Insights into the 3D In Vitro Permeability and In Vivo Antioxidant Protective Effects of Kiwiberry Leaf Extract: A Step Forward to Human Nutraceutical Use

Actinidia arguta (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq. (kiwiberry) leaves are a source of phenolic compounds with pro-health biological effects, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Despite the huge number of studies reporting the composition of A. arguta leaves, no in vitro or in vivo studies explore its potential use as nutraceutical ingredient based on these activities. Therefore, this study aims to characterize the safety profile of kiwiberry leaf extracts using in vitro and in vivo approaches through the assessment of intestinal cell viability (Caco-2 and HT29-MTX), 3D intestinal permeation, and, most important, the redox markers, biochemical profile and liver and kidney function effects after the animal assays. Briefly, wistar rats were orally treated for 7 days with kiwiberry leaf extracts (50 and 75 mg/kg bw), water (negative control), or vitamin C (positive control). The cell viability was above 90% at 1000 μg/mL for both cells. Coumaroyl quinic acid and rutin achieved a permeation higher than 25% in the 3D intestinal model. The animal studies confirmed the extracts’ ability to increase superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase content in animals’ livers and kidneys while simultaneously decreasing the triglycerides content. This study highlighted the antioxidant capacity of kiwiberry leaf extracts, ensuring their efficacy and safety as a nutraceutical ingredient.     

微藻规模化培养研究进展

随着全球人口的增长,粮食生产逐渐呈现供不应求的局面,与此同时,日趋下降的环境质量也在迫使传统的食品供应体系发生改变。微藻中含有丰富的宏量营养素和生物活性物质,不仅可以为人体提供营养,而且具有抗氧化、抗菌、免疫调节等功能,作为潜在的食品原料新来源,受到越来越多的关注。本文综述了微藻的特征及可食用种类,详细介绍了微藻蛋白、多不饱和脂肪酸、多糖和其它生物活性物质的生理活性功能,深入讨论了其在替代肉类蛋白、补偿减盐食品风味、抑菌防腐和功能性食品开发方面的应用潜力及前景,总结了其在食品应用中现存的问题与挑战,展望未来的发展方向,旨在为微藻类食品的开发和食品新资源的探索提供理论参考。

     

环介导等温扩增技术快速检测肉及肉制品中的牛源性成分

本文以牛源性线粒体细胞色素B(cyt B)基因为模板,采用软件Primer Explorer Version 4设计并筛选出LAMP特异性扩增引物,通过反应体系优化建立了肉及肉制品中牛源性成分的环介导等温扩增技术检测方法,对该方法的灵敏度、特异性以及稳定性进行了验证,同时采用国标方法和商品化检测试剂盒对市售的12种牛肉及牛肉制品进行对比检测。结果表明该检测方法具有高灵敏度、高特异性和高稳定性,适用于实际的生鲜肉制品及加工肉制品中牛源性成分的鉴定。      

微波真空膨化山楂片工艺参数优化研究

为确定膨化山楂片的最佳工艺,在单因素实验的基础上,采用响应面法（RSM）优化膨化山楂片的工艺。分析了初始含水量、真空压力、微波强度三个因素对膨化山楂片的膨化度、感官评分两个指标的影响;测定膨化过程中山楂片的营养成分变化和物理特性变化,得出微波膨化山楂片最佳工艺。结果表明,在初始含水量35%±0.5%、真空压力-74 k Pa、微波强度31 W/g时,膨化度为1.663±0.235,感官评分为6.382±0.521;研究发现,膨化过程中山楂片的活性成分VC、黄酮、花色苷均有不同程度的降低,硬度和咀嚼性增加,弹性和粘附性降低;扫描电镜图片显示膨化过程中山楂组织结构由致密变为疏松。      

河鲀加工及保鲜技术的研究进展

河鲀肉质细嫩,味道鲜美,具有高蛋白低脂肪的特点,营养价值高。近年来,河鲀的经济价值不断提升,为了加快实现河鲀资源的全方面高值化综合利用,本文从营养成分、加工现状和保鲜技术三个方面对河鲀进行研究,详细综述了河鲀中氨基酸、脂肪酸等营养成分的组成,对国内外河鲀食品开发和活性物质提取的研究现状进行了总结,并对河鲀保鲜过程中常用的物理保鲜技术、生物保鲜技术以及超高压、电解水、臭氧水等新型保鲜技术及其应用情况进行分析,指出当前保鲜技术中存在的不足,最后对河鲀未来保鲜研究方向提出展望,以期为延长河鲀的货架期提供科学参考。     

