栏栅式山溪取水工程取水特性的试验研究

通过水工模型试验,对栏栅式山溪取水工程的取水特性进行了研究,探讨了在有足够大的集水廊道的前提下,该取水工程的潜在取水能力。结果表明,在影响栏栅取水量的诸因素中,栅条长度、栅隙和栏栅的设置角度对取水量的影响程度不同;其取水量主要由栏栅的设置角度决定,而栅条长度和栅隙对取水量的影响程度较小;栏栅的设置角度小于50°时,栏栅有较大的引水比,栏栅的设置角度大于50°后,栏栅的引水比大幅度下降。     

具有螺旋进气道的内燃机进气系统三维流场的数值模拟研究

利用三维、可压、粘性和湍流流动模型,采用SIMPLE数值计算方法,对具有螺旋进气道的柴油机进气系统三维流场进行了研究。研究发现,由于进气道斜坡的作用,气流在螺旋气道内部就已形成旋流;螺旋进气道斜坡段产生的气流角动量和缸壁的导流是气流在缸内形成旋流的主要原因;随着气体逐渐远离气阀,缸内小旋涡与主旋流逐步融合。     

空气阀排气性能分析

空气阀是长距离输水系统中必不可少的设备,担负着管道充水排气,事故、正常停机进气及排气,水锤防护等多项任务,其选型合理与否对工程安全运行影响较大。分析了空气阀排气性能实测资料与公式计算结果的差异,提出应根据实测资料选择空气阀。     

ABAQUS软件在高进水塔动力分析中的应用

结合进水塔工程实例,利用大型商业有限元分析软件ABAQUS完成了进水塔的动力分析,着重研究了进水塔结构的自振特性和地震响应,验证了进水塔的强度要求,分析了进水塔结构的抗倾覆及抗滑移稳定性。在计算结果的基础上并提出了设计修改意见,为工程设计提供了依据。     

Critical Review on Fatty Acid-Based Food and Nutraceuticals as Supporting Therapy in Cancer

Fatty acids have an important place in both biological and nutritional contexts and, from a clinical point of view, they have known consequences for diseases’ onset and development, including cancer. The use of fatty acid-based food and nutraceuticals to support cancer therapy is a multidisciplinary subject, involving molecular and clinical research. Knowledge regarding polyunsaturated fatty acids essentiality/oxidizability and the role of lipogenesis-desaturase pathways for cell growth, as well as oxidative reactivity in cancer cells, are discussed, since they can drive the choice of fatty acids using their multiple roles to support antitumoral drug activity. The central role of membrane fatty acid composition is highlighted for the application of membrane lipid therapy. As fatty acids are also known as biomarkers of cancer onset and progression, the personalization of the fatty acid-based therapy is also possible, taking into account other important factors such as formulation, bioavailability and the distribution of the supplementation. A holistic approach emerges combining nutra- and pharma-strategies in an appropriate manner, to develop further knowledge and applications in cancer therapy.     

Possible Role of GnIH as a Novel Link between Hyperphagia-Induced Obesity-Related Metabolic Derangements and Hypogonadism in Male Mice

Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) is a reproductive inhibitor and an endogenous orexigenic neuropeptide that may be involved in energy homeostasis and reproduction. However, whether GnIH is a molecular signal link of metabolism and the reproductive system, and thus, regulates reproductive activity as a function of the energy state, is still unknown. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of GnIH in glycolipid metabolism and reproduction in vivo, and in the coupling between these two processes in the testis level. Our results showed that chronic intraperitoneal injection of GnIH into male mice not only increased food intake and altered meal microstructure but also significantly elevated body mass due to the increased mass of liver and epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), despite the loss of testicular weight. Furthermore, chronic intraperitoneal administration of GnIH to male mice resulted in obesity-related glycolipid metabolic derangements, showing hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance through changes in the expression of glucose and lipid metabolism-related genes in the pancreas and eWAT, respectively. Interestingly, the expression of GnIH and GPR147 was markedly increased in the testis of mice under conditions of energy imbalance, such as fasting, acute hypoglycemia, and hyperglycemia. In addition, chronic GnIH injection markedly inhibited glucose and lipid metabolism of mice testis while significantly decreasing testosterone synthesis and sperm quality, inducing hypogonadism. These observations indicated that orexigenic GnIH triggers hyperphagia-induced obesity-related metabolic derangements and hypogonadism in male mice, suggesting that GnIH is an emerging candidate for coupling metabolism and fertility by involvement in obesity and metabolic disorder-induced reproductive dysfunction of the testes.     

隔河岩电站进水闸位移的前馈网络预测模型

通过对清江隔河岩水电站进水闸的位移监测资料的分析，发现进水闸顶的位称过程线呈多峰型曲线，应用常规统计模型所建立的预测模型其精度不够理想，在对大坝安全监测资料进行物理推断分析的基础上，针对水电站进水闸顶位移建立了基于前馈人工神经网络模型的预测模型，对闸顶视准线的位移量的前馈人工神经网络模型预测研究表明，其精度较高，通过进一步的研究后可望推广到大坝安全监测实际中去。     

聚合物驱剖面返转类型及变化规律

聚合物驱过程中的注入剖面变化在注聚初期,其吸水剖面与水驱基本相同,聚合物溶液还是主要进入高渗透层,随着高渗透层渗流阻力的增加,聚合物溶液开始进入低渗透层,注入剖面得到改善.随着低渗透层聚合物溶液的不断进入,其渗流阻力增加,导致其吸水比例逐渐下降,吸水剖面出现返转.其吸水变化类型主要有一次返转型、二次或多次返转型和不返转型.通过对现场实际资料的研究表明:①在注聚过程中,各沉积单元相对吸水量往复变化;②注聚过程中,低渗透层剖面返转时机先于中渗透层;③低渗透层注聚剖面第二次返转时相对吸水量峰值低于第一次返转时的峰值;④高渗透层的厚度比例越大,聚合物调整低渗透层吸水剖面能力越差;⑤聚驱全过程中,高渗透层的累积吸水量仍大于中、低渗透层;⑥绝大多数单元的吸水剖面在吸水指数、含水下降期发生初次返转.另外,相对于一类油层聚合物驱,二类油层具有返转出现时间早于一类油层、返转幅度大于一类油层等特点.     

大型电站叠梁门分层取水进水口水力特性研究

电站进口前加设叠梁门后引起局部水流条件复杂,本文以模型试验和数值模拟为研究手段,系统阐述了叠梁门分层取水进口水流流态、门顶最小运行水深、水头损失和叠梁门反向附加水击压力等。研究表明,加设叠梁门后机组各栅孔进流较为均化,门井水面波动加大,主要引流区间在门顶以下10 m—门顶以上25 m水域,叠梁门门顶最小运行水深一般为15~30 m,进口段水头损失1.20~1.95 m(水头损失系数为0.45~1.15),较无叠梁门时增大1.11~1.63 m,对机组发电经济效益将产生一定影响,机组甩负荷对叠梁门下游面板产生的附加水击压力(2.9~3.0)×9.81 k Pa。