玉米谷蛋白功能性质研究

该研究对谷蛋白功能性质进行测定,并与大豆分离蛋白相关性质进行比较,结果表明:玉米谷蛋白具有良好吸水性、持油性、湿润性、凝胶性;但持水性较差,乳化能力略低于大豆分离蛋白;并介绍玉米谷蛋白功能性质及其在食品中应用。     

溴百里香酚蓝作指示剂原子荧光光谱法测定食品中的铅

研究了氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定食品中铅的酸度控制.对样品溶液进行酸度调节后补加酸的方法来准确控制酸度,并确定样品溶液的最佳酸度为0.18mol/L,铅的浓度在5～4 0μg/L范围内呈现线性,相关系数达0.9999,RSD为0.22%,检出限为0.1 5μg/L,回收率为98.3%～104.6%.所拟方法用于米粉、奶粉、橡子淀粉、木耳、香菇等样品测定,结果满意.     

绞股蓝开发研究新进展及应用

介绍国内外绞股蓝食用价值及药用价值的研究动态,分析绞股蓝的化学成分、药理作用及抗肿瘤机理,提出绞股蓝在食品行业的一些新的应用前景,研究表明,绞股蓝具有较大的开发价值。     

早餐食品安全的社会性规制问题——基于网络曝光的33个事件分析

早餐对于国民健康有至关重要的意义,随着早餐种类愈加丰富,消费者如何选购健康、安全的早餐愈加困难。基于扎根理论,分析早餐市场混乱的深层原因,并探索通过食育来培养消费者食品安全意识的途径,以减少食品安全事件的发生。运用NVivo11软件对33个食品事件进行归纳分析,研究结果表明早餐市场混乱的浅层原因为食品安全法律体系不完善,深层原因为消费者食品安全意识薄弱,可通过社会规制从根本规范早餐市场:鼓励经营者诚信经营,进而合法经营;通过食育中的饮食教育提升国民食品安全意识,促进食品市场的有序性。     

G蛋白偶联雌激素受体研究进展及在食品功能评价中的应用

大量研究结果证明,尽管植物化学物、中草药和植物雌激素类化合物都具有丰富性、多样性,但是在结构和功能上却显示出很多共性——几乎都具有雌激素类功能.研究还发现,大多数植物雌激素类化合物均能与雌激素受体(estrogen receptors,ERs),特别是ERα和ERβ相识别,进一步与核受体超家族形成互作网络,调节细胞核中...     

Conceptualizing “free-from” food consumption determinants: A systematic integrative literature review focused on gluten and lactose

BackgroundGluten- and lactose-free products are registering a sudden rise in the market, particularly among tolerant people, and this leads to consumer confusion and nutritional inadequacies. The number of studies around this trend has steadily increased in the last 10 years, as scholars from different disciplines have tried to rationalize consumers’ behaviours in these foods’ choice. However, the scientific debate appears fragmented and lacks an integrated view.ObjectivesWe conducted a systematic integrative review of consumers’ determinants of gluten-free and lactose-free consumption to frame the state of the art and research gaps.Methods45 English language articles reporting quantitative empirical studies ranging from 1971 and 2019 were analysed. First we categorized the consumption determinants in six factors applying the model proposed by Koster and Mojet, then we proposed a new integrated conceptualization inspired by Bronfenbrenner’s Transtheoretical Model. Moreover, differences and similarities between tolerant and intolerant consumers will be highlighted.ResultsResearch on intolerant consumers focused more on individuals’ determinants, in terms of awareness, trust, morality, and capability to read nutritional facts (as purchase facilitators); while studies targeting tolerant consumers focused more on objective product characteristics (with price and availability in supermarkets as barriers for consumption). In this target the subjective perspective has been studied only referring to the risk for developing psychological issues in the restrictive diet.ConclusionAs information is lacking in the scientific debate, we suggest for future research the integration of consumers’ subjective implicit levers to decipher free-from purchase behaviours.     

