A review of the health effects and exposure-responsible relationship of diesel particulate matter for underground mines

The increasing use of diesel-powered equipment in confined spaces(underground mines) has the potential to over expose underground miners under the threat of diesel particulate matter(DPM). Miners in underground mines can be exposed to DPM concentrations far more than works in other industries. A great number of animal and epidemiological studies have shown that both short-term and long-term DPM exposure have adverse health effect. Based on reviews of related studies, especially some recent evidence, this paper investigated the long and short-term health effects based on animal studies and epidemiological studies. The exposure-response relationship studies were also explored and compared to the current DPM regulation or standards in some countries. This paper found that the DPM health effect studies specifically for miners are not sufficient to draw solid conclusions, and a recommendation limit of DPM concentration can be put in place for better protection of miners from DPM health risk. Current animal studies lack the use of species that have similar lung functions as human for understanding the cancer mode of action in human. And finally, the DPM health hazard will continue to be a challenging topic before the mode of action and reliable exposure-response relationship are established.     

基于弹性网络模型的蛋白质结构-功能关系

蛋白质结构-功能关系研究是结构生物学领域的热点问题之一,具有重要的理论和实际应用价值.弹性网络模型(elastic network model,ENM)是获取蛋白质结构本身固有动力学性质,进而揭示其生物学功能的有效方法,在蛋白质结构-功能关系研究中得到了广泛应用.简要介绍了ENM的基本原理及其在蛋白质结构-功能关系中的应用,主要包括蛋白质功能性运动分析和关键位点识别等.     

Support principles of NPR bolt/cable and control techniques of large-deformation disasters

Deep mining has been paid much more attention because of the depletion of shallow mining resources.Traditional bolts could be invalid to accommodate large displacement and deformation in geomaterials.Consequently, alternative support and reinforcement bolts need to be studied and their constitutive models also need to be developed to help understanding for the complex stress-strain responses of rock masses under loadings. The effect of Negative Poisson's Ratio(NPR) that is attributed to the swelling phenomenon along the lateral direction may appear in metal materials under tensional loadings. Thence NPR materials often have an advantage over NPR ones in mechanical behavior such as impact resistance, antishearing, and energy absorbed. From the characteristics of NPR materials, a series of bolt and cable supports with the effect of NPR and constant-resistance have been recently developed. We here firstly introduce the structural features of NPR support. Then the constitutive model of NPR support is presented and its corresponding equation of energy equilibrium. Its basic principle interacted on rock masses is further discussed. Finally, NPR cables are employed to support the slope of an open-pit mine. The applications show that NPR cables can ease failure within the slope and play an important role in predicting and providing early warning of slope failure, together with a monitoring system of slope stability.     

用于较大水平位移测量的电阻应变式位移传感器

针对目前位移传感器很难直接测得木结构或木构件在转动中产生较大绝对水平位移的问题,研制了量程为±500 mm的电阻应变式位移传感器（WD位移传感器）,应用正交试验法分析WD位移传感器的影响因素,并对其进行设计与制作,拟合了传感器在不同量程下应变位移的分段函数关系,通过计算得出了WD位移传感器的6种静态参数指标。试验结果表明,WD位移传感器克服了传统电阻应变式位移传感器量程小的问题,解决了木结构或木构件发生非直线运动很难直接测得绝对水平位移的问题,且各静态参数指标良好。     

钢球全表面展开机构模型建立及其运动分析

针对镜面钢球缺陷检测装置中的球体全表面展开问题,建立展开机构接触模型并对球体运动进行分析,证明展开机构结构合理可行。首先由坐标变换建立数学模型,基于Matlab对模型空间接触位置进行计算,将展开运动合理简化,得到钢球和展开轮之间转动的同步关系;其次,对展开运动过程进行等效变换,寻找传动过程中能使钢球稳定展开的最优参数关系;最后,依据迭代法对球面上点的运动轨迹进行数值仿真,获得其具体规律为偏角固定的螺旋线。最终结果表明展开机构能够实现球体的全表面展开。     

