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91.
The reaction of [Cu(sac)2(H2O)4] · 2H2O with 2-methylpyrazine (mpyz) leads two complexes, concomitant crystallization of a mononuclear complex [Cu(sac)2(mpyz)(H2O)2] (1) and a polymeric complex [Cu(sac)2(μ-mpyz)]n (2). Both complexes have been characterized by elemental analyses, magnetic measurements, FT-IR and ESR, TG-DTA and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Single-crystal X-ray analyses show that complex 1 consists of discrete molecules in which the copper(II) ions exhibits a square-pyramidal coordination geometry. The individual molecules of 1 are connected into a hydrogen-bonded chain structure, which is further assembled to form a three-dimensional network by ππ stacking interactions. Complex 2 is an 1D coordination polymer in which copper(II) centers are bridged by the mpyz ligand. The chains are further assembled to form two-dimensional frameworks by ππ and C–H···π stacking interactions.  相似文献   
92.
绿色供应链管理的基本原理   总被引:39,自引:0,他引:39  
人口、资源与环境三者之间的矛盾日益突显,要求制造业提高其活动与环境的相容性。绿色供应链管理是从系统的观点与集成的思想出发解决制造业与环境之间冲突的有效方式。从可持续发展的思想出发建立了绿色供应链的概念模型,分析了绿色供应链管理的目标,在此基础上探讨了绿色供应链管理的基本原理,认为共生原理、循环原理、替代转换原理与系统开放原理是实施绿色供应链管理应该遵循的基本原理。  相似文献   
93.
This work is concerned with the efficient design of a reverse logistics network using an extended version of models currently found in the literature. Those traditional, basic models are formulated as mixed integer linear programs (MILP-model) and determine which facilities to open that minimize the investment, processing, transportation, disposal and penalty costs while supply, demand and capacity constraints are satisfied. However, we show that they can be improved when they are combined with a queueing model because it enables to account for (1) some dynamic aspects like lead time and inventory positions, and (2) the higher degree of uncertainty inherent to reverse logistics. Since this extension introduces nonlinear relationships, the problem is defined as a mixed integer nonlinear program (MINLP-model). Due to this additional complexity, the MINLP-model is presented for a single product-single-level network. Several examples are solved with a genetic algorithm based on the technique of differential evolution.  相似文献   
94.
Supply chain management has offered a way to improve the industrial environment becomes more competitive. While, the commonly seen methodologies may be effective in solving the production–distribution problem only from supplier- or customer-oriented consideration, those cannot present the interactive relationship between upstream and downstream enterprises. In the competitive semiconductor industry environment, considering the viewpoints of the supplier and consumer simultaneously is particularly required, because multiple manufacturing and demanding steps are performed at separate situations, concurrently. In this paper, we propose an interaction-oriented approach, which bases on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methodology and proportional rule, to solve the semiconductor distribution problem with multiple quantitative and qualitative criteria. The developed approach gives an expected satisfaction for the all participators of the whole chain while the cooperative information is shared perfectly and effectively. Analysis results demonstrate the proposed methodology is efficient and effective through a real world case study.  相似文献   
95.
虚拟企业中的知识扩散与技术创新   总被引:13,自引:1,他引:12  
采用知识链方法对虚拟企业的技术和知识扩散与创新的方式和途径进行了初步探索,将虚拟企业中知识扩散方式分为传播扩散型、培养指导型和互动创造型三类模式;同时,认为信任机制是实现虚拟企业中成员企业知识特别是隐形知识的交流与共享的前提,是实现技术和知识创新的基础。  相似文献   
96.
In this paper we present the results of a simulation study to explore the ability of Bayesian parametric and nonparametric models to provide an adequate fit to count data of the type that would routinely be analyzed parametrically either through fixed-effects or random-effects Poisson models. The context of the study is a randomized controlled trial with two groups (treatment and control). Our nonparametric approach uses several modeling formulations based on Dirichlet process priors. We find that the nonparametric models are able to flexibly adapt to the data, to offer rich posterior inference, and to provide, in a variety of settings, more accurate predictive inference than parametric models.  相似文献   
97.
This paper analyzes a system subject to repairable and non-repairable failures. Non-repairable failures lead to replacement of the system. Repairable failures, first lead to repair but they lead to replacement after a fixed number of repairs. Operating and repair times follow phase type distributions (PH-distributions) and the pattern of the operating times is modelled by a geometric process. In this context, the problem is to find the optimal number of repairs, which maximizes the long-run average reward per unit time. To this end, the optimal number is determined and it is obtained by efficient numerical procedures.  相似文献   
98.
THE STATISTICAL DESIGN OF CUSUM CHARTS   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
  相似文献   
99.
本文提出一种新的网络访问方式。它引入了同步时钟和令牌链,使得各点可共享一条通信数据线而访问控制电路却简单到仅用几个D触发器即可实现。它具有传统令牌方式所没有的一些优点。在通信量较少,速度要求不高的场合,其效果很好。文中讨论的一种应用方式。  相似文献   
100.
This paper introduces a novel methodology for clustering of symbolic objects by making use of Genetic Algorithms (GAs). GAs are a family of computational models inspired by evolution. These algorithms encode potential solutions to specific problems on simple chromosome-like data structures and apply recombination operators to these structures so as to preserve critical information. A new type of representation for chromosome structure is presented here along with a new method for mutation. The efficacy of the proposed method is examined by application to numeric data of known number of classes and also to assertion type of symbolic objects drawn from the domain of fat oil, microcomputers, microprocessors and botany. The validity of the clusters obtained is examined.  相似文献   
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