化学灭火添加剂的灭火有效性实验研究

通过大量的实验及查阅相关的国外文献资料,对化学添加剂的灭火机理及其灭火性能进行了研究,研究的对象分为两类：一类是易溶于水的碱金属盐,主要是研究其作为化学添加剂添加在细水雾中的灭火效果;另一类是含铁、锌、锰等元素的高效化学灭火物质,研究其作为化学添加剂添加到其它气态灭火介质如二氧化碳、氮气中的灭火效果．同时作者通过实验重点论证了灭火添加剂的优化配比、极限性和提高其灭火效能的途径等问题,也讨论了灭火添加剂与其它灭火介质之间的相互作用关系,为研制新型清洁、经济、高效的灭火剂奠定了基础。     

火电厂多代理控制系统中反馈控制代理

提出了火电厂多代理控制系统中反馈控制代理(FBCAs),能够在环境中灵活自主地行动以达到设计目标。FBCAs采用基于遗传算法的模糊控制,仿真结果表明,基于遗传算法的模糊控制是FBCAs进行决策的有效工具。     

Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Novel 1,3,5‐Tris(oligothienyl)benzenes: A New Generation of 3D Reticulating Agents

Novel 1,3,5‐tris(oligothienyl)benzenes have been synthesized by an efficient and very easy trimerization reaction and their optimized three‐dimensional geometry has been determined by semiempirical computations. Their electrochemical behavior has been investigated; their electropolymerization with 2,2′‐bithiophene led to the development of two‐ or three‐dimensional conducting polymers.     

放射增敏剂的研究进展

本文概述了肿瘤治疗中放射增敏剂研究的国内外现状,重点介绍了几种增敏剂的临床研究情况,以期提高肿瘤的临床治疗疗效。     

Paper sizing agents from micelle‐like aggregates of polystyrene‐based cationic copolymers

A series of polystyrene‐based cationic copolymers (PSCC) were synthesized by copolymerization of styrene and the cationic comonomer vinylbenzyl trimethylammonium chloride. These copolymers can be used as internal paper sizing agents in a broad pH range. The effect of the charge density on the PSCC colloid properties was investigated. It was found that at room temperature the PSCC could change from water insoluble to colloidally dispersible and finally to fully water soluble as the charge density was increased. Based on the understanding of their colloid behavior, PSCCs were applied as internal sizing agents for paper. The results showed that the hydrophobicity of handsheets could be significantly improved by PSCCs and the sizing performance was a function of copolymer addition, charge density, particle size, drying temperature, and pH conditions. The present study indicated some potential advantages of PSCC copolymers as internal sizes. PSCC can be self‐retained on the fiber surface, no hydrolysis occurs during the storage and application, and no sizing reversion occurs. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 2067–2073, 2000     

New monomers and polymers derived from α‐hydroxymethyl methyl vinyl ketone

2‐Hydroxymethyl‐but‐1‐ene‐3‐one [α‐hydroxymethyl methyl vinyl ketone (HMVK)] was synthesized from methyl vinyl ketone using paraformaldehyde and a tertiary amine catalyst. Free‐radical polymerization of this monomer created transparent, tough polymers that were insoluble in organic solvents. HMVK was converted to trimethylsilyl, acetate, and chloride derivatives. When the hydroxyl group was thus protected or removed, all these monomers could be free radically polymerized in bulk to make soluble polymers. The chlorination reaction is complicated by the formation of 1,1‐bischloromethylacetone, which dehydrohalogenated unexpectedly to the desired α‐chloromethyl methyl vinyl ketone. HMVK will self‐condense to an ether dimer in the presence of a catalytic acid. This reagent is capable of crosslinking many alkene monomers through hydrolytically stable ether bonds. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 509–516, 2000     

One‐pot Synthesis of N‐Formyl‐O‐acyl‐ threo‐ and erythro‐DL‐β‐phenylserine Ethyl Esters and their Antiviral Properties

A series of N‐formyl‐O‐acyl‐β‐phenylserine derivatives 1b ‐ 7b were prepared by the interaction of N‐acyl‐b‐phenylserine ethyl esters 1a ‐ 7a with formic acid in presence of 1.5% HF. One‐pot acyl group N → O migration followed N‐formylation under elaborated reaction conditions. The kinetics of the reaction was investigated. The carboxylic acid moiety in the structure of β‐phenylserine had a strong influence on the reproduction of the used test‐viruses. The toxicity and antiviral activity is dependent on the diastereomeric forms of evaluated compounds.     

Optimized Silica-Binding Peptide-Mediated Delivery of Bactericidal Lysin Efficiently Prevents Staphylococcus aureus from Adhering to Device Surfaces

Staphylococcal-associated device-related infections (DRIs) represent a significant clinical challenge causing major medical and economic sequelae. Bacterial colonization, proliferation, and biofilm formation after adherence to surfaces of the indwelling device are probably the primary cause of DRIs. To address this issue, we incorporated constructs of silica-binding peptide (SiBP) with ClyF, an anti-staphylococcal lysin, into functionalized coatings to impart bactericidal activity against planktonic and sessile Staphylococcus aureus. An optimized construct, SiBP1-ClyF, exhibited improved thermostability and staphylolytic activity compared to its parental lysin ClyF. SiBP1-ClyF-functionalized coatings were efficient in killing MRSA strain N315 (>99.999% within 1 h) and preventing the growth of static and dynamic S. aureus biofilms on various surfaces, including siliconized glass, silicone-coated latex catheter, and silicone catheter. Additionally, SiBP1-ClyF-immobilized surfaces supported normal attachment and growth of mammalian cells. Although the recycling potential and long-term stability of lysin-immobilized surfaces are still affected by the fragility of biological protein molecules, the present study provides a generic strategy for efficient delivery of bactericidal lysin to solid surfaces, which serves as a new approach to prevent the growth of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms on surfaces in hospital settings and could be adapted for other target pathogens as well.     

聚羧酸系高效减水剂的合成研究

在水溶液体系中以过硫酸盐为引发剂,用马来酸(MA)、苯乙烯磺酸钠(SSS)和聚乙二醇(EG)为单体接枝共聚合成减水剂,研究了不饱和单体的物质的量比、引发剂用量、反应时间、反应温度等因素的影响,得出了合成聚羧酸系减水剂的最佳配比和合成条件,对该减水剂进行了性能试验,结果表明聚羧酸系减水剂具有优良的分散性能和保坍性,是一种高性能混凝土减水剂。