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71.
Pattern generation for carpets is an expensive and time-consuming task that requires skills, imagination, and creativity. In recent years, interactive genetic algorithm (IGA) has been successfully utilized in generating patterns in different fields such as architecture, graphic art, and music among many others. In these applications, fitness functions cannot mathematically be defined, and the fitness value of each pattern combination is required to be evaluated by designer. Therefore, IGA can be utilized to serve as an effective tool to accelerate the design process. In the present work, a modified IGA is developed to generate patterns for machine-made carpets. Each pattern consists of a set of basic elements. Some basic pattern elements are collected, categorized, and coded as gene values. In each generation, new population is formed on the basis of observer's evaluation. All generated patterns are simultaneously shown for observer to assign a fitness value to each one. Hence, a new population can be achieved using the genetic algorithm. Our results show that acceptable patterns can be obtained after a limited number of generations. The system is designed in such a way that it can be used by unprofessional users. 相似文献
72.
In this study, the effects of drying parameters and conditioning on the mechanical properties of latex‐backed carpet were investigated. Mechanical properties clearly correlated with the lowest moisture content (MC) experienced by samples in either drying or conditioning. Lowering MC was necessary to develop mechanical properties; however, the highest mechanical properties were achieved at the highest latex temperature, indicating that raising latex temperature can improve mechanical properties. The effect of conditioning on mechanical properties depended on the MC of the latex backing at the end of drying. 相似文献
73.
Prior research has shown that carpets assist walking thereby reducing the incidence and injury severity of falls, and that visual cues can assist walking. However, little attention has been given to the ability of visual cues in carpets to assist walking. Design guidelines were developed for the colouring and patterning of carpet to provide visual cues to assist walking. The guidelines took into account age-related visual impairments, and were applied in the preparation of a carpet. The designed carpet was compared with two carpets of standard designs in an impaired walking trial. The trial subjects reported a significant preference for walking on the designed carpet, suggesting that appropriate design of carpets can increase their contribution to the well-being of older people and others with impaired walking. 相似文献
74.
Komeil Nasouri;Fatemeh Sadat Mousavi;Simin Ahmadi; 《加拿大化工杂志》2024,102(1):102-112
Recycling post-consumer carpet waste is a critical consideration for decreasing the environmental hazard of non-biodegradable plastics. Therefore, the manufacturing of activated carbon fibres (ACFs) from post-consumer carpet waste treated with KOH was modelled and optimized by the response surface methodology (RSM). The simultaneous effects of carbonization rate, pyrolysis temperature, and activation time on the performance of carpet waste-based ACFs were studied. Box–Behnken design (BBD) was applied to study the influence of three significant processing parameters on the carbon yield and iodine adsorption of synthesized ACFs. The RSM analysis established that pyrolysis temperature was the most important parameter affecting the ACFs' performance. The optimum settings that led to the production of high carbon yield and iodine adsorption of ACFs were a carbonization rate of 5.4°C/min, pyrolysis temperature of 705.7°C, and activation time of 83 min. The carbon yield and iodine adsorption under the above conditions were obtained at 49.8 ± 0.9 wt.% and 1351 ± 45 mg/g, respectively. BBD has been established to be a powerful approach in modelling and optimization to achieve high-quality of iodine adsorbents from carpet wastes. 相似文献
75.
Based on the enthalpy-porosity technique, a model of thermal conduction accompanied with solidification and melting processes is developed and numerically analyzed to investigate the thermal response of the brick wall filled with phase change materials (PCM). The thermal response, which is represented by indoor wall surface temperature response, of brick wall filled with PCM is evaluated and compared with that of solid brick wall. The effects of PCM filling and its filling amount on thermal response of brick wall are investigated and discussed. It is indicated that, compared to the common solid brick wall, the thermal storage of brick wall filled with PCM is elevated by the alternate process of melting and solidification under fluctuating outdoor temperatures. The use of PCM in the brick walls is beneficial for the thermal insulation, temperature hysteresis and thermal comfort for occupancy. In addition, with the increasing filling amount of PCM, the fluctuation of indoor wall surface temperature is significantly smoothed. Correspondingly, the hysteresis in response to the outdoor temperature fluctuation is enhanced. Moreover, the present model is verified by experimental data available in the literature. 相似文献
76.
Günay Yildiz Güçlü Insel Emine Ubay Cokgor Derin Orhon 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2008,83(1):34-40
BACKGROUND: Carpet manufacturing and finishing with purely synthetic fibers has received relatively little attention, compared to other textile processing types. This study evaluates the biodegradation kinetics of organic compounds generated from polyamide‐based carpet manufacturing. RESULTS: Experiments were conducted on pre‐washing and dyeing/softening wastewater effluents. Model evaluation of oxygen uptake rate profiles with dual hydrolysis kinetics revealed that the soluble slowly hydrolysable chemical oxygen demand (COD) was the major fraction, constituting nearly 97% of the biodegradable COD and 78% of total COD content. Degradation of the slowly hydrolysable COD fraction was characterized with a rate coefficient of 0.72 day?1, a significant rate limiting step for substrate utilization. Model simulation of system performance indicated that an unusually long hydraulic retention time was required for an activated sludge system to reduce the effluent COD concentration. CONCLUSION: Compared to domestic wastewater, two additional hydrolysable COD fractions with different degradation kinetics were characterized. The dyeing and softening step had the highest slowly biodegradable organic matter content, with the lowest degradation rate. Simulation results showed that soluble slowly hydrolysable COD degradation did not cause any problem in terms of effluent quality. With the system operated under reduced solids retention time, the effluent COD quality was significantly influenced by the slow hydrolysis rate of soluble hydrolysable matter. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
77.
In this study, the main purpose is to predict the useful life of woolen hand-knotted carpets using multivariate multiple regression. Thickness loss of surface pile yarns and compression toughness index were chosen as representative of the compression properties. Also, color difference index (ΔE) of pile yarns, tuft size index, and evenness of texture index were considered as representative of the appearance characteristics. Eighteen woolen hand-knotted carpet samples (symmetric knot) with different structural specifications were produced. The carpet samples were subjected to 4000, 8000, and 12000 drum revolutions (wear factor) using a Hexapod tumbler tester and functional properties of samples were investigated in original and worn out carpet samples. At first, the effective variables were selected using multivariate test, and then multivariate analysis of variance was used for evaluating the significance of obtained models. Optimal separate equations of the functional properties on hand-knotted carpets were determined through multivariate multiple regression method. Reverse model of wear factor can be considered as a proper equation to predict the useful life of carpets. 相似文献
78.
79.
介绍了由无机防水粉料与土工布材料经针刺复合而成的防水毯的性能特点,并结合工程实例介绍了其在屋面防水翻修工程中的应用和施工方法。 相似文献
80.