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991.
A. C. Lanser G. R. List R. K. Holloway T. L. Mounts 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1991,68(6):448-449
A user-interactive computer-assisted Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) method has been developed for estimation of free fatty
acids (FFA) in vegetable oil samples by deconvolution of the infrared (IR) absorbances corresponding to the triglyceride ester
and FFA carbonyl bonds. Peak areas were used to determine FFA as a percentage of the total carbonyl areas in weighed standards
of refined, bleached, deodorized soybean oil containing from 0 to 5% added oleic acid. These data for percent FFA by FTIR
were compared to corresponding FFA data obtained by two titration methods-the AOCS Official Method Ca 5a-40 and the Official
Method with a slight modification. Correlation coefficients were 0.999 for the Ca 5a-40, 0.999 for the modified and 0.989
for the FTIR methods. FFA in samples of crude soybean oils extracted from damaged beans (0.5 to 2.1% FFA) were measured by
FTIR and compared to data obtained by titration of the same samples (correlation coefficient, 0.869).
To whom correspondence should be addressed at National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agriculture Research
Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604.
1The mention of firm names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the U.S. Department of
Agriculture over other firms or similar products not mentioned. 相似文献
992.
水性聚氨酯结构与微相分离的研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
合成了一系列水性聚氯酯,并用红外光谱、差示扫描量热仪对乳液胶膜进行表征,考察了软段组成、DMPA含量及。(-NCO):n(-OH)比值对产物微相分离的影响。实验结果表明:聚醚型产物的微相分离程度高于聚酯型产物。提高DMPA用量,软段Tg移向低温区,说明体系的做相分离程度加大。随着n(-NCO):n(-OH)比值的增大,软段Tg也移向低温区,软硬段的微相分离程度增大. 相似文献
993.
In the previous paper, we reported the stand growth of slash pine (Pinus elliottii) during the first 11.5 years of plantation in response to (1) initial fertilization at plantation establishment with P rates of 11, 22, 45 and 90 kg P ha–1 which were either banded or broadcast in the presence or absence of basal fertilizers containing 50 kg N ha–1, 50 kg K ha–1 and 5 kg Cu ha–1 and (2) application of additional 40 kg P ha–1 at age 10 years. Here we present the responses in foliar nutrient concentrations of slash pine in the first 11.5 years to the initial fertilization and the additional P applied at age 10 years.Foliar N and K concentrations in the first 9.6 years of plantation decreased with the initial P rate. Application of the basal fertilizers improved foliar Cu concentration. Foliar Ca and Mg concentrations increased linearly with the initial P rate. The initial fertilization did not affect foliar Mn concentration in the first 9.6 years. Foliar P concentration increased quadratically with the initial P rate, which accounted for 77–86% of the variation in foliar P concentration. Most of the explained variation in foliar nutrient concentrations was attributable to the plantation age except for foliar P concentration. In the case of foliar P concentration, 53% was explained by the initial P rate, 31% by the plantation age and 2% by the positive interaction between the initial P rate and the plantation age. Foliar P concentration of slash pine at age 11.5 years increased quadratically with the initial P rate and linearly with the additional 40 kg P ha–1 applied at age 10 years, accounting for 81% of the variation in the foliar P concentration. Foliar nutrient analysis indicated that P was the major limiting nutrient affecting the stand growth of slash pine in the first 11.5 years. 相似文献
994.
Johannes C. Jansen Marialuigia Macchione Raniero Mendichi Enrico Drioli 《Polymer》2005,46(25):11366-11379
Asymmetric gas separation membranes were prepared by the dry-casting technique from PEEKWC, a modified amorphous glassy poly(ether ether ketone). The phase inversion process and membrane performance were correlated to the properties of the polymer and the casting solution (molar mass, polymer concentration, solution rheology and thermodynamics). It was found that a broad molar mass distribution of the polymer in the casting solution is most favourable for the formation of a highly selective membrane with a dense skin and a porous sub-layer. Thus, membranes with an effective skin thickness of less than 1 μm were obtained, exhibiting a maximum O2/N2 selectivity of 7.2 and a CO2/CH4 selectivity of 39, both significantly higher than in a corresponding thick dense PEEKWC membrane and also comparable to or higher than that of the most commonly used polymers for gas separation membranes. The CO2 and O2 permeance were up to 9.5×10−3 and 1.8×10−3 m3/(m2 h bar) (3.5 and 0.67 GPU), respectively. 相似文献
995.
