PROFINET技术控制的条箱烟输送系统

条、箱烟输送系统是整个卷烟自动化生产过程中必不可少的一部分,是衔接条包、封箱、入库等生产工艺过程的纽带.介绍了目前国内烟厂普遍采用的条箱烟输送形式及概况;针对设计原理、技术上的优点、先进性等方面着重介绍了采用工业以太网技术（PROFINET）控制的条、箱烟自动化输送系统.     

影响PASSIM卷烟机重量控制精度因素探讨

详细分析了PASSIM 70 0 0型卷接机组中影响烟支重量控制精度的各种因素 ,其中有系统本身设计不完善的原因 ,也与原辅材料的情况、设备自身状况以及现场使用与维护有很大关系。针对此 ,提出了如下改进方法 :①供丝系统采用电子齿轮控制 ;②改进放射源供电及温度控制 ;③改进劈刀控制方式 ;④增加紧头自动调整功能 ,另外正确地使用和维护对于提高烟支重量控制精度也具有一定的作用     

基于智能图像识别的烟盒包装质量快速检测系统的研究

提出一种基于智能图像识别技术的烟盒包装瑕疵检测方法,将图像处理为灰度值矩阵后,通过感兴趣区域和 Sobel 算子边框查找法进行瑕疵快速识别。提出一种基于机器学习和 SVM s 模式识别的分级算法,实现包装瑕疵的快速分类。建立了盒装香烟包装质量检测系统模型,验证所提算法具有正确识别率高和误判率合理等优点,对构建基于智能图像识别的产品检测系统具有一定的工业参考价值。     

A brief abstinence test for college student smokers: A feasibility study.

Cigarette smoking among college students is prevalent and correlated with other unhealthy behaviors. Reinforced abstinence (e.g., contingency management) has been demonstrated to be an effective method for reducing substance use in a variety of populations and across a variety of drugs, including cigarettes. Reinforced abstinence has seldom been used specifically targeting a college student population. A Brief Abstinence Test (BAT) has been used to effectively reduce cocaine use among methadone maintenance patients (Robles, Silverman, Preston, Cone, Katz, Bigelow, & Stitzer, 2000). However, no published studies have investigated the use of a BAT to reduce the use of cigarettes. The current study implemented a 3-week intervention (Baseline 1, BAT, and Baseline 2 weeks) for smoking abstinence among college students. Forty-two percent of the sample met abstention criteria during the BAT. Carbon monoxide and urinalysis scores decreased significantly from Baseline 1 to the BAT phase but did not differ significantly from BAT to Baseline 2. These results suggest that the BAT may have utility initiating abstinence in both clinical and research contexts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Boiling points of the propylene glycol + glycerol system at 1 atmosphere pressure: 188.6–292 °C without and with added water or nicotine

Abstract

In electronic cigarettes (“electronic nicotine delivery systems”, ENDS), mixtures of propylene glycol (PG) and/or glycerol (GL; aka “vegetable glycerin”, VG) with nicotine are vaporized to create a nicotine-containing aerosol. For a given composition, the temperature required to boil the liquid at 1 atmosphere must be at least somewhat greater than the boiling point (BP). The use of ENDS is increasing rapidly worldwide, yet the BP characteristics of the PG?+?GL system have been characterized as the mixtures; here we re-do this, but significantly, also study the effects of added water and nicotine. BP values at 1 atmosphere pressure were measured over the full binary composition range. Fits based on the Gibbs–Konovalov theorem provide BP as a function of composition (by mole-percent, by weight-percent, and by volume-percent). BPs of PG?+?GL mixtures were then tested in the presence of additives such as water (2.5 and 5?mol% added) and nicotine (3?mol%). Water was found to decrease the BP of PG?+?GL mixtures significantly at all compositions tested, and nicotine was found to decrease the BP of PG?+?GL mixtures containing ～75 GL: 25?PG (by moles) or more. The effect of added water (5, 10, and 15?mol% added) on electronic cigarette degradation production (some aldehydes and formaldehyde hemiacetals) was examined and found to have no significant impact on solvent (PG or GL) degradation for the particular device used.     

Immediate Antecedents of Cigarette Smoking in Smokers With and Without Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Preliminary Study.

Using ambulatory methods for 1 day of monitoring, the authors of this study investigated the association between smoking and situational cues in 63 smokers with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and 32 smokers without PTSD. Generalized estimating equations contrasted 682 smoking and 444 nonsmoking situations by group status. Smoking was strongly related to craving, positive and negative affect, PTSD symptoms, restlessness, and several situational variables among PTSD smokers. For non-PTSD smokers, the only significant antecedent variables for smoking were craving, drinking coffee, being alone, not being with family, not working, and being around others who were smoking. These results are consistent with previous ambulatory findings regarding mood in smokers but also underscore that, in certain populations, mood and symptom variables may be significantly associated with ad lib smoking. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

宽幅高速低雾度BOPP高收缩烟膜工艺研究

研究了宽幅高速双拉设备制取的BOPP高收缩烟膜在生产及储存过程中雾度的变化情况。对比分析拉伸倍率、拉伸温度、定型温度、横拉出口冷却温度对BOPP收缩膜雾度变化的影响,结果表明:在相同的配方条件下,采用低拉伸温度、高拉伸倍率、低定型温度、低冷却温度,可制得低雾度BOPP高收缩烟膜,且雾度不会随着时间推移而明显的增大。     

Deposition of lead and cadmium released by cigarette smoke in dental structures and resin composite

Cigarette smoke is a significant source of cadmium, lead, and toxic elements, which are absorbed into the human organism. In this context, the aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the presence of toxic elements, cadmium, and lead deriving from cigarette smoke in the resin composite, dentine, and dental enamel. Eight cylindrical specimens were fabricated from resin composite, bovine enamel, and root dentin fragments that were wet ground and polished with abrasive paper to obtain sections with 6‐mm diameter and 2‐mm thickness. All specimens were exposed to the smoke of 10 cigarettes/day during 8 days. After the simulation of the cigarette smoke, the specimens were examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis. In the photomicrographic analysis in SEM, no morphological alterations were found; however, the microanalysis identified the presence of cadmium, arsenic, and lead in the different specimens. These findings suggest that the deposition of these elements derived from cigarette smoke could be favored by dental structures and resin composite. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

气动法卷烟烟丝与烟支分离装置的研制

针对卷烟质量检验过程中,现有的卷烟烟丝的分离方法对烟丝结构破坏较大,对卷烟质量检测结果影响较大等问题,研究设计了一种气吹式烟支夹紧的分离装置。该装置是根据卷烟滤嘴和烟丝部分透气性不同的特点,实现对烟丝的气吹分离。实验结果表明,与现有卷烟烟丝的手剥和裁切分离方法相比,经该装置分离后的烟丝含末率分别降低约18%和8%。该装置的研制为实际卷烟品质的准确检测,提供了一种新的烟丝分离方法和设备。     

不同卷烟烟丝热分解特性研究

采用热重分析仪对市售5种品牌的卷烟烟丝的热分解特性进行实验研究。研究结果表明:烟丝的热解大致经历了4个阶段,失重主要发生在第3阶段,即烟草中大分子难挥发性化合物的分解过程。不同类型的卷烟其烟丝的热分解过程基本相同,热分解速率差别不大,烤烟型热分解速率相对较大,混合型和雪茄型依次减小;国内与国外生产的烤烟型和混合型卷烟虽然工艺有差异,但热分解特性基本相同;实验中空气氛的流动状态对烟丝的热分解速率有明显影响,流动空气氛中烟丝的热分解速率明显增大。