金花茶不同部位化学成分差异分析

目的 比较防普、越南、大叶金花茶叶、花两个部位化学指纹图谱差异, 分析其化学成分类型及部分有效成分含量差异, 为合理开发和利用金花茶提供依据。方法 采用超高效液相色谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography, UPLC)建立防普、越南、大叶金花茶叶和花的化学指纹图谱; 利用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2012版)计算不同部位共有峰和相似度, 并分析各部位特征峰; 利用SPSS 23.0, 采用成对样本t检验, 对叶和花间不同化学成分含量差异进行比较。结果 在320和210 nm波长下, 防普金花茶叶和花的相似度分别为0.504、0.054; 越南金花茶叶和花的相似度分别为0.151、0.478; 大叶金花茶叶和花的相似度分别为0.069、0.748, 3个品种金花茶的叶和花相似度均较低。各部位不同化学成分含量结果显示：防普金花茶花中金丝桃苷、叶中二氢槲皮素含量最高 且花和叶中绿原酸、二氢槲皮素、水杨酸、芹菜素含量差异达到显著水平(Sig<0.05); 越南金花茶花中牡荆素、叶中水杨酸含量最高,且叶和花中绿原酸、牡荆素、水杨酸、芹菜素含量差异达到显著水平(Sig<0.05); 大叶金花茶花中牡荆素、叶中二氢槲皮素含量最高,且花和叶中没食子酸、表儿茶素含量差异达到显著水平(Sig<0.05)。结论 3个品种金花茶叶和花化学成分和含量均存在显著差异, 叶和花在药理活性和功效上各有侧重, 药用和食用过程中应根据实际情况筛选使用。     

Natural Antifungal Peptides/Proteins as Model for Novel Food Preservatives

A large range of ingredients for food and food products are subject to fungal contamination, which is a major cause of destruction of crops, exposure of animals and humans to invasive mycotoxins, and food spoilage. The resistance of fungal species to common preservation methods highlights the necessity of new ways to increase the shelf life of raw material for food and food products. Antimicrobial peptides and proteins (AMPs) are essential members of the immune system of most living organisms. Due to their broad range of activity and their stability to commonly used food processes, they represent promising alternatives to traditional preservatives. However, despite the growing number of reports of potential food applications of these AMPs, the number of approved peptides is low. Poor solubility, toxicity, and a time‐consuming extraction are hurdles that limit their application in food products. Thanks to a deep understanding of the key determinants of their activity, the development of optimized synthetic peptides has reduced these drawbacks. This review presents natural and synthetic antifungal peptides/proteins (AFPs), effective against food‐related fungi, with particular emphasis on AFPs from plant sources. The design of novel antifungal peptides via key elements of antifungal activity is also reviewed. The potential applications of natural and synthetic AFPs as novel antifungal food preservatives are finally discussed.     

QuEChERS-UPLC-MS/MS测定焙烤食品中4种链格孢菌毒素

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定焙烤食品中4种链格孢菌毒素(腾毒素、链格孢菌酚、交链胞酚单甲醚、细交链胞菌酮酸)快速检测方法。样品经乙腈-0.1 mol/L盐酸溶液超声萃取,萃取液经QuEChERS净化处理,在RP18色谱柱(2.1 mm×100mm,1.7μm)上以乙腈和1 mmol/L碳酸氢铵为流动相梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾离子源、正负离子多反应监测模式检测,外标法定量。结果表明,4种待测物在相应的浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数均大于0.999;方法定量限(S/N≥10)为0.03～0.3μg/kg;进行3个水平的添加回收实验,平均回收率(n=6)为83.2%～105.3%;相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为1.2%～6.4%。应用本方法检测45个焙烤食品样品,4种真菌毒素均有检出。其中24份样品检出AME,含量为0.1～4.6μg/kg;6份样品检出AOH,含量为0.47～1.5μg/kg;27份样品检出Te A,含量为0.6～3.7μg/kg;9份样品检出TEN,含量为0.3～2.1μg/kg。     

常用保健食品中可能的非法添加物质分析

我国保健食品经历30多年的収展,目前已经功能齐全、种类繁多。其中辅助降血糖、辅助降血脂等几类常用保健食品倍受欢迎。在市场需求量和利润的驱使下,一些商家和不法分子不顾国家法律规定,向保健食品中添加一些国家严令禁止的物质,以增加其功效。这些非法添加物质往往有很多毒副作用,给人体健康带来潜在的风险。本文明确保健食品定义、分类,阐述我国保健食品的功能类别,重点分析几类常用保健食品中可能的非法添加物质,为保健食品监管提出合理化建议。