基于物联网技术的太湖蓝藻水华预警平台

针对以往藻类水华预测系统在数据源方面存在的不足,采用物联网技术,实现基于三层网络传输结构的监测体系,保证了数据的时间连续性;并对遥感水质参数定量反演方法、中程无线传感网络技术和藻类水华预测预警模型方面进行了改进。在此基础上,开发了太湖蓝藻预测预警平台,运行结果表明蓝藻水华未来3天的平均预测精度达到了80%以上。     

用M-IEMS改善重轨钢大方坯中心碳偏析和组织

以 2 8 0mm× 32 5mm重轨钢大方坯的试验数据为依据 ,分析了电磁搅拌参数和连铸工艺参数对铸坯中心碳偏析以及铸坯的低倍结构的影响 ,采用M IEMS以及与连铸工艺参数的合理匹配 ,能明显改善铸坯的中心碳偏析和铸坯的内部组织结构     

轧制规程对初轧切损的影响

在包钢初轧厂１１５０ｍｍ初轧机上,进行了不同轧制规程轧制Ｂ８．４ｔ沸腾钢锭生产２５０ｍｍ×２５０ｍｍ方坯的试验,以确定最小的切尾长度．用铣床对试件尾部纵向断面做了解剖,测定了试件尾部的内部缺陷尺寸和合适的切尾量．结果表明：改进轧制方式对降低钢锭切尾损失是高度显著性因素,其显著性水平α＝０．００５．改进轧制方式可提高方坯收得率１．２４％以上．     

Two dimensional deformation characteristics of bloom CC with liquid core reduction

A two-dimensional model was applied to simulate the liquid core reduction(LCR) technology of bloom CC using ANSYS software.The deformation characteristics of bloom under different liquid fraction and reducing amount are obtained.The results indicate that the main deformation condition of bloom shell is compressive strain,mainly undertaken by the liquid core,which increases with the enhancement of reducing amount.Solidified shell takes minor deformation.The longitudinal section of bloom appears sunken and the narrow side bulges,which grow serious when the liquid fractionincreases.     

Cyanobacteria,Cyanotoxins, and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Dangerous Liaisons

The prevalence of neurodegenerative disease (ND) is increasing, partly owing to extensions in lifespan, with a larger percentage of members living to an older age, but the ND aetiology and pathogenesis are not fully understood, and effective treatments are still lacking. Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are generally thought to progress as a consequence of genetic susceptibility and environmental influences. Up to now, several environmental triggers have been associated with NDs, and recent studies suggest that some cyanotoxins, produced by cyanobacteria and acting through a variety of molecular mechanisms, are highly neurotoxic, although their roles in neuropathy and particularly in NDs are still controversial. In this review, we summarize the most relevant and recent evidence that points at cyanotoxins as environmental triggers in NDs development.     

Applications of milk-fat fractions in confectionery products

Incompatibilities between fats limit the use of modified milk fat in confectionery applications. To further enhance the use of milk-fat fractions in chocolates and compound coatings, a better understanding of mixed crystallization effects between lipids is required. Recent work documents that highmelting fractions incorporated into chocolates drastically reduce bloom formation and cause less softening than anhydrous milk fat. Isosolids diagrams for mixtures of cocoa butter and milk-fat fractions show that softening occurs due to both dilution effects and a slight eutectic formation. Incorporation of milk-fat fractions into palm kernel oil-based coatings shows some differences with results in chocolates. Milk fat and its fractions cause significant bloom formation in these coatings, as compared to the control, and cause significant softening. However, both milk fat and milk-fat fractions are fully compatible with palm kernel oil, based on isosolids diagrams. Softening occurs only because of dilution effects, rather than eutectic formation. Further work is necessary to understand the effects of milk-fat fractions on bloom formation in compound coatings. Presented at the 1995 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo, San Antonio, Texas, May 1995.     

珠海旋沟藻赤潮水样对其他微藻生长的影响

2009年10月25～30日中国珠海发生面积超过300 km2的大规模旋沟藻赤潮.于2009年10月29日作者采集赤潮区水样,对水样中浮游植物进行分析鉴定,研究旋沟藻赤潮水样对中肋骨条藻、海洋原甲藻和赤潮异弯藻生长的影响,揭示旋沟藻赤潮对海洋浮游植物群落结构的影响.研究发现,赤潮水体中,旋沟藻细胞密度为3.15×106 L-1,占浮游植物总密度的73.26%,是绝对优势藻种.旋沟藻赤潮水样对海洋原甲藻和赤潮异弯藻生长抑制作用明显;但对骨条藻生长不但没有明显抑制,且具有一定促进作用.赤潮水样中的抑藻物质主要存在于细胞滤液中,是一种具有水溶性和热稳定性的胞外物质.     

丝状藻响应温度变化的生长及功能特性

针对近年来丝状蓝藻水华的频繁暴发问题,研究了3种常见丝状藻生长对温度的响应以及生长与功能特性间的关系。结果表明：温度由15℃增加至30℃,拟柱孢藻比生长速率由0.28 d^-1增加为0.70 d^-1,光合活性（F_v/F_m）在0.40~0.61范围内波动,单位藻细胞溶解性总氮（DTN）和溶解性反应磷（SRP）消耗量也分别增加了6.36 mg-DTN/mg-Chl.a、0.15 mg-SRP/mg-Chl.a;伪鱼腥藻比生长速率从0.12 d^-1到0.60 d^-1,F_v/F_m在15℃时达到最低,为0.12,单位藻细胞氮磷消耗量也分别增加了21.72 mg-DTN/mg-Chl.a、1.71 mg-SRP/mg-Chl.a;水华束丝藻比生长速率从0.20 d^-1到0.44 d^-1,F_v/F_m受影响较小,单位藻细胞氮磷消耗量也分别增加了12.29 mg-DTN/mg-Chl.a、0.83 mg-SRP/mg-Chl.a。温度升高都会促进3种丝状藻生长,拟柱孢藻易在大于30℃高温下形成优势;伪鱼腥藻温度适应范围广,但温度低于15℃会抑制伪鱼腥藻生长;水华束丝藻最佳生长温度为25℃,并可在15℃时取得优势,耐低温能力较强。另外,丝状藻可通过权衡藻细胞生理特性以维持不同温度下的生长优势。     

拉坯速度对连铸大方坯凝固的影响

结合现场研究,利用显式有限差分法计算出不同工艺条件下的铸坯凝固情况;进行了拉坯速度对出结晶器坯壳厚度、铸坯表面温度、铸坯凝固终点位置和铸坯质量影响的模拟分析研究.模拟结果表明,拉速对铸坯表面温度和凝固终点的影响较大,随拉速的增大,表面温度升高,出结晶器坯壳厚度减薄,铸坯液相穴拉长.