试论鲁酒的风格特点

鲁酒整体上可分为浓香型粮食白酒、芝麻香型白酒和大众白酒。浓香型粮食白酒的风格特点有别于四川浓香型白酒，年产量近30万吨。四大酯的量比关系不同，川酒己乳比在1：0．65，鲁酒的己乳比在1：0．8；川酒突出己酸乙酯，窖香浓郁、香好，而鲁酒的风格则是窖香淡雅、醇和绵甜、顺柔爽净，味好。芝麻香型白酒则是鲁酒风格的典型代表，为全国白酒十大香型之一，典型代表酒是景芝白干。分两大流派：一是淡雅型芝麻香，特别是口感清正淡雅、爽净、芝麻香幽雅。以景芝白干、景阳神为代表；二是窖香型芝麻香。特点是窖香幽雅，绵甜醇和。芝麻香突出。以水浒特曲108为代表。大众白酒是鲁酒的优势产品。也是山东的传统酒。特点是口味纯正、香味协调、绵甜爽净，以国家优质酒坊子白酒为代表。     

分类和预测问题中名词型属性的一种预处理方法

在分类和预测任务中，包含大量不同取值的名词型属性使那些要求数值型输入的回归算法难以使用。该文提出一种基于经验贝叶斯统计方法的预处理方法，对这一类名词型属性进行变换，使之能用于预测建模。首先介绍了变换的统计学原理，然后给出了实现方法。分析表明，此方法简单易行，缩放性较好，而且在处理缺失数据时具有明显的优势。     

Flavor Fade in Peanuts During Short-term Storage

ABSTRACT: Flavor characteristics of roasted peanuts over short-term storage were explored through sensory and chemical analyses. The volatiles from freshly roasted peanuts were evaluated over short-time (21 d) storage using gas chromatography, chemosensory techniques, and a sensory panel to quantify and identify pyrazines and hexanal over a 21-d storage period. A significant decrease ( P < 0.05) was noted in 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2-methoxypyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine, and 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine concentrations over a 21-d period. No significant difference ( P > 0.05) was noted in the 2-methylpyrazine and 2-ethylpyrazine concentrations. The hexanal concentration significantly increased ( P < 0.05) over the 21-d period. The peroxide values and sensory analysis agreed with these results. A significant increase ( P < 0.05) in peroxide value was seen at days 14 and 21, and a significant decrease ( P < 0.05) in fresh roasted peanuty flavor from day 0 to 21 and significant increases ( P < 0.05) in painty, cardboardy, and bitter flavors from day 7 to 21 with the sensory analysis. The electronic nose successfully separated day 0 and 21 samples from day 7 and 14 samples, which were also separated but with some overlap.     

AutoCAD作图技巧浅析

介绍了AutoCAD中作图的原则、步骤以及使用技巧,包括AutoCAD表格制作、在Word文档中插入AutoCAD图形、线宽修改、图形的打印技巧、选择对象的一些技巧、绘制局部放大图的方法等,对大多数AutoCAD的使用者在学习和应用中有很大帮助。     

An object design framework for structural engineering

Object-oriented principles have introduced several useful concepts for developing complex software systems. As a result, several methodologies have been suggested for the overall design of software systems based on these concepts. Methodologies and frameworks for designing objects that are to be part of the software systems are currently lacking. This paper proposes anobject design framework andmethodology, which utilizes the object-oriented concepts, for planning, organizing and designing structural engineering design objects. Design objects in an integrated structural engineering system are complex and often related to each other in various different ways. The paper also identifies several important relationships among structural engineering design objects. These relationships serve as communication channels through wich design objects send messages to and receive responses from each other. Several examples, drawn from reinforced concrete structures, will be presented to demonstrate the object design methodology and to illustrate how the framework is effective in reducing the complexity of design objects in an integrated structural engineering system.     

二进制分辨矩阵在连续属性约简中的研究

针对二进制分辨矩阵无法处理连续型数据,提出一种基于邻域的改进二进制分辨矩阵及其属性约简方法。实验结果表明,与先数据离散化,后属性约简的方法相比,利用文中方法提取出的特征属性的分类能力更高。     

一种相容决策表的属性值与属性约简方法

针对相容决策表,另辟一种数据约简思路,与传统数据约简方法不同的是,本文方法考虑属性值约简与属性约简之间的关联,该方法首先进行属性值约简,然后再进行属性约简,本文并给予了充分的证明,而普通的方法并没有考虑它们之间的联系,并有许多冗余的比较操作。     

DCKPDP：改进k-prototype聚类的差分隐私混合属性数据发布方法

当前混合属性数据发布中隐私保护方法大多存在隐私保护效果不佳或数据效用较差的问题,采用差分隐私与优化的k-prototype聚类方法相结合,提出改进k-prototype聚类的差分隐私混合属性数据发布方法(DCKPDP)。为解决传统k-prototype聚类算法没有考虑不同数值型属性对聚类结果有较大影响的问题,利用信息熵为每个数值型属性添加属性权重;为解决聚类初始中心点人为规定或者由随机算法随机确定,导致聚类结果精确度不高的问题,结合数据对象的局部密度和高密度对聚类过程中初始中心点进行自适应选择;为解决数据信息泄露风险较高的问题,对聚类中心值进行差分隐私保护。实验结果表明,DCKPDP算法满足差分隐私保护所需的噪声量更小,数据的可用性更好。