Ethnic pride and self-control related to protective and risk factors: Test of the theoretical model for the strong African American families program.

Objective. To test a theoretical model of how ethnic pride and self-control are related to risk and protective factors. Design. A community sample of 670 African American youth (mean age = 11.2 years) were interviewed in households. Main Outcome Measures. Measures of cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and sexual behavior (lifetime to past month). Results. Structural modeling analyses indicated parenting was related to self-control and self-esteem, and racial socialization was related to ethnic pride. Self-control and self-esteem variables were related to levels of deviance-prone attitudes and to perceptions of engagers in, or abstainers from, substance use and sexual behavior. The proximal factors (behavioral willingness, resistance efficacy, and peer behavior) had substantial relations to the criterion variables. Participant gender and parental education also had several paths in the model. Results were generally similar for the 2 outcome behaviors. Conclusions. In this population, self-esteem and self-control are related to parenting approaches and have pathways to attitudes and social perceptions that are significant factors for predisposing to, or protecting against, early involvement in substance use and sexual behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A methodological study of cigarette brand discrimination.

To test the comparative discriminability of the recognition judgment method and an affective (like-dislike) judgment method of brand discrimination, 246 regular cigarette smokers were divided into two groups, and each group member was given one of the 'Big Three' cigarettes with brand name obscured. Members of one group made a recognition judgment; members of the other made a 'like-dislike' judgment. Analysis of variance showed that (1) both types of judgment were made with better than chance accuracy, (2) the like-dislike judgment was slightly but not significantly more sensitive than the recognition judgment, (3) the distribution of responses for each type of judgment was radically different. "It was suggested that… the use of affective judgment… merits further study." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

盘纸加香在进口卷烟盘纸替代中的应用

采用气相色谱/质谱法分析国产和进口卷烟盘纸对卷烟主流烟气成分的影响,研究国产卷烟盘纸加香后卷烟产品和进口盘纸卷烟产品主流烟气成分及感官质量的差异。实验结果表明,国产盘纸替换进口盘纸后,卷烟主流烟气成分中低分子醛、酮类物质含量减少,卷烟感官质量下降;加香后的国产盘纸卷烟样品主流烟气成分和感官质量和进口盘纸卷烟样品较一致,加香后的国产盘纸可作为进口盘纸的替代品。     

YP11.81型横向收集机提升装置的改进应用

横向收集机卡烟十分严重,条烟卡坏后造成了大量的原辅材料消耗,增加了生产成本。为此对横向收集机提升装置进行了重大改进,通过引入条烟到位提升工作原理,设计了提升器控制凸轮、凸轮连杆机构、电磁铁离合机构和气缸驱动提升机构,并将提升器行程改为65mm,改进了电控系统。通过一系列的创新和改进,优化了该设备的原理和结构。改造后,卡烟现象大为减少,节约了大量原辅材料,降低了生产成本,取得了较好经济效益。     

海泡石与壳聚糖吸附卷烟主流烟气中低分子醛酮的对比应用研究

比较了分别添加海泡石和壳聚糖的卷烟复合滤咀对主流烟气中低分子醛酮类化合物和其它有害物质(如焦油、一氧化碳等)的吸附效果。研究结果表明:海泡石和壳聚糖对主流烟气中低分子醛酮类化合物均有较好的吸附作用;壳聚糖对主流烟气中醛酮类化合物的吸附能力优于海泡石,且对焦油、烟碱无明显影响,具有选择性吸附效果,其抽吸品质有所改善,口感柔和,烟气刺激性降低。     

微波辅助乙醇提取刺槐花浸膏及其在烟草中的作用评价

利用微波辅助乙醇提取刺槐花浸膏,研究了提取时间对刺槐花浸膏产率的影响,利用GC／MS分析刺槐花浸膏化学成分,共鉴定出14种成分,并且进行卷烟加香作用评价。结果表明：微波辅助乙醇提取刺槐花浸膏在香气质、香气量、杂气、透发性、浓度、细腻柔和、干燥程度、回甜方面均有所提升,余味有变差的趋势。     

绿色卷烟工房节水设计总结与回顾

在绿色卷烟工房设计中,节水与水资源利用设计举足轻重。结合近年来国内在绿色卷烟工房方面的一些设计经验,并根据给水排水专业相关设备、材料和相关理论研究的发展情况,从节水和非传统水源利用两个方面,对绿色卷烟工房的节水设计进行了总结。     

国内外低焦油烤烟型卷烟中性香味成分的分析比较

将国内外5种（国外1种,国内4种）低焦油烤烟型卷烟烟丝经同时蒸馏萃取、GC、GC／MS分析测试,对低焦油烤烟型卷烟烟丝29种中性香味成分进行了分析研究。国内外卷烟烟丝的常规化学成分也进行了测试比较。结果发现,国产烤烟型卷烟挥发性、半挥发性中性成分总量、酮类成分总量、醇类成分总量比国外烤烟型卷烟低,醛类成分总量、酯类成分总量比国外高。4种国产烤烟型卷烟烟丝重要中性香味成分中均比国外烤烟型卷烟低10％以上的有：苯乙醛、糠醇、苯甲醇、六氢金合欢基丙酮和2-甲氧基4-乙烯基苯酚;均高于10％的有：糠醛、亚麻酸甲酯等。     

Cigarette Smoke Stimulates SARS-CoV-2 Internalization by Activating AhR and Increasing ACE2 Expression in Human Gingival Epithelial Cells

A large body of evidence shows the harmful effects of cigarette smoke to oral and systemic health. More recently, a link between smoking and susceptibility to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was proposed. COVID-19 is due to infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which uses the receptor ACE2 and the protease TMPRSS2 for entry into host cells, thereby infecting cells of the respiratory tract and the oral cavity. Here, we examined the effects of cigarette smoke on the expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptors and infection in human gingival epithelial cells (GECs). We found that cigarette smoke condensates (CSC) upregulated ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression in GECs, and that CSC activated aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling in the oral cells. ACE2 was known to mediate SARS-CoV-2 internalization, and we demonstrate that CSC treatment potentiated the internalization of SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus in GECs in an AhR-dependent manner. AhR depletion using small interference RNA decreased SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus internalization in CSC-treated GECs compared with control GECs. Our study reveals that cigarette smoke upregulates SARS-CoV-2 receptor expression and infection in oral cells. Understanding the mechanisms involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection in cells of the oral cavity may suggest therapeutic interventions for preventing viral infection and transmission.     

GC-MS/MS法分析不同规格卷烟主流烟气醛酮类成分释放量

为考察细支、中支和常规卷烟主流烟气中醛酮类成分的释放特征,建立了同时测定卷烟主流烟气95种醛酮类香味成分的气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)法,采用相同烟丝配方卷制细支、中支和常规规格卷烟,检测主流烟气8种低分子量醛酮类刺激性成分和95种醛酮类香味成分.通过单因素方差分析(ANOVA)筛选出差异化合物.结果表明:①...