Two-component aqueous epoxy binders free of volatile organic content (VOC)

Water-borne two-pack coatings based on a novel epoxy resin emulsion, cross-linked with three different amine group containing curing agents, are discussed. The aqueous binders developed at the Research Laboratory at Dow Deutschland Inc. are free of volatile organic content. The epoxy resin emulsion has a low MFFT (minimum film formation temperature) and is hence capable of forming a continuous film at low temperatures and good emulsifying properties. The interaction is discussed between the epoxy emulsion, pigments and hardeners which are in aqueous solution, emulsion or hydrophobic (non-aqueous) form. Some of the described systems will gain interest in a wide range of applications because of their excellent properties, including adhesion to various substrates, resistance to chemicals, solvents and water, hardness and toughness. The predicted major applications for such systems include concrete, plastic and wood coatings, and anti-corrosive systems for steel and other metals.     

Capillary supercritical fluid chromatographic analysis of shark liver oils

The liver oils of six different shark species have been analyzed by supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). The liver oils were from the species Pseudotriakis microdon (False catshark), Centroscymnus coelepsis (Portuguese dogfish), Centrophorus squanosus (Leafscalp gulper shark), Deanea calceus (Birdbeak dogfish), Etmopterus princips (Greater lantern shark), and Centroscymnus crepidater (Longnose velvet dogfish). The method was capable of direct quantitation of squalene and cholesterol, while quantitation of triacylglycerols, cholesterol esters, and diacylglycerol ethers required thin-layer chromatographic fractionation prior to SFC analysis. The iodine values of the liver oil samples gave a linear correlation when plotted against the squalene content found by SFC. The variation of squalene content within one shark species is large, and there are large differences in squalene content from species to species. The squalene contents varied between 0.22 and 82.54 wt%. The identity of the glycerol ethers was investigated by SFC of the unsaponifiable matter. The major glycerol ethers contained chimyl, batyl, and selachyl alcohol.     

含环氧端基酚酞聚芳醚腈的研制

将环氧端基酚酞聚芳醚腈（简称E-PCE树脂）与环氧树脂进行共混固化，固化后树脂经DSC、TGA分析，结果表明E-PCE树脂可提高环氧树脂耐高温性能。介绍了E-PCE树脂的合成方法及最佳反应条件。     

新型紫外线固化环氧树脂/丙烯酸酯改性水性聚氨酯的合成与性能

合成了一种新型的具有高交联密度和优异涂膜性能的环氧树脂和丙烯酸酯同时改性的紫外线（UV）固化水性聚氨酯（UV-EP-AC-WPUD）。通过环氧基团与以异氰酸酯基团（-N=C=O）封端的聚氨酯预聚体之间的反应引入质量分数为4%的环氧树脂E-20。同时,通过聚氨酯链的-N=C=O与二元丙烯酸酯（PEDA）以及季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯（PETA）的羟基之间的反应引入碳碳双键（C=C）,C=C的含量达到4.65 meq·g-1。 质量分数为3%的光引发剂Irgacure 2959被用于引发涂膜中C=C的聚合,涂膜的凝胶含量在12 s UV辐射之后达到91%,意味着C=C的聚合和交联速度快,同时所得到的涂膜的交联度非常高,不溶于溶剂丙酮,测试表明环氧树脂和两种丙烯酸酯单体已经成功嵌入聚氨酯链中,涂膜具有优异的力学性能和化学性能。     

架空导线用碳纤维复合芯固化剂应用研究

将甲基四氢苯酐固化剂与柔性固化剂按一定比例复配,用于碳纤维复合芯环氧树脂基体的增韧改性。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱分析固化剂的结构;研究了固化剂对碳纤维复合芯冲击强度、卷绕性能、剪切强度及耐温性的影响。结果表明,柔性固化剂含有长链结构的柔性链段,提高了碳纤维复合芯冲击强度、卷绕性能及表观剪切强度,并且对碳纤维复合芯的耐温性影响较小。     

Kevlar纤维的表面改性研究

采用甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(TDI)和环氧树脂(EP)混合制得的表面改性剂对Kevlar纤维进行表面接枝处理,利用扫描电子显微镜观察Kevlar纤维改性前后的表面形貌及改性Kevlar纤维与弹性体间剥离界面的破坏形貌,用衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱仪分析Kevlar纤维改性前后表面化学基团的变化,研究了改性效果和机理。结果表明,TDI和EP发生了化学反应,改性剂可在Kevlar纤维表面引入活性基团,从而显著改善了Kevlar纤维与聚合物基体之间的界面粘合状态。     

碱在合成溴化环氧树脂阻燃剂中的关键作用

研究了碱在四溴双酚A和环氧氯丙烷(相转移催化条件下)缩聚生成高分子量溴化环氧树脂阻燃剂过程中的作用。结果显示:合成溴化环氧树脂过程中,分别选用四乙基溴化铵、四甲基溴化铵、聚乙二醇(分子量6,000和分子量400)等相转移催化体系,LiOH、NaOH、KOH等对环氧树脂产品(分子量、收率和Br含量)产生显著影响并且影响程度差异较大,LiOH效果最好,KOH次之,NaOH最差。碱用量以保证得到预期产品的前提下最低用量为宜。     

2种防腐工艺技术在长庆油田的应用

简述了传统环氧酚醛清漆浸涂技术和高速旋转喷涂技术的工艺原理,工艺流程、以及2种技术处理的油管在中国石油长庆油田公司的应用现状。结合实验室评价结果和具体案例,综合对比了2种工艺的使用效果,为评价2种工艺的差别提供了必要的支持,对长庆油田今后选择和确定防腐油管类型也有一定的指导意义。     

炭化温度对兰炭基成型活性炭性能的影响

兰炭末加入黏结剂混合成型,经炭化和活化制得成型活性炭.利用TG-DTG对热解过程中成型料的炭化行为进行探讨;测试不同炭化温度的成型活性炭的收率、抗压强度和碘吸附值,采用N2吸附法和红外光谱对450℃炭化成型活性炭的孔结构及表面化学性质进行表征.结果表明,炭化温度越高,成型活性炭的收率越小,抗压强度越小,碘吸附值越大.经450℃炭化、800℃水蒸气活化60 min制得的活性炭表面具有大量的羟基、羰基和烃羟基等活性基团,比表面积为384.53 m2/g,属于中孔隙发达的活性炭.     

以氨基酸的等电点判断梅拉德反应体系的pH值

以甘氨酸提供氨基、以葡萄糖提供羰基,对梅拉德反应条件之一的pH值进行了研究。实验表明:可以氨基酸的等电点(pI)判断梅拉德反应体系的酸碱环境(pH)。即:pI值是反应体系的临界值;当pH≤pI时,反应停留在中间产物阶段;当pH>pI时,反应顺利进行,并且,随着pH值的升高,反应产物变得丰富。