电性距离矢量和神经网络用于三唑并嘧啶磺酰胺类除草剂的QSAR研究

为了研究三唑并嘧啶磺酰胺类除草剂对乙酰乳酸合成酶(aceto lactate synthase,ALS)抑制活性(pI50)的定量构效关系,以电性距离矢量(Mk)表征了31种三唑并嘧啶磺酰胺类化合物的分子结构;利用最佳变量子集回归的方法建立了含有6个参数(M2、M10、M14、M15、M67、M85)的QSAR模型.该模型的相关系数R及交叉验证相关系数RCV分别为0.911、0.887,具有良好的稳健性和预测能力;以此6个参数为人工神经网络输入层,设定6∶3∶1的网络结构,构建人工神经网络的BP算法模型,相关系数R提升为0.988.结果表明:影响三唑并吡啶磺胺类除草剂抑制活性pI50的主要因素是-CH3、-CH2-、>C-、-O-、>N-及-X(-F,-Cl)等分子结构单元,且pI50与M2、M10、M14、M15、M67、M85呈现良好的非线性关系,为设计高活性的ALS抑制剂提供理论依据.     

Organic additive implantation onto cement hydration products

In polymer modified cementitious materials, it is hard to set up a chemical connection between the added polymer and the cement moiety. In this study FS （functional silane） was adopted to form this connection as a bridge component which has the functional group forming bonds with polymer. To testify the connection between FS and cement moiety, Q2/Q1 ratio （Qx： intensity ratio） investigation was carried out by the means of quantitative solid state 29Si MAS NMR. The results show that the Q2/Q1 ratio has increased with the addition of FS which indicates that the silicon chain length has increased, and the quantity of silicon atoms at site of Q2, chain site, has enhanced, showing that the silicon atom of FS has connected to the silicon chain of cement moiety by the bond ＂-Si-O-Si-＂ formation.     

供应链关系资本对企业创新绩效的影响研究——基于需求拉动型吸收能力的视角

针对受国外技术和市场牵引较严重的4个制造类企业,构建了供应链关系资本、需求拉动型吸收能力和创新绩效三者间的概念模型,实施问卷调查,用结构方程模型验证假设。得到的结果表明：以信任为基础的供应链关系资本能够促进企业及时获取和掌握市场信息和技术知识,从而提高创新绩效。但是,样本企业供应链关系资本中的关系承诺维度对知识吸收的促进作用有待加强;需求拉动型吸收能力的知识转化和利用环节对于创新进程的促进作用有待提高。     

ENSO事件与渭河径流变异的响应关系

为研究ENSO事件对径流变异的影响,以渭河干流华县水文站和支流北洛河状头水文站的还原年径流流量之和作为渭河流域出口流量,采用其1956—2010年径流系列,分析了ENSO事件与渭河流域径流变异的响应关系.结果表明:渭河流域径流量的丰枯变化和变异与ENSO事件都有明显的对应关系,El Nio事件发生年径流偏枯概率较大,La Nia事件发生年径流偏丰概率较大.采用曼-肯德尔(Mann-Kendall)非参数统计检验方法,对渭河流域径流序列进行了变异诊断,得到变异点为1991—1992年;径流变异年份也是El Nio事件发生强烈年;采用Pearson、Kendall、Spearman法对变异点前ENSO事件的不同强度发生年月径流序列与变异年份月径流序列相关性进行检验,表明径流变异年份1991—1992年与El Nio事件年1987年,与La Nia事件年1970年、1956年和1988年在0.01水平(双侧)上显著相关,有明显的响应关系.     

师德修养与教师幸福的关系探析

师德是教师获得幸福的必要条件,是教师幸福的基础。教师幸福是师德修养深层次的体现,是师德修养的深化。关于师德修养和教师幸福的关系,在教育界一直被讨论。通过对师德修养和教师幸福内涵进行分析,进而探讨其两者的关系,从而对两者有更加深刻的理解,对于提升师德修养,增强教师的幸福感,进而对当前教育教学改革产生一定理论意义和实践价值。