CCD相机调制传递函数的测试原理分析

对于CCD相机的空间分辨率特性,通常用调制传递函数来表征.基于调制传递函数理论分析值与具体的实验测试值存在差别,分别对分辨率板在焦平面所成的像与CCD像元之间的偏移量和积分时间内被摄物体与相机的相对运动产生的像移对相机调制传递函数的影响进行了分析.讨论了调制传递函数与对比调制传递函数之间的联系和区别.     

不同像素尺度下太阳表面米粒结构相关跟踪算法的有效性分析

在太阳自适应光学系统中,观测系统探测器所探测到的太阳米粒结构的对比度与探测器像素尺度（探测器的像素尺寸与系统焦距之比）有关。根据互相关因子算法和绝对差分算法的原理,通过比较理想情况时探测器所探测到的太阳表面米粒结构对比度与提取整体倾斜信号后长曝光图像的对比度,考察了不同像素尺度下相关跟踪算法的有效性,并给出了根据所采集的图像得出的实验结果。结果表明探测器的像素尺度越小,利用相关跟踪算法矫正像差越有效。     

硅基液晶（LCOS）与电光特性

文章以向列相液晶的弹性理论和Jones矩阵方法为研究基础,给出了90°MTN模式的电压-反射率实验曲线,概述了硅基液晶（LCOS）所使用的反射式显示模式的电压开态特性。对红、绿、蓝三色光,给出了90°MTN和SCTN两种模式的电压-反射率特性曲线,强调了电压开态下的色散效应。对于5V的暗态工作电压,给出了TN-ECB-1和45°MTN两种模式对比度随盒厚的变化曲线。     

展宽器中非对称光谱剪切对输出脉冲对比度的影响

在展宽器中,光谱的剪切情况非常重要,它直接影响输出脉冲的质量.以Offner展宽器为例,参照以往建立的光线追迹模型,建立了分析展宽器中光谱剪切的模型.发现当展宽器的参数确定好后,光栅放置的位置对激光脉冲光谱剪切有非常重要的影响.当光栅相对于光轴中心对称放置时,展宽器容许通过的光谱相对于激光中心波长将是非对称分布的,即此时在展宽器中发生的光谱剪切为非对称光谱剪切,在神光II第9路拍瓦激光装置中,这种非对称光谱剪切将使输出脉冲对比度下降一个数量级.为了使展宽器中通过的光谱相对于激光中心波长对称分布,需要将光栅相对于光轴非中心对称放置.     

近场光学中成象衬度机制的研究

本文从理论上研究了收集式近场光学显微镜中的成角衬度问题。采用三维时域有限差分法计算了光学近场区域亚波长尺度的电磁场分布。计算表明;利用ｐ偏振光成象可以得到样品的形貌衬度,而利用ｓ偏振光成象可以得到样品形貌的边缘象。该结果为近场光学显同镜中的图像解释及新仪器的开发提供了理论依据。     

基于暗原色先验去雾原理的红外图像伪彩化增强方法研究

根据雾天红外图像的分析和判读需要,提出了一种新的预处理方法---基于暗原色先验去雾原理及HIS空间的伪彩变换方法。该方法应用于雾天红外灰度图像的处理时,可以显著增强目标与背景之间的对比度。实验表明,该方法可以较好地对雾天红外图像进行增强与显示。与传统的图像增强方法相比,该方法更有利于在雾天条件下对掠海飞行目标及海面目标的红外图像进行分析与判读。     

合作目标与背景温度对比度的确定

在对武器装备中的红外系统进行靶场测试时,需要确定合作目标与背景的温度对比度.以作为测量基准.以测温热像仪摄取的图像为基本信息,基于目标与背景温度对比度的定义,参考常规检测和选取方法,结合合作目标的特点编制了确定温度对比度的软件,得出温度对比度的具体数值.通过实验测试,分析了不同选取方法对温度对比度的影响,对靶场测试等实际应用有参考价值,也为进一步建立各参数与温度对比度之间的关系模型提供了基础.     

Intraperitoneal Administration of Biointerface‐Camouflaged Upconversion Nanoparticles for Contrast Enhanced Imaging of Pancreatic Cancer

Pancreatic cancer has one of the highest fatality rates of all diseases, but poor drug availability after intravenous (IV) administration has hindered the diagnosis and treatment of patients. Herein, the authors report a novel strategy, combining intraperitoneal administration and phosphatidylcholine‐camouflaged NaLuF₄:Yb,Tm/NaLuF₄/NaDyF₄ upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP@PC) to gain the enhanced dual‐modal imaging (upconversion luminescence/magnetic resonance imaging) of orthotopic pancreatic cancer. Remarkably, the authors observe a 16‐fold improvement in the efficacy of utilization promoted intraperitoneally administered UCNP@PC in monitoring orthotopic pancreatic cancer compared with IV approach. Benefiting from modification with phosphatidylcholine, a major component of cell membranes, the optimized nanostructures show excellent biocompatibility and are rapidly excreted via the bile pathway after their intraperitoneal administration. The integration of the advanced design of UCNP@PC and the optimal drug administration route also give a general strategy for the advanced diagnosis and treatment of a series of intraperitoneal cancers.     

建设类高职人才培养模式比较研究

建设类高职与国内建设类中职比较，所掌握的基本理论，基础知识，尤其是基本技能的含量和水平不同；与国内建设类大学比较，人才类型不同，与以英国和澳大利亚为代表的CBET比较，与以加拿大和美国为代表的CBE比较，与以德国为代表的“双元制”比较，有共同之点，也有不同之处。为确保建设类高职人才培养模式的实效，应采取的主要策略是观念策略，专业策略，课程内容,实践教学策略，师资建设策略。     

How neutral coloured backgrounds affect the attractiveness and expensiveness of fresh produce

The colour of the background on which products are presented may affect their perceived attractiveness. In order to find out on which type of background various fresh food products look most attractive, we presented five different vegetables (tomato, carrot, yellow bell pepper, eggplant, mushroom) on five different backgrounds with neutral grey colours varying in degree of blackness: 5, 30, 50, 65, and 90%. Forty-six participants provided colour matches for the vegetables and evaluated them on 10 attributes.Overall, the blackness of the backgrounds had little or no effect on the perceived colour of the vegetable. Only for carrots we found a small but significant difference, mainly between the 5% and 90% blackness backgrounds. On the darkest background, the carrot would be perceived as a bit lighter, more saturated, and more yellow rather than red, compared to the lightest background.Differences in perceived attractiveness on the grey backgrounds varied between 0.3 and 1.0 units on a 9-point scale. Attractiveness and expensiveness ratings for most vegetables were highest on the 90% blackness background. In comparison to our previous study where we presented vegetables on hued backgrounds, differences between mean attractiveness ratings were smaller. Because mean attractiveness ratings in the current study were higher, we expect that grey backgrounds are more likely to present vegetable assortments with a variety of hues in an attractive way than hued backgrounds.