基于DSP的车载点烟器弹出力测量系统设计

点烟器目前已经成为汽车的必备品,其机械性能对于驾乘安全与用户体验至关重要。针对汽车厂商实际需求,设计一套专业、高效的车载点烟器弹出力测量系统,从而对其机械性能进行有效检验与评估。本系统从功能实现角度可理解为一个基于嵌入式系统的集数据采集、数据分析等功能于一体的电子系统。系统以TI公司专用于控制、测量领域的TMS320F2812系列DSP芯片为核心处理器设计采集系统,利用Visual Basic 6.0开发环境设计上位机用户操作平台。结合系统所要实现功能给出完整的解决方案,详细介绍了硬件电路的工作原理及系统固件和用户端软件的设计实现。系统最终进行了工业级实测,实现了对点烟器弹出力多周期高精度的测量,利用上位机软件可以对测量结果进行显示、分析与存储。     

基于机器视觉的香烟小包装外观质量检测系统

讨论了基于机器视觉的香烟小包装外观质量在线检测系统总体方案的设计,并针对香烟小包装流水线的具体情况,分别对香烟小包的检测位置以及图像采集方案进行了探讨.文中采用了一种用于香烟包装质量检测的快速图像匹配算法,并利用开源计算机视觉库OpenCV进行算法实现,仿真实验结果表明,该图像匹配算法计算速度快、检测精度高,满足香烟包装质量检测的需要.     

Revisiting the Factor Structure of the Questionnaire on Smoking Urges.

This study assessed the factor structure of the Questionnaire on Smoking Urges (QSU), a commonly used assessment of cravings for cigarettes, with a sample of smokers presenting for treatment in a smoking cessation trial. On the basis of previous research, three confirmatory factor analytic models were tested. Model 1 hypothesized a 26-item, 2-factor model using the items reported in the original QSU analysis by S. T. Tiffany and D. J. Drobes (1991). Model 2 hypothesized a 12-item, 2-factor model comprised of the 6 most robust items found in each of the 2 factors of the original factor analysis. Using the 12 items from Model 2, Model 3 hypothesized a 12-item, 1-factor model. The 2nd model was found to fit the data best. Reliability was also tested using values obtained in this 2nd model, and these estimates were found to be reasonably good. Future research directions for the QSU are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Immediate Antecedents of Cigarette Smoking: An Analysis of Unrestricted Smoking Patterns.

Theory suggests that cigarette smoking is under stimulus control and that affect is a key trigger for smoking. A previous study (S. Shiftman et al., 2002) showed little relationship between affect and smoking, but this relationship could have been suppressed by the impact of smoking restrictions. The study evaluated these associations in a 1988 sample that was subject to few smoking restrictions. Smokers (N = 28) not seeking treatment used palmtop computers to record context and affect prior to smoking (n = 2,217 observations) and also at random times when not smoking (n = 2,380). Comparisons showed little relationship between smoking and affect. Smoking was associated with particular activities and locations. Urge to smoke was the strongest predictor of smoking. The results replicated the findings of S. Shiffman et al. (2002). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Self-affirmation reduces smokers' defensiveness to graphic on-pack cigarette warning labels.

Objective: Little is known about how smokers respond to graphic images depicting the health consequences of smoking. The authors tested whether smokers respond defensively to such images and whether allowing them to self-affirm reduces their defensiveness. Design: Young smokers (N = 87) were randomly allocated to self-affirm or perform a control task prior to viewing 4 images intended for future use on cigarette packs in the European Union. Measures were taken immediately postexposure and after 1 week. Main Outcome Measures: Participants rated each image for threat and personal relevance. Once all 4 images had been viewed, they completed measures of intentions, self-efficacy, and perceived behavioral control for reducing cigarette consumption, negative thoughts and feelings about smoking, personal vulnerability to 6 smoking-related diseases, desire to quit, and plans to quit. At the 1-week follow-up, measures of self-reported smoking and desire to reduce consumption were taken. Results: Relative to controls, self-affirmed participants rated the images as more threatening and personally relevant, and they reported more negative thoughts and feelings and higher levels of control, self-efficacy, and intentions. Risk level moderated the effect of self-affirmation on relevance and intentions: Self-affirmation increased ratings on both measures among those who smoked more. In addition, self-affirmation moderated the threat-intention relationship, which was weaker in the self-affirmed group. At follow-up, motivation to reduce consumption remained higher in self-affirmed participants, but there were no differences in reported consumption. Conclusion: Self-affirmation can promote less defensive responding even to visual material about well-established health risks such as smoking. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

