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81.
高效液相色谱法测定纳豆及纳豆胶囊中的大豆异黄酮含量 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
建立了纳豆及纳豆胶囊中大豆异黄酮的高效液相色谱分析方法,该方法重复性及样品稳定性良好.实验对原料黄豆、纳豆和纳豆胶囊样品采用石油醚索氏脱脂后,对固体样品进行乙醇回流提取,分析了4种大豆异黄酮组分,即大豆苷、染料木苷、大豆素和染料木素.结果表明,原料黄豆总异黄酮质量比为1 260 mg/kg,纳豆比原料黄豆总异黄酮含量明显高约30%,纳豆胶囊比原料黄豆总异黄酮含量高约11%. 相似文献
82.
83.
酶法水解豆渣制备水解蛋白工艺 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
豆渣中淀粉含量少,淀粉酶水解步骤对蛋白提取率影响不大,确定不经淀粉酶水解的水解蛋白制备工艺路线.在复合蛋白酶和风味蛋白酶的添加量均为0.1%(酶与底物的比值)时,研究酶反应的pH、水解时间、水解温度及底物浓度对蛋白提取率的影响,应用正交试验找出最佳水解条件,结果表明:pH为6.0,水解时间3h,水解温度为55℃,底物浓度为1:12(豆渣:水),在此条件下水解,蛋白提取率为55.46%,水解度为9.50%. 相似文献
84.
A novel technique for the preparation of secondary fatty amides 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Alexander Bilyk Raymond G. Bistline Jr. George J. Piazza Stephen H. Feairheller Michael J. Haas 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1992,69(5):488-491
A technique for the synthesis of monosubstituted fatty amides at low temperature and ambient pressure was developed. This
method involved the condensation of an amine with a triacylglycerol. The primary amine (ethyl,n-butyl,n-hexyl andn-octyl were tested) acted as reagent and solvent for the fatty substrates. No additional organic solvent or catalyst was added.
Tallow, vegetable oils and fish oil all served well as substrates, as did pure tripalmitin. The rate of amidation was dependent
upon temperature and the ratio of fat to amine. In a series of experiments conducted with tallow andn-butylamine at a fat:amine molar ratio of 1:16, amidation could be carried out at 20°C, producingn-butyltallowamide in 83% yield in 24 hr. When the fat:amine molar ratio was reduced to 1:8, and the temperature raised to
45°C, the amide yield was 87.6% in 24 hr. When the reaction was carried out at the boiling point ofn-butylamine (78°C) and at a fat:amine ratio of 1:8, the amide yield was 93.2% in 4 hr. The reaction progressed more rapidly
with higher molecular weight amines. The identity and purity of the amides was assessed by thin-layer chromatography and confirmed
by elemental analyses and infrared and C13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. 相似文献
85.
Soybean oil (900 g) was heated by deep frying at 200°C for 1 h with the addition of 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mL water, and
then stored at 55°C for 26 weeks. Soybean oil, corn oil and lard were heated by stir frying and then stored at 55°C for 30
weeks. The volatiles and peroxide values of these samples were monitored. All samples contained aldehydes as major volatiles.
During heating and storage, total volatiles increased 260-1100-fold. However, aldehyde content decreased from 62–87% to 47–67%,
while volatile acid content increased from 1–6% to 12–33%; especially hexanoic acid which increased to 26–350 ppm in the oils
after the storage period was completed. Water addition to the oils heated by deep frying tended to retard the formation of
volatile compounds. The total amount of volatile constituents of lard heated by stir frying increased more during storage
than that of corn oil or soybean oil. Peroxide values did not reflect the changes of volatile content in the samples. 相似文献
86.
The oxidative stabilities of one canola oil and six soybean oils of various fatty acid compositions were compared in terms
of peroxide values, conjugated dienoic acid values and sensory evaluations. Two of the soybean oils (Hardin and BSR 101) were
from common commercial varieties. The other four soybean oils were from experimental lines developed in a mutation breeding
program at Iowa State University that included A17 with 1.5% linolenate and 15.2% palmitate; A16 with 2% linolenate and 10.8%
palmitate; A87-191039 with 2% linolenate and 29.6% oleate; and A6 with 27.5% stearate. Seed from the soybean genotypes was
cold pressed. Crude canola oil was obtained without additives. All oils were refined, bleached and deodorized under laboratory
conditions with no additives and stored at 60°C for 15 days. The A17, A16, A87-191039 and A6 oils were generally more stable
to oxidation than the commercial soybean varieties and canola oil as evaluated by chemical and sensory tests. Canola oil was
much less stable than Hardin and BSR 101 oils by both chemical and sensory tests. The peroxide values and flavor scores of
oils were highly correlated with the initial amounts of linolenate (r=0.95, P=0.001). Flavor quality and flavor intensity
had negative correlations with linolenate, (r=−0.89, P=0.007) and (r=−0.86, P=0.013), respectively. 相似文献
87.
