川合137井大修井工艺技术浅析

在川合137井的修井作业中，运用了多种修井工具和工艺技术。通过内捞、外捞、强提、倒扣、磨铣、套铣、开钻新井眼和铣锥通井的方法，充分解放了油气层，达到了修井目的。其独特的想法、施工和自制工具的成功应用对今后大修井作业具有很高的参考价值。     

沟帮子熏鸡现代化加工工艺

沟帮子熏鸡是锦州驰名的百年美食，其对原料提出了严格的要求，采用了现代化的加工设备与工艺，使产品的色泽及口感稳定，并延长了产品的保质期。     

Synthesis of Rice Processing Plants. I. Development of Simplified Models

This article, the first of three articles on the synthesis of rice processing plants, focuses on the development of simplified mathematical models necessary for use in optimizing rice processing plants. The second concentrates on the optimal synthesis of a rice plant and the third on the sensitivity of the optimization to uncertainty in model parameters. Existing models for rice processing unit operations are not suitable for flowsheet optimization and new models need to be developed to overcome numerical difficulties that occur in optimization applications, specifically in mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) applications. Simplified models of the drying, cooling, and tempering units are developed. In addition head rice yield models, used as a quality indicator, energy consumption, and economic models were also developed. Naturally, the new models exhibit some mismatch with respect to the existing models from which they were developed. However, a sensitivity analysis, presented in Part III, has shown that the optimal flowsheet structure was not sensitive to a lack of fit between the simplified and complex models. The simplified models were found adequate to be appropriate for use at the synthesis stage.     

Optimal Control of the Primary Drying Stage of Freeze Drying of Solutions in Vials Using Variational Calculus

The problem of operating freeze drying of pharmaceutical products in vials placed in trays of a freeze dryer to remove free water (in frozen state) at a minimum time was formulated as an optimal control problem. Two different types of freeze dryer designs were considered. In type I freeze dryer design, upper and lower plate temperatures were controlled together, while in type II freeze dryer design, upper and lower plate temperatures were controlled independently. The heat input to the material being dried and the drying chamber pressure were considered as control variables. Constraints were placed on the system state variables by the melting and scorch temperatures during primary drying stage. Necessary conditions of optimality for the primary drying stage of freeze drying process in vials are derived and presented. Furthermore, an approach for constructing the optimal control policies that would minimize the drying time for the primary drying stage was given. In order to analyze optimal control policy for the primary drying stage of the freeze-drying process in vials, a rigorous multi-dimensional unsteady state mathematical model was used. The theoretical approach presented in this work was applied in the freeze drying of skim milk. Significant reductions in the drying times of primary drying stage of freeze drying process in vials were obtained, as compared to the drying times obtained from conventional operational policies.     

An application of chemometric techniques to analyze the effects of the wave function modifications on the intermolecular stretching frequencies of the hydrogen-bonded complexes

Factorial design and principal component models are used to determine how ab initio H-bond stretching frequencies depend on characteristics of the molecular orbital wave functions of acetylene–HX, ethylene–HX and cyclopropane–HX π-type hydrogen complexes with X=F, Cl, CN, NC and CCH. The results obtained for the three sets of complexes show that factorial design and principal component analyses complement each other. Factorial design calculations clearly show that these frequencies are affected mostly by inclusion of electron correlation on the calculation level. On average, their values are increased by about 25 cm⁻¹ due to a change from the Hartree–Fock (HF) to Möller–Plesset 2 (MP2) level. Valence, diffuse and polarization main effects as well as valence–diffuse, diffuse–correlation and polarization–correlation interaction effects are also important to better describe a factorial model to the H-bond stretching frequencies of these hydrogen complexes. This simplified model has been successful in reproducing the complete ab initio results, which correspond to two hundred and forty calculations. Principal component analyses applied only to hydrogen-bonded complexes whose experimental frequencies are known, has revealed that the six-dimensional original space can be accurately represented by a bidimensional space defined by two principal components. Its graphical representation reveals that the experimental intermolecular stretching frequencies are in closest agreement with the MP2/6–31+G and MP2/6–311+G ab initio results.     

用Delphi实现快速删除TList的批连续结点算法的探讨

在编制遥测数据处理软件的过程中，面对大量的测试数据，经常需要编写高效率的数据过滤器。本文讨论了一种通过采用跨单元、跨类访问Delphi类的私有域的方法实现快速删除TList批连续结点的新算法，并通过测试结果得到验证。     

Scheduling Algorithms for Packet-Oriented MAC Protocols in Wireless Multimedia Systems

Future generation wireless multimediacommunications will require efficient Medium AccessControl (MAC) protocols able to guarantee suitable Qualityof Service (QoS) levels for different traffic classes whileachieving a high utilization of radio resources. This paperproposes a new scheduling technique to be adopted at the MAClevel in wireless access systems, named Dynamic Scheduling-Time DivisionDuplexing (DS-TDD), that efficiently managesvideo, voice, Web and background traffics. A theoretical approachis proposed in this paper to evaluate the DS-TDD performance withvoice and Web traffics. Simulation results have permitted tohighlight the following promising characteristics of the DS-TDDscheme: (i) a high capacity of real-time traffics isattained with a QoS insensitive to Web and background trafficloads; (ii) a high throughput can be guaranteed whilepreserving the QoS levels of the different traffic classes;(iii) heavier downlink traffic loads do not modify the QoSof uplink traffics. Finally, extensive comparisons with differentscheduling schemes proposed in the literature have permitted tohighlight the better performanceof DS-TDD.     

偶氮聚合物光存储研究进展

着重阐明了偶氮聚合物光存储纪录的原理,分析了其双折射特性的微观机制,介绍了该课题近年来实验和理论上的最新进展,对这一充满希望和挑战的多学科交叉研究专题作了展望。     

微波干燥在气相超稳Y型分子筛制备中的应用研究

研究了微波干燥在气相超稳Y型分子筛制备中的应用。结果表明，分子筛经微波干燥后，其理化性质有所改善，结晶度提高，经气相超稳化反应后其产品结构及物化性质与传统电加热干燥后的气相超稳产品基本一致，说明微波干燥可替代传统干燥方式。与传统电加热干燥方式相比，微波干燥能缩短干燥时间，有效降低能耗。     

防止干燥塔塔顶及锥节产生焦粉的方法

描述及分析了干燥塔在生产乳粉过程中出现的塔顶及锥节焦粉现象，并提出了改进方法。