变压器行业采用IEC标准综述

论述了做好IEC工作的意义 ,较全面地介绍了变压器行业采用IEC标准现状和IEC标准制、修订动态 ,提出了采用IEC标准建议     

Will consumers accept food irradiation?

Food irradiation technology has recently been developed and has already gained preliminary regulatory approval. This report discusses the potential of food irradiation and possible consumer reaction to its increased use.     

2012年美国自动扣留我出口食品情况分析

本文介绍了2012年美国"自动扣留"我国出口食品的情况,旨在帮助我国政府相关部门和企业全面、深入了解美国"自动扣留"制度,以采取针对性措施,推动我国食品输美更加便利、顺畅,扩大对美食品贸易。     

我国有机食品的现状及发展趋势

介绍了有机食品的特点及对人与自然和谐发展的作用,并概述了我国有机食品的发展现状及趋势.     

粮油食品中呕吐毒素危害及风险分析

该文分析呕吐毒素性质,在自然界和粮油食品中存在情况,及对人类和动物危害,并进行风险评估,同时提出预防呕吐毒素危害建议。     

Possible Role of GnIH as a Novel Link between Hyperphagia-Induced Obesity-Related Metabolic Derangements and Hypogonadism in Male Mice

Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) is a reproductive inhibitor and an endogenous orexigenic neuropeptide that may be involved in energy homeostasis and reproduction. However, whether GnIH is a molecular signal link of metabolism and the reproductive system, and thus, regulates reproductive activity as a function of the energy state, is still unknown. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of GnIH in glycolipid metabolism and reproduction in vivo, and in the coupling between these two processes in the testis level. Our results showed that chronic intraperitoneal injection of GnIH into male mice not only increased food intake and altered meal microstructure but also significantly elevated body mass due to the increased mass of liver and epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), despite the loss of testicular weight. Furthermore, chronic intraperitoneal administration of GnIH to male mice resulted in obesity-related glycolipid metabolic derangements, showing hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance through changes in the expression of glucose and lipid metabolism-related genes in the pancreas and eWAT, respectively. Interestingly, the expression of GnIH and GPR147 was markedly increased in the testis of mice under conditions of energy imbalance, such as fasting, acute hypoglycemia, and hyperglycemia. In addition, chronic GnIH injection markedly inhibited glucose and lipid metabolism of mice testis while significantly decreasing testosterone synthesis and sperm quality, inducing hypogonadism. These observations indicated that orexigenic GnIH triggers hyperphagia-induced obesity-related metabolic derangements and hypogonadism in male mice, suggesting that GnIH is an emerging candidate for coupling metabolism and fertility by involvement in obesity and metabolic disorder-induced reproductive dysfunction of the testes.     

确保粮食安全和环境可持续发展的水土资源利用

主要讨论灌溉农业所面临的挑战.随着人均可用水量的不断下降,灌溉农业必须提高水资源利用效率,同时进一步采用有利于环境的经营和管理方式.灌溉界面临的压力是如何通过提高作物产量和用水效率来实现生产率的最大化.今后的发展方向是以更加高效率、有成效的方式利用水资源,而实现从"提高每滴水的粮食产量"向"少用水,多产粮"的转变,则有助于该目标的实现.为了尽可能减小外在因素的影响,将来的努力方向是在全面性和整体性上下工夫.     

粮食作物对化肥的需求分析

根据相关文献资料,综述化肥在保障我国粮食安全中的作用与贡献,分析与预测实现2010年、2015年、2020年粮食总产目标所需新增化肥的数量。根据近5年来我国粮食生产中出现的问题,指出要保障我国粮食安全,除了继续发展化肥工业,增加化肥用量之外,国家应采取其他相应措施,包括稳定粮食作物的种植面积(至少应维持在11 000万hm2水平);调整粮食价格,保护农民种粮积极性;改善农田基本生产条件,推行节水灌溉技术,促进粮食均衡增产;适度提高粮食净进口份额等等。单纯依靠增加化肥的投入,实现国内粮食供需平衡,不仅代价太大(包括资源、环境和成本代价),市场和农民也不一定能够接受。     

食品包装与环境

介绍了食品包装的类型和特点,分析了当前食品包装的生产、使用对环境所造成的影响,并提出了食品包装与环境协调发展的几点建议。