水利对粮食生产贡献率的认识与思考

针对目前很多人对农业科技进步贡献率和水利对粮食生产贡献率的不同认识,从发展历程、概念内涵、测算思路方法等方面,剖析了二者差异,认为二者在测算范围上存在大口径与小口径的差异,在测算对象上存在增量与总量的差异,在测算指标上存在产值与产量的差异,在测算方法上存在余值法与有无对比法的差异,为正确认识这两个指标提供了参考。     

基于边际贡献的销售绩效考核设想

怎样对产品种类繁多、产品盈利能力差别很大的企业销售人员进行绩效考核，正确评价这些销售人员的业绩，是生产产品种类繁多、产品盈利能力差别很大的企业人力资源管理面临的一个重要课题。本文试图通过建立基于边际贡献的销售绩效考核体系这一方法，给相关类似企业提供一点思路。     

可编程控制器应用于铁合金电炉配料系统

介绍了用于热兑法配料系统的可编程序控制器的组成、料批重量误差补正、控制方法，并介绍系统的应用程序。     

电力行业标准研制贡献大数据分析

本文从标准大数据分析的意义和研究现状出发,研究一种“电力行业标准研制贡献大数据分析”的理论与方法,最终形成电力行业标准大数据服务的示范性成果：以中国南方电网有限责任公司为例的电力行业标准研制贡献大数据实证分析。     

粮食作物对化肥的需求分析

根据相关文献资料,综述化肥在保障我国粮食安全中的作用与贡献,分析与预测实现2010年、2015年、2020年粮食总产目标所需新增化肥的数量。根据近5年来我国粮食生产中出现的问题,指出要保障我国粮食安全,除了继续发展化肥工业,增加化肥用量之外,国家应采取其他相应措施,包括稳定粮食作物的种植面积(至少应维持在11 000万hm2水平);调整粮食价格,保护农民种粮积极性;改善农田基本生产条件,推行节水灌溉技术,促进粮食均衡增产;适度提高粮食净进口份额等等。单纯依靠增加化肥的投入,实现国内粮食供需平衡,不仅代价太大(包括资源、环境和成本代价),市场和农民也不一定能够接受。     

基于规范变量残差的化工过程微小故障检测与诊断

微小故障因其幅值低而易被噪声和过程扰动所掩盖,并且会随时间慢慢演变成过程中的严重故障.因此,微小故障的检测和诊断变得越来越重要.为了更有效地监测和诊断微小故障,提出了基于规范变量残差的化工过程微小故障检测和诊断方法.首先,对Hankel矩阵执行奇异值分解来获得主元和残差空间并根据过去和未来数据的差异,求得两个不同的规范...     

Individual finger contribution in submaximal voluntary contraction of gripping

The objective of this study was to evaluate individual finger force and contribution to a gripping force, the difference between actual and expected finger forces and subjective discomfort rating at 10 different submaximal voluntary contraction (%MVC) levels (10–100% in 10 increments). Seventy-two participants randomly exerted gripping force with a multi-finger force measurement system. The individual finger force, gripping force and discomfort increased as %MVC levels increased. The middle and ring fingers exerted more force and contributed to a gripping force more than the index and little fingers due to their larger mass fractions of the digit flexor muscles. It was apparent at <50% MVC; however, the index finger increased its contribution and exerted even more force than expected at more than 50% MVC. Subjective discomfort supported the results of the objective measures. This could explain the conflicting findings between index and ring fingers in previous finger contribution studies.

Statement of Relevance: Hand tool design is of special interest in ergonomics due to its association with musculoskeletal disorders in the hand. This study reveals a different contribution pattern of the fingers in submaximal voluntary contraction of gripping exertion.     

Correction and evaluation of the effect due to parasitic motion on primary accelerometer calibration

Primary accelerometer calibration is carried out under the assumption that a vibration exciter gives a rectilinear motion to an accelerometer to be calibrated. However practical vibration given by the vibration exciter includes parasitic motion such as transverse, rocking, and bending motion. Such parasitic motion would give two serious effects on primary calibration results, transverse motion effect and vibration distribution effect. Transverse motion effect is caused by an inner product of the vectors of both transverse motion and transverse sensitivity. On the other hand, the vibration distribution effect is caused by relative motion between a sensing point of accelerometer and a spot sensed by the interferometer. As these effects have close interaction between parasitic motion and measuring instruments, it would be very difficult to evaluate them by measuring independently each component.     

基于K-means聚类算法和智能电表数据的居民峰值负荷概率估计模型

为解决低压变电站容量长期规划中,居民负荷的随机波动性导致峰值负荷难以准确估计问题,本文提出了一种基于K-means聚类算法和智能电表数据的居民峰值负荷概率估计模型,此方法以解决以往确定性峰值负荷估计难以衡量估计误差问题.首先,根据家庭人口数将居民分为两大类,即中小规模居民和大规模居民;其次,基于K-means聚类算法多...