Functional Polyglycidol-Based Block Copolymers for DNA Complexation

Gene therapy is an attractive therapeutic method for the treatment of genetic disorders for which the efficient delivery of nucleic acids into a target cell is critical. The present study is aimed at evaluating the potential of copolymers based on linear polyglycidol to act as carriers of nucleic acids. Functional copolymers with linear polyglycidol as a non-ionic hydrophilic block and a second block bearing amine hydrochloride pendant groups were prepared using previously synthesized poly(allyl glycidyl ether)-b-polyglycidol block copolymers as precursors. The amine functionalities were introduced via highly efficient radical addition of 2-aminoethanethiol hydrochloride to the alkene side groups. The modified copolymers formed loose aggregates with strongly positive surface charge in aqueous media, stabilized by the presence of dodecyl residues at the end of the copolymer structures and the hydrogen-bonding interactions in polyglycidol segments. The copolymer aggregates were able to condense DNA into stable and compact nanosized polyplex particles through electrostatic interactions. The copolymers and the corresponding polyplexes showed low to moderate cytotoxicity on a panel of human cancer cell lines. The cell internalization evaluation demonstrated the capability of the polyplexes to successfully deliver DNA into the cancer cells.     

聚酯纤维的染色改性

叙述了聚酯纤维染色物理和化学的改性方法 ,其中对于采用共聚方法制得的阳离子染料可染聚酯进行了详细阐述 ,并叙述了国内外聚酯纤维染色的发展简况。     

锅炉化学清洗液中柠檬酸浓度测定的新方法

提出了一种新的测定锅炉柠檬酸化学清洗液中柠檬酸浓度的方法.采用阳离子树脂置换柠檬酸锅炉清洗液中的NH4+、Fe3+、Fe2+等阳离子后,测定交换液中的柠檬酸总浓度,并根据清洗液中全铁离子含量计算出游离柠檬酸浓度.该法测定的回收率大于96％,操作简单快捷、重现性好,可准确反映清洗液中柠檬酸的浓度,满足实际锅炉化学清洗测定的要求.     

两类染料厌氧生物可降解性的研究

为探讨利用现有生活污水处理设施的厌氧污泥,大规模厌氧处理含染料废水的可行性,利用液体置换装置,通过接种未驯化厌氧活性污泥,对5种阳离子染料和4种活性染料的厌氧生物可降解性能进行了试验研究。结果表明,所试验的阳离子染料和活性染料在100和200rag／L质量浓度下COD去除率、厌氧生物可降解性最低分别是96．7％,97．0％,94．0％和94．4％。厌氧反应过程中,脱色效果明显,取样测试时只有双偶氮活性染料BLACK-B出现重新着色现象。用现有生活污水处理设施的厌氧污泥接种,处理含这两类染料的废水是可行的。     

δ-MnO2吸附染料亚甲基蓝的动力学和机理

为改善印染废水的深度处理效果,通过静态吸附试验研究δ-MnO2吸附水中阳离子染料亚甲基蓝的动力学和机理.研究混合强度、初始染料质量浓度、MnO2投量、pH和温度对吸附速率的影响,得出表观动力学方程,并考察吸附机理.结果表明:吸附过程符合表观2级动力学方程,物料传递和微孔扩散是限速步骤.试验条件下对亚甲基蓝的吸附容量可达0.244 mg/mg.较高的吸附容量和较快的吸附速率使δ-MnO2有望应用于印染废水深度处理.     

阳离子改性接枝淀粉的合成及其性能的研究

在通氮的条件下,以氧化-还原引发体系引发淀粉、丙烯酰胺与阳离子单体(甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化胺)共聚,得到阳离子改性接枝淀粉,将改性接枝淀粉用作助留助滤剂,取得了满意的效果.     

A Laboratory Evaluation of a Relative Permeability Modifier for Water Production Control

Relative permeability modifier (RPM) is proven to be effective to control water production. In this study, the static adsorption and disproportionate permeability reduction of RPM were investigated. Experimental results indicate that the static adsorption of RPM on quartz sands and reservoir sands, which is in line with Langmuir adsorption isotherm, is affected by electrostatic interactions and wettability of solid surface. Adsorption on reservoir sands is far less than that on quartz sands and RPM can render the oil-wet quartz plate to be weakly water-wet plate. Physical simulation results show that RPM has good disproportionate permeability reduction effect to control water production.     

具有缓蚀功能阳离子沥青乳化剂的合成与性能研究

为了缓解甚至消除生产阳离子乳化沥青过程中存在的腐蚀隐患,合成了一种具有缓蚀功能的阳离子沥青乳化剂。考察了以二丁胺、环氧氯丙烷和长链烷基咪唑啉为原料合成目标产物的工艺条件;对目标产物进行结构表征并测定其缓蚀性能和乳化性能。结果表明,二丁胺与环氧氯丙烷的摩尔比1∶2.2,无水乙醇为溶剂,在35℃条件下搅拌反应10h得到N-丁基-N,N-二(3-氯-2-羟丙基)丁烷-1-铵盐;长链烷基咪唑啉与中间体的摩尔比为2.1∶1,异丙醇为溶剂,在80℃条件下搅拌反应12h得到目标产物。合成的阳离子沥青乳化剂具有较高的表面活性和良好的缓蚀性能;以合成的阳离子沥青乳化剂制备的乳化沥青达到交通部JTG F40-2004的质量要求。     

阴阳离子表面活性剂混合模板剂合成介孔MCM-48分子筛

采用溶胶-凝胶法,以阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)和阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)混合体系为模板剂,在较大幅度降低模板剂用量(模板剂与硅源的摩尔比从0.55降至0.177)的条件下,合成了高度有序的介孔MCM-48分子筛。为提高分子筛合成的重复性,对影响介孔MCM-48分子筛合成的因素,如水与硅的摩尔比(简称水硅比)、晶化时间及混合模板剂中SDS与CTAB的摩尔比进行了考察。实验结果表明,最佳合成配方中水硅比为62,反应条件为373 K下晶化72 h,混合模板剂中SDS与CTAB的摩尔比为0.164;在此条件下合成的介孔MCM-48分子筛的孔径为2.72 nm,比表面积为861.8 m2/g。     

一种阳离子聚合物黏土稳定剂的合成及性能

以丙烯酰胺(AM),氯化1-甲基-1-烯丙基咪唑(MAC)和烯丙醇聚氧乙烯醚(APEG)制备了AM/APEG/MAC三元聚合物,最佳反应条件:m(AM)∶m(APEG)∶m(MAC)=2∶2∶96,引发剂用量0.6%,pH=1,45℃,单体总质量分数20%。考察了不同条件下聚合物溶液的防膨能力以及对钠蒙脱土(NaMMT)和泥页岩水化膨胀的影响,结果表明:该聚合物在质量分数为1.5%时的防膨率为72%;同时,该聚合物与0.2mol/L的KCl或NaCl复配能够显著抑制NaMMT晶层间距的膨胀,提高泥页岩在水中浸泡后的压入硬度。