蓖麻油质量定压热容与温度的关系

采用电热丝直接浸入液相加热、三层保温的量热装置，利用已知质量定压热容的甘油校正了蓖麻油质量定压热容测定过程中不同温区的热损失，据此测定了蓖麻油在310K～410K温区的质量定压热容。     

蓖麻油及其衍生物在涂料中的应用

蓖麻油作为一种可再生资源，具有较高工业经济价值。本结合蓖麻油的组成结构与性质，概述了蓖麻油和脱水蓖麻油、氧化蓖麻油等相关衍生物在涂料中的应用现状及其应用前景。     

电子工业用聚氨酯浇注胶研制

制备了一种邵氏A硬度45-50的蓖麻油基聚氨酯浇注胶。质量份为:蓖麻油19.7份、210聚醚33份、TDI 11.2份、二丁基二月桂酸锡适量。胶粘剂容易除水,2组分有较宽的混合比,可40-50℃混合,室温×24h固化,也可60℃×4 h固化。浇注工艺简单,可手工浇注,也可机器浇注。有良好的物理性能,在电子工业中用于密封。     

松木模板法制备CaAl_(2x)O_(3x+1)固体碱催化剂北大核心CSCD

目的采用松木模板法制备固体碱催化剂旨在改变催化剂结构、提高催化剂性能。方法以一水乙酸钙、二水碱式乙酸铝为原料、松木屑为模板,经浸渍、干燥、焙烧制备CaAl_(2x)O_(3x+1)固体碱催化剂。采用单因素试验考查钙铝物质的量比、焙烧温度及焙烧时间对催化剂活性的影响。对催化剂及前驱体进行TG、XRD及SEM表征。结果制备CaAl_(2x)O_(3x+1)固体碱催化剂的最佳条件:钙铝物质的量比4∶1、焙烧温度900℃、焙烧时间7 h。催化剂前驱体温度超过900℃后分解基本结束。CaAl_(2x)O_(3x+1)固体碱催化剂晶相结构类似松木屑模板,是由大量无定型物质(Al 2O 3、CaO或其复合物)和少量晶体(CaO)构成的表面光滑的亚微米级颗粒组成。结论通过松木模板法可制得类似松木结构且活性较高的固体碱催化剂。     

由蓖麻油制备的UV光固化涂料

由蓖麻油甘油酯、环氧树脂UVR6100、光引发剂UV16900制得的涂料具有良好的光泽、优良的柔韧性、良好的附着力与硬度,且当蓖麻油甘油酯含量为40％时,漆膜综合性能较佳。     

环氧树脂蓖麻油双重改性水性聚氨酯皮革涂饰剂的合成与性能

以聚氧化丙烯二醇(PPG)和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)为原料,蓖麻油(CO)和环氧树脂(E-44)为交联剂,采用预聚体分散法合成了一系列用于皮革涂饰的环氧树脂蓖麻油双重改性水性聚氨酯(ECOWPU)。采用FTIR、TEM、DSC、TGA对聚合物结构及膜的性能进行了分析。FTIR表明聚合物中引入了蓖麻油和环氧树脂,羟基和环氧基均参与反应。通过TEM可观察乳液颗粒呈球形,粒径较为均匀。DSC表明,改性后胶膜的微相分离程度增大。TGA表明,环氧树脂和蓖麻油的加入提高了聚氨酯的热稳定性。蓖麻油、E-44含量的增加,均使胶膜拉伸强度逐渐增大,断裂伸长率、吸水率降低。当蓖麻油添加量为4.9%,E-44添加量为7%时,胶膜的综合性能最佳。     