Comparative study of neural networks and least mean square algorithm applied to the optimization of cosmetic formulations

In this work, a comparative study between two methods to acquire relevant information about a cosmetic formulation has been carried out. A Design of Experiments (DOE) has been applied in two stages to a capillary cosmetic cream: first, a Plackett–Burman (PB) design has been used to reduce the number of variables to be studied; second, a complete factorial design has been implemented. With the experimental data collected from the DOE, a Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) have been utilized to obtain an equation (or model) that could explain cream viscosity. Calculations have shown that ANN are the best prediction method to fit a model to experimental data, within the interval of concentrations defined by the whole set of experiments.     

The two-tier tissue reinforcing and toughening mechanism caused by dual-granularity Si powders ingredient,and dielectric properties in reaction bonded and sintered reaction bonded Si3N4 porous ceramics

With the rapid development of hypersonic vehicles and broadband wave-transparent radome, Si₃N₄ porous ceramics (Si₃N₄-PC) have attracted attention due to their excellent intrinsic properties of Si₃N₄ and high porosity. However, its high porosity results in low strength and toughness, which are fundamental properties for radome. Reaction bonded (RB) Si₃N₄-PC has advantages of dielectric properties and cost over general phase transformation sintering (PTS) and sintered reaction bonded (SRB) Si₃N₄-PC while it has been neglected in recent years. In this study, RB and SRB Si₃N₄-PC prepared by non-aqueous gelcasting and the influence of Si powders ingredient on their properties are discussed in order to illuminate the potential of RB Si₃N₄-PC in wave-transparent materials. The results show that RB Si₃N₄-PC with dual-granularity ingredients of 5 μm & 45 μm produces a two-tier tissue of framework of coarse whiskers enhanced by a network of tiny whiskers. SRB Si₃N₄-PC evolves into a two-tier tissue of framework of columnar and rod-like grains joining together to brace each other. The two-tier microscopic tissue strongly reinforces and toughens the structure and results in higher σ_F and γ_wof. As a result, the RB and SRB Si₃N₄-PC of dual-granularity of 5 μm & 45 μm obtain the maximum σ_F of 109.94 MPa and 119.56 MPa as well as maximum γ_wof of 990.74 J m^-2 and 1167.88 J m^-2, respectively. Furthermore, the ε′ and tanδ of RB and SRB Si₃N₄-PC of dual-granularity of 5 μm & 45 μm are about 4.20 and 4.52 as well as 7.01 × 10^-3 and 22.90 × 10^-3, respectively. It is concluded that RB Si₃N₄-PC of dual-granularity has good mechanical and dielectric properties, which are favorable for radome.     

视黄醇及其衍生物的载体结构及其在化妆品中的应用

视黄醇对皮肤具有祛斑抗皱、祛痘、抗衰老的作用.但作为化妆品原料,视黄醇存在许多缺点和局限性——初次使用会带来烧灼感、结痂、脱屑等刺激反应,容易氧化变性.因此,为弥补视黄醇及其衍生物的缺陷,研究者利用微胶囊、胶柬、凝胶等载体对其进行包载,缓解视黄醇对皮肤的刺激,延长了视黄醇产品的使用寿命.对视黄醇及其衍生物的载体结构和它...     

两个Galaxamide环五肽类似物的合成

以亮氨酸和苯丙氨酸为起始原料,改变其环合位点,优化其合成路线,合成了两个Galaxamide环五肽类似物,其环合收率近50%。使用反相HPLC进行分离纯化,通过1HNMR、13CNMR和MS对其结构进行表征。     

美白酸性成分化学修饰的研究进展

随着天然药物化学的发展,美白酸性活性成分以其独特的优越性受到重视。化学修饰不但可以提高美自功效,而且弥补了这类物质用于化妆品时存在的不足。本文就目前国内外对这类酸性活性成分的研究成果作一个简要的综述。