Elizabeth?Gutierrez Tong?WangEmail author 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2004,81(10):971-977
Soybeans are believed to be a rich source of sphingolipids, a class of polar lipids that has received attention for their
possible cancer-inhibiting activities. The effect of processing on the sphingolipid content of various soybean products has
not been determined. Glucosylceramide (GlcCer), the major sphingolipid type in soybeans, was measured in several processed
soybean products to illustrate which product(s) GlcCer is partitioned into during processing and where it is lost. Whole soybeans
were processed into full-fat flakes, from which crude oil was extracted. Crude oil was refined by conventional methods, and
defatted soy flakes were further processed into alcohol-washed and acid-washed soy protein concentrates (SPC) and soy protein
isolates (SPI) by laboratory-scale methods that simulated industrial practices. GlcCer was isolated from the samples by solvent
extraction, solvent partition, and TLC and was quantified by HPLC. GlcCer remained mostly within the defatted soy flakes (91%)
rather than in the oil (9%) after oil extraction. Only 52, 42, and 26% of GlcCer from defatted soy flakes was recovered in
the acid-washed SPC, alcohol-washed SPC, and SPI products, respectively. All protein products had a similar GlcCer concentration
of about 281 nmol/g (dry wt basis). The minor quantity of GlcCer in the crude oil was almost completely removed by water degumming. 相似文献
88.
Noncatalytic alcoholysis kinetics of soybean oil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mohanprasad?A.?Dasari Michael?J.?Goff Galen?J.?SuppesEmail author 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2003,80(2):189-192
Reaction kinetics for the alcoholysis of soybean oil with methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol were evaluated in the absence
of catalyst. Metal reactor surfaces catalyzed these reactions, so the reactions were conducted in glass capillary tubes at
120, 150, and 180°C. The reactivity of the alcohols increased with decreasing carbon number. Higher temperatures promoted
faster reactions. Higher alcohol stoichiometries did not significantly increase reaction rates; this was attributed to the
limited solubility of the alcohol in the soybean oil. At less than 20% conversion, the solubility of the alcohol in the oil
phase continuously increased, resulting in increased reaction rates. At approximately 20% conversion, the reaction systems
became homogeneous until a glycerine phase was formed at high conversions. In addition to their fundamental value, these data
provided a basis on which catalytic reactions can be investigated between 100 and 200°C. 相似文献
89.
Hong-Sik?Hwang Atanu?Adhvaryu Sevim?Z.?ErhanEmail author 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2003,80(8):811-815
Synthetic lubricant basestocks were prepared from epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and 2-ethylhexanol (2-EH) to be used alone
or with polyalphaolefin (PAO). Sulfuric acid-catalyzed reaction of ESO with 2-EH involves a ring-opening reaction at the epoxy
group followed by transesterification at the ester group. Reaction with other catalysts including p-toluenesulfonic acid, Dowex 50W-8X, boron trifluoride, and sodium methoxide was also examined. Pour points of the products
were observed as lows as −21 and −30°C without and with 1% of pour point depressant, respectively. When the hydroxy groups
in the products were esterified with an acid anhydride, lower pour points were observed. Pour point depression of the product
by adding PAO has been tested. Oxidative stability of the product was examined using pressurized DSC and compared with those
of synthetic lubricant basestocks, PAO, and a synthetic ester. 相似文献
90.
To determine effects of very low levels of linolenic acid on frying stabilities of soybean oils, tests were conducted with
2% (low) linolenic acid soybean oil (LLSBO) and 0.8% (ultra-low) linolenic acid soybean oil (ULLSBO) in comparison with cottonseed
oil (CSO). Potato chips were fried in the oils for a total of 25 h of oil use. No significant differences were found for either
total polar compounds or FFA between samples of LLSBO and ULLSBO; however, CSO had significantly higher percentage of polar
compounds and FFA than the soybean oils at all sampling times. Flavor evaluations of fresh and aged (1, 3, 5, and 7 wk at
25°C) potato chips showed some differences between potato chips fried in different oil types. Sensory panel judges reported
that potato chips fried in ULLSBO and aged for 3 or 7 wk at 25°C had significantly lower intensities of fishy flavor than
did potato chips fried in LLSBO with the same conditions. Potato chips fried in ULLSBO that had been used for 5 h and then
aged 7 wk at 25°C had significantly better quality than did potato chips fried 5 h in LLSBO and aged under the same conditions.
Hexanal was significantly higher in the 5-h LLSBO sample than in potato chips fried 5 h in ULLSBO. The decrease in linolenic
acid from 2 to 0.8% in the oils improved flavor quality and oxidative stability of some of the potato chip samples. 相似文献