Anaerobic digestion of alkaline black liquor using an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor

The anaerobic digestion of alkaline black liquor from a cereal straw pulping mill was studied in batch (serum bottles) and continuous systems (up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor—UASB). The batch digestion studies confirmed that lignin and related compounds (LRC) in the alkaline black liquor were the main inhibitory substances and could not be decomposed by anaerobic bacteria. At organic loading rates of 5–10 kg COD m^?3 day^?1, the UASB reactor achieved 50–60% COD removal efficiencies. Gas production was 2–3 dm³ per dm³ of alkaline black liquor. Two different sludge types were examined in the reactor: granular and cluster-like sludges. Sludge in a cluster, which involved many small granules and flocs, tended to form larger aggregates and possessed good settling ability.     

仿石瓷质砖包裹颗粒的制备新工艺

本文分析了当前流行的仿石瓷质砖包裹颗粒制造方法的弊端,并通过改进设备和采用新的工艺方法,研制出仿石效果更佳的产品,这样既提高了颗粒的包裹效率,又降低了生产成本。     

The comparative effect of a mixed urea,ammonium nitrate,ammonium sulphate granular formulation on the efficiency of N recovery by perennial ryegrass

The¹⁵N isotope was used to study the mode of action of individual nitrogen sources in a 30% urea:30% ammonium nitrate: 10% ammonium sulphate:30% filler (w/w) granular fertilizer for perennial ryegrass in a greenhouse pot experiment. The fertilizer consisted of two types of granules, one containing 80% urea and 20% filler and the second containing 48% ammonium nitrate (AN), 16% ammonium sulphate (AS) and 36% filler. In addition the effect of dolomite compared with silica as the filler was investigated on nitrogen recovery from the 30:30:10:30 formulation.Dolomite adversely affected the recovery of nitrate N from the system and evidence suggested that MgCO₃ was the active component. Granules containing dolomite resulted in a lower dry-matter yield than those containing silica, however the difference was not significant as nitrate contributed only 20% of the N in the formulation. AN gave the greatest DM yield and urea the lowest with AS being intermediate. The¹⁵N budget in shoots, roots and soil indicated that only 65% of the N from urea was recovered at the end of the experiment compared with 86% for AN and 91% for AS. The dry-matter yield of the 30:30:10:30 formulation using silica as the filler was intermediate between urea and AN; however, the apparent N recovery was significantly higher than expected from the sum of the individual components. The use of¹⁵N labelling indicated that using separate granules for ammonium N and urea the recovery of urea was improved by 11% in the triple N mixture when both AN and AS were present in the second granule compared to the recovery on its own. The enhanced recovery of urea appeared to be a function of AN and AS acting together as neither source in double combination with urea had any effect on urea N recovery.Urea enhanced the recovery of nitrate N by 10% but decreased the recovery of AS by 6% (in the 30:30:10:30 formulation) in comparison with the single sources on their own. The results indicate that interactions can occur between N sources even when they are physically separated by being in different granules.     

线粒体肌病超微结构特征研究

目的：结合线粒体肌病超微结构变化的特征，探讨该病的病因和可能的发病机制。方法：对2例线粒体肌病患者腓肠肌活检组织进行光镜和电镜超微病理观察。结果：发现病变肌纤维超微结构变化丰富，线粒体内类结晶包涵体形态独特，肌纤维间存在脂滴沉积，糖原颗粒聚集和异形吞噬体。结论：线粒体内不同形态的类结晶包涵体可能代表了不同种蛋白质的堆积，或是同一种蛋白质异常合成的不同时期的表现；脂滴沉积和糖原颗粒的异常增多，是继发于线粒体功能的障碍所致，进而出现形吞噬体的自我保护性反应。     

TATB颗粒温压成形PBX的初始细观损伤

用X射线微层析成像(X-μCT)技术无损研究了TATB造型颗粒经单、双向钢模温压(UWDC和BWDC)法和软模温等静压(IWSC)法成形的高聚物粘结炸药(PBX)三维微细结构特征。结果表明,单向、双向压法压成的PBX内部存在初始细小裂纹和一些残余孔隙。初始损伤尺度范围从百微米至毫米。在相同温度(85℃)和压力(90 MPa)下,UWDC和BWDC法可产生初始细观损伤,但IWSC法能避免初始细观损伤。     

响应面法优化顶空固相微萃取分析茉莉加香颗粒挥发性成分

目的 建立顶空固相微萃取(headspace-solidphasemicroextraction,HS-SPME)分析茉莉加香颗粒挥发性成分的检测方法。方法 采用HS-SPME和气相色谱-质谱法(gaschromatography-massspectrometry,GC-MS),以总峰个数为指标,在选定萃取头的基础上,采用单因素实验法分析萃取温度、萃取时间、解吸时间对萃取效果的影响,根据单因素实验结果运用Box-Benhnken中心组合实验设计响应面优化萃取条件,并在最优萃取条件下对茉莉加香颗粒挥发性成分进行分析鉴定。结果 50/30μmDVB/CAR/PDMS萃取头对茉莉加香颗粒挥发性成分萃取效果较好;响应面法得到最佳萃取条件为萃取温度62℃,萃取时间26.5min,解吸时间2.6min。在最佳条件下茉莉加香颗粒共检测出61种挥发性成分,占流出组分总量的87.97%,其中酯类16种、烯烃类21种、烷烃类7种、醛酮类3种、酚类1种、醇类2种、杂环类1种、其他类10种。结论 本研究建立了茉莉加香颗粒挥发性成分的检测方法,此方法快速准确,为加香颗粒挥发性成分的检测研究提供技术支撑。     

Suppression of CCT3 Inhibits Tumor Progression by Impairing ATP Production and Cytoplasmic Translation in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Heat shock proteins are highly expressed in various cancers and exert critical functions in tumor progression. However, their expression patterns and functions in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain largely unknown. We identified that chaperonin-containing T-complex protein-1 subunit 3 (CCT3) was highly expressed in LUAD cells and was positively correlated with LUAD malignancy in the clinical samples. Animal studies showed that silencing CCT3 dramatically inhibited tumor growth and metastasis of LUAD. Proliferation and migration were markedly suppressed in CCT3-deficient LUAD cells. Moreover, the knockdown of CCT3 promoted apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Mechanistically, the function of glycolysis was significantly inhibited and the total intracellular ATP levels were reduced by at least 25% in CCT3-deficient cells. In addition, the knockdown of CCT3 decreased the protein translation and led to a significant reduction in eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (EIF3G) protein, which was identified as a protein that interacts with CCT3. Impaired protein synthesis and cell growth in EIF3G-deficient cells were consistent with those caused by CCT3 knockdown in LUAD cells. Taken together, our study demonstrated in multiple ways that CCT3 is a critical factor for supporting growth and metastasis of LUAD, and for the first time, its roles in maintaining intracellular ATP levels and cytoplasmic translation are reported. Our novel findings provide a potential therapeutic target for lung adenocarcinoma.     

微波提取荔枝多糖及冲剂的研制

采用正交试验法优化了微波提取荔枝多糖的条件,研究了多糖冲剂制备工艺,并用苯酚-硫酸法对荔枝多糖冲剂中多糖含量进行测定.结果表明,以水为溶剂,荔枝多糖最佳提取条件为:提取时间10min,微波功率为640 W,液料比为9∶1.荔枝多糖冲剂配方为:粗多糖∶可溶性淀粉∶甜蜜素为1∶4∶0.04,冲剂中多糖含量为6.226%.