勇攀高峰，攻克世界级技术难关

目前,塔里木盆地已成为我国重要的油气生产基地和最大的天然气产区。2008年,塔里木油田年油气当量产量已突破2000×10^4t,塔河油田年油气当量产量达714×10^4t,整个塔里木2008年油气当量产量已接近3000×10^4t。2009年是塔里木石油会战20周年,回顾了塔里木盆地的勘探开发历程,指出科技创新和技术进步是塔里木盆地油气勘探开发丁作取得重大成果的保障。     

我国工业节能形势及其对策

介绍了我国“十一五”期间总体和各项具体的节能目标,以及我国已采取的一系列节能措施。阐述了我国目前节能形势和特点,指出我国节能形势有所好转,但离目标的差距仍然很大。我国工业能耗占总能耗70％左右,分析了我国工业能耗现状和2010年、2020年的节能目标,以及我国工业能源利用率与国外的差距,指出我国工业节能潜力较大。根据我国工业节能面临的挑战,指出挖掘工业节能潜力必须推进节能技术进步,必须实施一系列节能政策。     

21世纪的欧佩克及其在世界石油市场中的作用

简单介绍了欧佩克的宗旨和组织机构;阐述了欧佩克成立40年以来在稳定世界石油市场方面的作用;分析了欧佩克未来面临的挑战;指出了欧佩克必须加强与石油消费国的合作才能保持石油市场的稳定。     

加快企业统计现代化建设迎接网络经济的挑战

本文着重分析网络经济对企业传统统计工作的影响,并对现在统计存在的问题及解决方法进行论述。     

21世纪钢铁工业面临的挑战与对策

从全球钢铁产品市场竞争的态势,分析了21世纪钢铁工业所面临的挑战,简述了我国钢铁企业的现状及应采取的对策。     

知识经济时代思想政治工作面临的挑战与对策

知识经济时代,社会的生产方式、生活方式、管理方式、思维方式等都将发生重大变化,给思想政治工作带来了前所未有的全方位挑战。因此,面对知识经济时代的到来,思想政治工作要具有一定的前瞻性,必须坚持知识经济形态的主体性原则与思想政治工作以人为本的原则,积极探索新的工作方式方法,不断增强思想政治工作的适应性和实效性,使思想政治工作更好地为经济建设服务。     

论职业技术教育中加强素质教育的必要性

随着职业技术教育的迅速发展,职业技术教育在国民经济中发挥着越来越重要作用。职业学校必须不断调整人才培养要求,要把提高劳动者全面素质放在第一位,才能培养出新一代的适应时代需要的人才。     

我国住宅产业面临的机遇与挑战

研究了我国住宅产业所面临的机遇与挑战,对其未来的发展趋势作出了初卞的判识。     

Decontamination efficiency of a new post-consumer poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) recycling concept

The aim of the study was to investigate and evaluate the cleaning efficiency of a new recycling concept for post-consumer poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). The so-called Flake To Resin (FTR®) recycling process produces PET pellets or preforms from conventionally recycled PET flakes for the application in new PET packaging in direct food contact. The investigated process can be considered as ‘super-clean’ recycling process and was developed to introduce conventional recycled post-consumer (PCR) PET flakes up to an amount of 50% into the pellet and preform production. Within the study the cleaning efficiency of the investigated FTR process was determined by a challenge test. The experimental results obtained from three challenge tests with different input concentrations of the surrogates and different amounts of post-consumer PET flakes show that all applied surrogates are very efficiently removed by the investigated recycling process. The cleaning efficiencies for all surrogates are above 99.9%. In the final product of the process no surrogates could be determined above the detection limits (0.5?mg kg^?1) even if the initial concentrations were in the percentage range. From a migrational point the final product, which are either PET pellets or preforms, was similar to virgin PET. Only the PET typical substances acetaldehyde and ethylene glycol had slightly higher concentrations than found in a conventional PET virgin sample used as reference. The generally accepted migration limit of 10?µg kg^?1 for the surrogates in the final products of the challenge tests is established for all kinds of foodstuffs.     

Hyperketonemia during lipopolysaccharide-induced mastitis affects systemic and local intramammary metabolism in dairy cows

Hyperketonemia interferes with the metabolic regulation in dairy cows. It is assumed that metabolic and endocrine changes during hyperketonemia also affect metabolic adaptations during inflammatory processes. We therefore studied systemic and local intramammary effects of elevated plasma β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) before and during the response to an intramammary lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Thirteen dairy cows received intravenously either a Na-dl-β-OH-butyrate infusion (n = 5) to achieve a constant plasma BHBA concentration (1.7 ± 0.1 mmol/L), with adjustments of the infusion rates made based on immediate measurements of plasma BHBA every 15 min, or an infusion with a 0.9% NaCl solution (control; n = 8) for 56 h. Infusions started at 0900 h on d 1 and continued until 1700 h 2 d later. Two udder quarters were challenged with 200 μg of Escherichia coli LPS and 2 udder quarters were treated with 0.9% saline solution as control quarters at 48 h after the start of infusion. Blood samples were taken at 1 wk and 2 h before the start of infusions as reference samples and hourly during the infusion. Mammary gland biopsies were taken 1 wk before, and 48 and 56 h (8 h after LPS challenge) after the start of infusions. The mRNA abundance of key factors related to BHBA and fatty acid metabolism, and glucose transporters was determined in mammary tissue biopsies. Blood samples were analyzed for plasma glucose, BHBA, nonesterified fatty acid, urea, insulin, glucagon, and cortisol concentrations. Differences were not different for effects of BHBA infusion on the mRNA abundance of any of the measured target genes in the mammary gland before LPS challenge. Intramammary LPS challenge increased plasma glucose, cortisol, glucagon, and insulin concentrations in both groups but increases in plasma glucose and glucagon concentration were less pronounced in the Na-dl-β-OH-butyrate infusion group than in controls. In response to LPS challenge, plasma BHBA concentration decreased in controls and decreased also slightly in the BHBA-infused animals because the BHBA concentration could not be fully maintained despite a rapid increase in BHBA infusion rate. The change in mRNA abundance of citrate synthase in LPS quarters was significant between the 2 treatment groups. The results indicate that elevated circulating BHBA concentration inhibits gluconeogenesis before and during immune response to LPS challenge, likely because BHBA can replace glucose as an energy source.