W. Dennis Pocklington 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1992,69(8):789-793
The development, by collaborative study, of a standardized method for the determination of tetrachloroethylene in olive oils
is described. The results of the study, which was carried out in 1989 under the direction of the International Olive Oil Council
(IOOC), are presented and show that tetrachloroethylene can be readily determined, to an acceptable degree of precision, by
gas-liquid chromatography with electron capture detection. A limited number of results obtained for the determination of trichloroethylene
and chloroform by the same method indicate that a similar precision could be obtained with the method when determining these
solvents also. 相似文献
996.
Polyurethanes were prepared from toluene diisocyanate (TDI), 1-4-butane diol (BDO) and polycaprolactone-based triols with varying molecular weights. Among each molecular weight triol-based urethane, hard segment content was varied from 20% to 70%. Differential scanning calorimetry, tensile testing, and Iosipescu shear testing were done on all the various urethanes prepared. Thermal characterization data revealed the dependence of phase separation on hard segment content as well as on the triol molecular weight. Tensile data and Iosipescu shear data further confirmed the observations made from the DSC data. The data further indicated that phase separation can greatly improve the modulus of cross-linked segmented urethanes. Adhesion of these urethanes to glass surface was evaluated using soda-lime float glass plate. Urethane samples were cast on the air side of the glass plates and adhesion was measured in shear mode. Adhesion data indicated that in addition to hard segment content, modulus, cross-link density, and molecular weight of the triols, phase separation seems to be a major factor in controlling adhesion. Surfaces of the failed adhesion samples were also analyzed and the failure mode was found to be cohesive, in varying degree, with the different urethane systems. 相似文献
997.
Lithium chloride was added to systematically alter the phase separation behavior, and hence, the nature of urea phase connectivity, in a series of plaques based on molded flexible polyurethane foam formulations. The plaques prepared were found to possess varied levels of urea phase connectivity that was examined at different length scales using several characterization techniques. SAXS, TEM, and t‐AFM were used to show that addition of LiCl systematically reduced the formation of the urea aggregate structures typically observed in flexible polyurethane foam formulations and thus led to a loss in urea phase connectivity at the macrolevel. SAXS, DSC, and DMA revealed that formulations with and without LiCl exhibited similar interdomain spacings and soft segment glass transitions, suggesting that incorporation of LiCl did not prevent the plaques from undergoing partial microphase separation. WAXS demonstrated that addition of LiCl led to a loss in the local ordering of the hard segments within the microdomains, i.e., it led to a reduction of microlevel connectivity or the regularity in segmental packing of the urea phase. High‐magnification t‐AFM images showed that increasing the LiCl content dispersed the urea component more homogeneously and in a more uniform manner in the polyol matrix, and thus altered the connectivity of the urea phase at the microdomain level. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 2956–2967, 2002 相似文献
998.
阐述了油罐在清洗过程中可能出现的各种事故,以及针对各种事故所采取的预防措施,从而从根本上控制油罐清洗过程中安全事故的发生。 相似文献
999.
1000.
尿素包合法分离橡胶籽油中的多价不饱和脂肪酸 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
用尿素包合法从橡胶籽油混合脂肪酸中分离多价不饱和脂肪酸 ,用正交设计实验法对分离工艺进行研究 ,其最佳分离条件是 :原料配比为m(混合脂肪酸 )∶m(尿素 )∶m(乙醇 ) =1 0 0∶1 5∶1 8,回流时间 12 0min。经一次尿素包合法分离即可得到多价不饱和脂肪酸质量分数大于90 %的产品 ,实验收率大于 35 % 相似文献