聚氨酯脲－乙烯基聚合物复合水分散液

以蓖麻油、二官能度聚醚多元醇（ＧＥ ２１０）、苯乙烯和丙烯酸丁酯等原料合成了聚氨酯脲－乙烯基聚合物（ＰＵＡ）复合水分散液,并研究了这类水分散体系的粒子形态、流变性能以及稳定性。结果表明,分别由蓖麻油以及蓖麻油与ＧＥ ２１０质量比为１／ｌ合成的ＰＵＡ分散液中的分散相呈现出较好的核壳结构,分散液的粘度较小,接近于牛顿流体,且体系的电位绝对值和临界聚沉浓度较大。由ＧＥ ２１０合成的ＰＵＡ复合水分散液中未观察到规则的分散粒子,分散液的粘度较大,表现为假塑性流体,且对电解质较敏感。     

Pt负载于不同载体对蓖麻籽油加氢催化制备生物航油的影响北大核心CSCD

以蓖麻籽油为原料,在Pt负载于不同载体构建的系列催化剂催化作用下,在高温高压反应釜中开展一步加氢催化制备生物航油研究。采用等体积浸渍法制备了Pt基系列催化剂,探究了氢压、反应时间、反应转速、反应温度对催化反应效果的影响。结果表明,加氢催化制备生物航油的最佳反应条件为:氢压4 MPa,反应时间7 h,催化剂Pt/SAPO-11、Pt/ZSM-23反应转速均为1 100 r/min,催化剂Pt/SBA-15反应转速为1 000 r/min,催化剂Pt/SAPO-11和Pt/ZSM-23反应温度均为360℃,催化剂Pt/SBA-15反应温度为340℃。在最佳条件下,催化剂Pt/SAPO-11的转化率为90.79%,C_(8)-C_(16)烷烃选择性为45.86%,C_(8)-C_(16)烷烃异构率为9.87%;催化剂Pt/ZSM-23的转化率为91.04%,C_(8)-C_(16)烷烃选择性为56.98%,C_(8)-C_(16)烷烃异构率为12.11%;催化剂Pt/SBA-15的转化率为46.26%,C_(8)-C_(16)烷烃选择性为12.85%,C_(8)-C_(16)烷烃异构率为4.83%。实验表明,Pt/ZSM-23的3项指标均优于Pt/SAPO-11和Pt/SBA-15,其更适合用于催化制备生物航油。     

Preparation Methods for Monodispersed Garlic Oil Microspheres in Water Using the Microemulsion Technique and Their Potential as Antimicrobials

Garlic oil is considered as a natural broad‐spectrum antibiotic because of its well‐known antimicrobial activity. However, the characteristics of easy volatility and poor aqueous solubility limit the application of garlic oil in industry. The purpose of the present work is to develop and evaluate an oil‐free microemulsion by loading garlic oil in microemulsion system. Microemulsions were prepared with ethoxylated hydrogenated castor (Cremophor RH40) as surfactant, n‐butanol (or ethanol) as cosurfactant, oleic acid‐containing garlic oil as oil phase, and ultrapure water as water phase. The effects of the ratio of surfactant to cosurfactant and different oil concentration on the area of oil‐in‐water (O/W) microemulsion region in pseudoternary phase diagrams were investigated. The particle size and garlic oil encapsulation efficiency of the formed microemulsions with different formulations were also investigated. In addition, the antimicrobial activity in vitro against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was assessed. The experimental results show that a stable microemulsion region can be obtained when the mass ratio of surfactant to cosurfactant is, respectively, 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1. Especially, when the mixture surfactants of RH40/n‐butanol 2/1 (w/w) is used in the microemulsion formulation, the area of O/W microemulsion region is 0.089 with the particle size 13.29 to 13.85 nm and garlic oil encapsulation efficiency 99.5%. The prepared microemulsion solution exhibits remarkable antibacterial activity against S. aureus.     

蓖麻油与马来酸酐酯化反应的研究

利用马来酸酐对蓖麻油进行部分酯化。重点考察了酯化温度和催化剂用量对酯化反应的影响。结果发现:在110℃下进行反应,催化剂的加入有利于马来酸酐的双酯化;不加催化剂的情况下,在90~130℃间发生单酯化反应,反应温度每升高20℃,反应速率常数几乎加快一倍。最后采用IR和H1NMR对酯化蓖麻油的结构进行了表征。