制丝线加香加料系统的问题及改进方法

针对目前卷烟企业制丝线加香、加料系统普遍存在的问题,从设备选型、控制算法进行分析,提出改进方法。     

我国食用香料香精的基本状况与发展趋势

食用香料是食品添加剂中数量最多、使用面较广的一类添加剂。近几年我国食用香料香精发展较快,国标GB2760-1996中规定的允许使用的食用香料总共有1283种,本文对我国的食用香料香精的发展趋势进行了简单论述。     

固体鸡精的研制

本文了固体鸡精的生产工艺及质量控制。完整地描述了全部工艺过程，并提供了重要的技术以参数与数据。     

12°Bx姜啤的研制

姜汁、麦芽粉糖化过滤得12.Bx麦汁,接入啤酒酵母,14℃恒温发酵7天,再降温至1℃发酵15天,酒样加入乙基麦芽酚达1.6×10-5,姜汁香精浓度为5.0×10-5,最后生产得酒度为3.5度、原麦汁浓度为12±0.3%(m/m)、姜香适宜爽口的姜啤.(孙悟)     

Physicochemical,sensorial and textural characteristics of liquid‐smoked salmon (Salmo salar) as affected by salting treatment and sugar addition

The effect of salting method, dry salting (DS), brine salting (BS), brine salting with sucrose addition (BSS) or dry salting with sucrose addition (DSS) on the quality of Atlantic salmon treated with a liquid smoke flavouring was investigated over a 45‐day storage period. Sugar‐added samples were the ones with the significantly lowest values for TBARS (β₀, DS = 0.09^b; BS = 0.18^a; DSS = 0.07^c; BSS = 0.07^c). BSS and DSS fillets showed faster production rates of trimethylamine (TMA), 0.57 and 1.46, than the DS and BS fillets, 0.81 and 1.19, respectively. The DS and DSS fillets showed long delay periods before the TMA concentration started to increase (16.18; 20.60), and 90% of the panellists preferred these to BS or BSS fillets. In fact, only the BSS fillets were rejected during the storage, after 34 days; and the fillets with the most overall desirable characteristics at the end of the storage period were those of the DSS group.     

功能性复合调味料的开发

本文论述了采用添加多糖类、呈味核苷酸类、活性肽、三萜类等纯天然的、廉价的具有生理活性的基料，开发功能性复合调味料。     

Effect of freezing on the physicochemical, textural and sensorial characteristics of salmon (Salmo salar) smoked with a liquid smoke flavouring

This study reports the effect of different refrigeration/freezing treatments on the physicochemical, textural and sensorial properties of farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) treated with a commercial liquid smoke flavouring. Observations were made on three groups of fillets - group RFS: salted, smoked and stored at 4 °C; group BFS: frozen at −25 °C for 24 h, thawed, salted, smoked and stored at 4 °C; and group AFS: salted, smoked and frozen at −25 °C for 24 h and stored at −18 °C - over a period of 45 days. Scores (on a scale of 1-9) were provided for different sensorial attributes by a panel of 10 trained tasters. Sixty percent of the panellists consistently preferred the AFS fillets. The maximum shelf life associated with each treatment was defined as the last sampling day on which a mean score of ≤5 was awarded for the fillet sensorial attributes by ≥50% of the panellists. Freezing the salmon for 24 h before smoking (BFS) did not increase its shelf life (30 days) over that of refrigerated smoked salmon (RFS). In addition, the former treatment had a negative effect on the adhesiveness, cohesiveness, smoke odour intensity and colour intensity of the flesh. However, maintaining the fish frozen at −18 °C (AFS) increased its shelf life (>45 days) and invested the flesh with greater firmness, cohesiveness and colour intensity.     

立足传统饮食文化 开发天然调味精品

本文主要从中国传统的烹饪技艺出发,阐述了调味原料研制开发者应立足传统,勇于创新,实现“传统饮食工业化验”,向市场提供符合中国人口味的高质量的天然调味精粉观点。     

GC/MS analysis of lignin monomers,dimers and trimers in liquid smoke flavourings

The common components found in smoke flavourings are carbonyl derivatives, acids, esters and lignin monomers such as alkyl-aryl ethers and phenol derivatives. Recently the presence of lignin dimers has been noted. In addition to these compounds, lignin trimers and new lignin dimers have been detected in the brown layer left by a smoke flavouring on the wall of the receptacle in which it was contained; these compounds tend to migrate towards the wall of the container and have not been previously described as smoke or smoke flavouring components. Lignin trimers and dimers are important in the preservation of smoked foods for their known high antioxidant activity, even higher than that of the lignin monomers. The mass spectral data of a large number of lignin trimers and dimers are given and can be useful for future studies of smoke flavourings and smoked food as well as in beverage studies and for the characterisation of woods to be used in the beverage industry. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry     

电子鼻结合GC-IMS鉴别不同干燥方式的膳食虾肉复合果蔬棒风味变化

目的 探究真空冷冻干燥及热风干燥处理膳食虾肉复合果蔬棒的风味变化。方法 采用电子鼻定性分析两种干燥方式下的复合果蔬棒的区别,并利结合气相色谱-离子迁移谱法(gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry, GC-IMS)定量分析两种干燥方式样品的区别。结果 通过电子鼻数据结果分析新鲜样品与两种干燥方式获得的样品存在明显区别,并通过GC-IMS结果检测得到62种挥发性风味物质。其中在经过热风干燥的膳食虾肉复合果蔬棒中正丁醇、苯甲醇、3-呋喃甲醇等醇类;多数的酯类和醛类化合物含量增加。酸类和吡嗪类化合物含量减少。结论 经过冷冻干燥后的样品在保持原有样品的形态颜色等优于冷冻干燥,从电子鼻以及GC-IMS的结果获得热风干燥的愉快型风味物质含量增加,本研究结果可作为今后膳食虾肉复合果蔬棒以及类似相关的复合产品的深加工方式选择和开发提供理论依据。