VAc-BA/BBM接枝共聚乳液型高速卷烟接装胶粘剂的研制

本文研制开发出可取代进口且适合我国国情的高速卷烟接装胶粘剂。通过中试生产、质量检测及用户使用表明，产品质量稳定，技术可靠，满足高速卷烟滤嘴粘接要求。原材料为：聚乙烯醇（PVA），云南维尼纶厂生产；醋酸乙烯（VAC），北京有机化工厂生产；丙烯酸丁酯（BA），北京东方化工厂生产；聚合单体（BBM）、聚合单体（BBP）、乳化剂（OP－10和OB－12）、过硫酸铰、NaHCO。、增塑剂、链调节剂、消泡剂等均为工业品或化学试剂。在装有电动搅拌器、回流冷凝器的四口烧瓶中，加入定量的PVA及水，升温至90℃，搅拌下溶解，降温至45～…     

Ethnic pride and self-control related to protective and risk factors: Test of the theoretical model for the strong African American families program.

Objective. To test a theoretical model of how ethnic pride and self-control are related to risk and protective factors. Design. A community sample of 670 African American youth (mean age = 11.2 years) were interviewed in households. Main Outcome Measures. Measures of cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and sexual behavior (lifetime to past month). Results. Structural modeling analyses indicated parenting was related to self-control and self-esteem, and racial socialization was related to ethnic pride. Self-control and self-esteem variables were related to levels of deviance-prone attitudes and to perceptions of engagers in, or abstainers from, substance use and sexual behavior. The proximal factors (behavioral willingness, resistance efficacy, and peer behavior) had substantial relations to the criterion variables. Participant gender and parental education also had several paths in the model. Results were generally similar for the 2 outcome behaviors. Conclusions. In this population, self-esteem and self-control are related to parenting approaches and have pathways to attitudes and social perceptions that are significant factors for predisposing to, or protecting against, early involvement in substance use and sexual behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A methodological study of cigarette brand discrimination.

To test the comparative discriminability of the recognition judgment method and an affective (like-dislike) judgment method of brand discrimination, 246 regular cigarette smokers were divided into two groups, and each group member was given one of the 'Big Three' cigarettes with brand name obscured. Members of one group made a recognition judgment; members of the other made a 'like-dislike' judgment. Analysis of variance showed that (1) both types of judgment were made with better than chance accuracy, (2) the like-dislike judgment was slightly but not significantly more sensitive than the recognition judgment, (3) the distribution of responses for each type of judgment was radically different. "It was suggested that… the use of affective judgment… merits further study." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

盘纸加香在进口卷烟盘纸替代中的应用

采用气相色谱/质谱法分析国产和进口卷烟盘纸对卷烟主流烟气成分的影响,研究国产卷烟盘纸加香后卷烟产品和进口盘纸卷烟产品主流烟气成分及感官质量的差异。实验结果表明,国产盘纸替换进口盘纸后,卷烟主流烟气成分中低分子醛、酮类物质含量减少,卷烟感官质量下降;加香后的国产盘纸卷烟样品主流烟气成分和感官质量和进口盘纸卷烟样品较一致,加香后的国产盘纸可作为进口盘纸的替代品。     

YP11.81型横向收集机提升装置的改进应用

横向收集机卡烟十分严重,条烟卡坏后造成了大量的原辅材料消耗,增加了生产成本。为此对横向收集机提升装置进行了重大改进,通过引入条烟到位提升工作原理,设计了提升器控制凸轮、凸轮连杆机构、电磁铁离合机构和气缸驱动提升机构,并将提升器行程改为65mm,改进了电控系统。通过一系列的创新和改进,优化了该设备的原理和结构。改造后,卡烟现象大为减少,节约了大量原辅材料,降低了生产成本,取得了较好经济效益。