Quantitation of estragole by stable isotope dilution assays

Various calibration strategies for the quantitation of the phenylpropane estragole by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were developed and compared. For application in stable isotope dilution assays, two deuterium labelled estragole isotopologues were synthesized. Of these, [3′,3′-²H₂]estragole was prepared by Wittig reaction of 4-methoxy-phenylacetaldehyde with [²H₃]methyl-triphenyl-phosphonium bromide, whereas [1″,1″,1″-²H₃]estragole was obtained by demethylation of estragole and deuteromethylation of the resulting 4-allylphenole.Besides estragole isotopologues, 1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene and 4-propylanisole were also tested as internal standards (I.S.) for the determination of estragole in fennel tea.[1″,1″,1″-²H₃]Estragole, 1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene, and 4-propylanisole revealed linear calibration functions and, therefore, were suitable for estragole quantitation. In contrast to this, [3′,3′-²H₂]estragole could only be applied as I.S. if it was added to the extracts in stoichiometric deficiency compared to unlabelled estragole. Moreover, due to its different chemical and physical properties, 1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene showed a recovery as low as 77%, whereas the other I.S. revealed recovery rates close to 100%. Considering the “real” values of estragole in fennel tea, the choice of the I.S. obviously is less important than the way of preparing the tea. In contrast to the common method for tea preparation, squeezing of the teabags increased the estragole content significantly by 50%.     

Parametric Regionalism

Philip Yuan , Founding Director of Shanghai-based firm Archi-Union Architects, applies parametric techniques to his design and research in China. Here he explains how Parametricism can provide a highly adaptive and open approach to architectural knowledge and spatial organisation, accommodating regional variations in culture and environment, through an emphasis on local climate, materials and craft traditions.     

QuEChERS提取与气相色谱-电子捕获检测器串联测定茶叶中12种农药残留

建立了Qu ECh ERS提取与气相色谱-电子捕获检测器串联测定茶叶中12种农药残留的方法。试样经一种Qu EChERS方法进行前处理,经GC-ECD检测,基质外标法定量。当农药的添加级别范围在0.05~0.5 mg/kg时,平均回收率为71.6%~109.0%,相对标准偏差(RSDs)为0.29%~11.21%;线性范围为0.05~1μg/m L,最低检出量(LODs)为0.5×10~(-12)~26.1×10~(-12)g,最低检出浓度(LOQs)为0.006~0.05 mg/kg。该方法的准确度、精密度和灵敏度均达到了农药残留检测的要求,可以检测随机在市场上买来的茶叶中多种农药残留情况。     

基于电子舌和电子鼻技术的茶树花保健鲜啤酒辨识分析

应用电子舌与电子鼻技术对茶树花保健鲜啤酒与其他5种啤酒样品进行检测,所得数据用主成分分析方法（PCA）进行分析比较。研究表明,电子舌和电子鼻技术能够将茶树花保健鲜啤酒与其它五种啤酒样品进行很好的区分,说明茶树花鲜啤酒具有与众不同的口感与风味。     

柠檬草奶茶和薄荷奶茶制作工艺研究

以原味手工奶茶的制作工艺为基本,对柠檬草奶茶、薄荷奶茶的制作工艺进行了研究。采用正交试验得到了柠檬草奶茶、薄荷奶茶的最佳制备工艺条件:柠檬草浸提液料液比为3∶100,浸提液浸提时间为5 min,柠檬草浸提液与原味奶茶的比例为1∶1;薄荷浸提液料液比为8∶1000,浸提液浸提时间为3 min,薄荷与原味奶茶的混合茶汁比为2∶7。在此条件下所制得的成品口感清新独特,外观稳定。     

速溶普洱茶的喷雾干燥工艺研究

研究了速溶普洱茶的喷雾干燥工艺。采用正交试验法,以喷雾粉出粉量、含水量和感官评分为指标,考察进风口温度、出风口温度和普洱茶汤相对密度对喷雾干燥的影响。优选喷雾干燥工艺条件为:进风口温度为160℃,出风口温度为70℃,普洱茶汤相对密度1.15。     

湄潭白茶多糖对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性及其稳定性

目的:研究湄潭白茶多糖对金黄色葡萄球菌的体外抑菌活性及其稳定性.方法:采用牛津杯法和微量肉汤稀释法测定湄潭白茶多糖对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性及最小抑菌浓度(Minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC),并进一步探讨温度、pH、紫外线照射和金属离子对其抑菌活性稳定性的影响.结果:湄潭白茶多糖...     

不同茶叶提取物对广式腊肠品质的影响

天然多酚提取物,如茶叶提取物常用于替代肉制品中的合成抗氧化剂。该研究通过测定水分含量、水分活度、硫代巴比妥酸反应物（Thiobarbituric Acid Reactants,TBARS）含量、以及质构、色差、低场核磁共振波谱和感官鉴定探究不同茶叶提取物对广式腊肠品质的影响。结果表明,添加提取物的广式腊肠TBARS值由9.83 mmol MDA/g降低至2.32 mmol MDA/g以下,挥发性盐基氮含量（Total Volatile Basic Nitrogen,TVB-N）由0.17 mg/100 g N降低至0.07 mg/100 g N以下。茶叶提取物的添加显著降低了广式腊肠的水分含量,但对水分活度和水分组成无显著影响。在广式腊肠质构特性上,绿茶、黄茶和乌龙茶提取物显著降低了腊肠硬度。色差上,绿茶提取物的添加使腊肠红度由16.10上升至18.89。感官特性上,添加绿茶提取物的腊肠各项感官评分最高,但大部分感官指标无显著差异。因此,添加茶叶提取物可作为抑制广式腊肠加工过程中脂质氧化的有效手段,绿茶提取物在感官和色度上最适合作为腊肠的天然抗氧化剂。     

英红九号茶蛋白ACE抑制肽的制备、氨基酸组成及不同超滤组分的活性评价

以英红九号红茶渣经碱溶酸沉提取的茶蛋白为研究对象,血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)抑制率为评价指标,通过单因素试验和响应面优化得到茶蛋白ACE抑制肽的最佳制备工艺,并对酶解物进行氨基酸组成分析、超滤膜分离和不同分子量组分的ACE抑制活性分析。结果表明,英红九号茶蛋白ACE抑制肽的最优酶解工艺为酶解温度37℃、3.20 h、p H值7.20、底物质量分数3%、酶底质量比0.40%,在此条件下进行的验证试验ACE抑制率为83.38%,与理论值84.48%较相符。英红九号茶蛋白ACE抑制肽酶解物富含必需氨基酸(33.03%)和对ACE抑制活性有重要意义的疏水性氨基酸(47.20%),且经超滤膜分离所得<3ku组分的ACE抑制活性(IC₅₀=0.85 mg/mL)要显著强于酶解物(IC₅₀=1.37 mg/mL)和>3 ku组分(IC₅₀=2.81 mg/mL)。该研究为食源性ACE抑制肽的研究开发和英红九号茶蛋白的高值化利用提供了理论依据。     

原子荧光光谱法测定茶叶中微量硒的研究

采用原子荧光光谱法对茶叶中硒的含量进行了分析,用巯基棉富集和硫脲抗坏血酸掩蔽Pb2 、Cu2 、Ag 的干扰.讨论并确定了最佳测定条件,硒的检出限为0.57 ng·mL-1,线性范围为0.00～100.00 ng·mL-1,回收率为99.0%～106.3%,相对标准偏差小于1.71 %.