Sensor placement for structural damage detection with modal data

A new method is presented for prioritizing sensor locations for structural health monitoring (SHM). In view of the needs of SHM and damage detection,sensor locations are optimized for the purpose of both sensitivity for local damages and independence of the target mode. However,the two different optimization criterions lead to an inconsistency of the optimal result. Considering the structural response changes that result from damage,the relationship between the structural response and damage is deduced from the structural motion equation by a quasi-analytical mode. Based on the harmony between damage identifiability and mode observability,an object function is set up,including the information of mode independence and damage sensitivity. Utilizing the technique of singular value decomposition,an interior algorithm for the optimum sensor placement is proposed with the multiple objective criterions of minimizing the condition number of coefficient matrix and maximizing the fisher information matrix. A numerical example shows that this approach can effectively avoid the contradiction between the two different optimization criterions. Comparing with the result of single object,the result of damage detection from the optical sensor locations is much more accurate.     

增强Fisher判决的Bagging集成分类方法

提出了一种样本间的相似性度量方法,并将这种相似性度量信息附加到Fisher线性判别的类内、类间离散度矩阵,使得Fisher判决准则在使类内距离迭最小、类间距离迭最大的同时,也使类内相似度迭最小、类间相似度达最大,获得比原始Fisher判剐更好的投影矩阵。实验证明,与Bagging集成的Fisherfaee比较,该方法显示出更好的识别率。     

食用色素对壳聚糖改性纤维染色性能的研究

为了研制符合食品包装要求的彩色防水纸浆模塑制品,选用食用色素对壳聚糖处理后的纸浆纤维进行染色,并在染色纸浆中加入防水剂H,讨论了防水剂质量分数对纸浆纤维防水效果和染色效果的影响。结果表明,染色温度为60℃,染料用量为0.6%(对绝干浆质量),染浴pH=3.5的条件下染色效果较好。结合生产实际,可进行常温染色,上染率达71.43%,褪色率为7.12%。防水剂的加入除能明显提高纸模制品的湿环压强度外还能改善其染色效果,添加量为5%(对绝干浆质量)时,纸模可达到较好的湿环压强度,上染率可提高到79.30%,褪色率降低为0.31%。     

磷渣粉在复合胶凝材料中的水化特性

用扫描电镜、X射线衍射和水化热测定等方法研究了磷渣粉在复合胶凝材料体系中的水化特性,并与Ⅱ级粉煤灰进行对比.结果表明:磷渣粉具有很强的缓凝特性,其缓凝性导致复合胶凝材料体系早期水化慢、强度低,但后期强度高,超过了对比粉煤灰,并存在强度最大时的最佳掺量.早期时磷渣粉可以延缓C3A的水化,AFt的生成明显减少,磷渣粉颗粒表面出现腐蚀痕迹;后期(180d)已找不到磷渣粉颗粒存在,磷渣粉颗粒几乎都全部水化,水化产物非常致密.     

肽类消化吸收方式与机制研究进展

最新研究表明,寡肽可以被小肠直接吸收,但其吸收方式是与氨基酸不同的、相互独立的转运机制。寡肽的特殊载体,通过氢离子和钙离子浓度电导的消耗能量的主动转运系统、具pH依赖性的非耗能性钠离子和氢离子交换系统和谷胱甘肽（GSH）等三种系统进行转运。食物蛋白质的品质、肽链长度与肽的氨基酸组成、生理状况等因素都会影响寡肽的消化吸收。     

矿用产品金属外壳的电磁屏蔽效能分析

对采用单层不锈钢外壳的矿用产品的电磁屏蔽效能进行了分析与计算,得出产品金属外壳的电磁屏蔽效能与采用的金属材质、厚度以及因加工工艺形成的隙缝、开孔有关,为提高矿用产品的电磁屏蔽性能提供了工程经验。     

Compressive strength and hydration of wastepaper sludge ash-ground granulated blastfurnace slag blended pastes

Compressive strength and hydration characteristics of wastepaper sludge ash-ground granulated blastfurnace slag (WSA-GGBS) blended pastes were investigated at a water to binder (w/b) ratio of 0.5. The strength results are compared to those of normal Portland cement (PC) paste and relative strengths are reported. Early relative strengths (1 day) of WSA-GGBS pastes were very low but a marked gain in relative strength occurred between 1 and 7 days and this increased further after 28 and 90 days. For the 50% WSA-50% GGBS blended paste, the strength achieved at 90 days was nearly 50% of that of the PC control paste. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis were carried out to identify the mineral components in the WSA and the hydration products of WSA and WSA-GGBS pastes. The principal crystalline components in the WSA are gehlenite, calcium oxide, bredigite and α′-C₂S (stabilised with Al and Mg) together with small amounts of anorthite and calcium carbonate and traces of calcium hydroxide and quartz. The α′-C₂S and bredigite, which phase separate from liquid phase that forms a glass on cooling, are difficult to distinguish by XRD. The hydration products identified in WSA paste are CH, C₄AH₁₃, C₃A.0.5CC?.0.5CH.H_11.5 and C-S-H gel plus possible evidence of small amounts of C₂ASH₈ and C₃A.3CS?.H₃₂. Based upon the findings, a hydration mechanism is presented, and a model is proposed to explain the observed strength development.     

精密金属焊接坏点的视觉识别方法研究与仿真

研究高精密金属焊接坏点准确视觉识别的问题.由于高精密金属焊接坏点的颜色特征与金属本身特征相似,而在坏点很小并且与外部环境过于类似的干扰下,传统的基于像素差异的识别结果不精确,一旦焊接坏点分布的过于集中,干扰将更大,导致焊接坏点识别准确性降低.为解决上述问题,提出一种新的计算机视觉的高精密金属焊接坏点识别方法.采集高精密金属焊接坏点计算机视觉图像,针对金属图像进行特征提取,并对提取的特征进行离散小波变换处理,获取增强处理后的视觉图像.根据增强处理后的视觉图像特征值,获取高精密金属焊接坏点的分布密度,计算焊接坏点的空间位置,实现高精密金属焊接坏点识别.实验结果表明,利用改进算法进行高精密金属焊接坏点识别,能够提高识别的准确率,并且获取焊接坏点在高精密金属制品中的分布位置,为高精密金属制品的生产质量提供保障.     

磷石膏的开发利用

介绍了国内外磷石膏开发利用的现状,包括磷石膏的选矿提纯,镧系元素回收及其作为建筑石膏、硫酸联产水泥、硫铵生产的原料和在农肥、填料、筑路材料、水泥添加剂等方面的应用。对我国磷石膏的开发利用提出了若干看法。     

一种面向软件产品概念设计的CSCW模型

随着计算机和网络技术的发展,各种CSCW模型和技术先后被提出,来满足各行业产品和概念设计的复杂工作需求。软件产品的概念设计作为一项复杂的工作和业务流程,对CSCW系统的需求也越来越高。文中针对软件产品概念设计的特殊性质,提出一种新的CSCW软件产品概念设计模型,并且对其中包含的冲突检测和协调机制进行了详细的设计和优化。使用基于Java平台的相关技术对模型主要功能架构和冲突协调过程进行了仿真。实验表明,文中提出的模型具有更加简洁和高效的复杂冲突解决能力和用户交互能力。