变质量力学系统Nidsen方程的形式不变性

力学系统对称性与守恒量的研究在数学、力学、物理学中都具有非常重要的意义。力学系统的对称性与守恒量的近代理论主要有Noether对称性理论和Lie对称性理论。形式不变性是不同于Noether对称性和Lie对称性的一种新的对称性理论。本文研究变质量力学系统Nielsen方程的形式不变性，给出变质量保守力学系统Nielsen方程的形式不变性的定义和判据，研究形式不变性和Noether对称性的关系，并举例说明结果的应用。     

影响啤酒风味物质简述

影响啤酒风味的物质可分为醇、酯、碳基化合物、酸、含硫化合物、胺（挥发性）和酚基化合物等。产生这种物质主要来源是麦芽、谷物辅料、酒花、酵母的发酵等。主要阐述了由于发酵作用而产生的影响啤酒风味的形成机理。双乙酰也是影响酒风味的重要原因之一。     

ps级任意整形脉冲发生器

任意形状激光束需要有一个相应的形状任意可调的电脉冲.在各种任意脉冲产生技术中,FET行波结构可以达到较好的结果.采用20节GaAs FET行波结构,300 ps的触发脉冲经过多个250 ps的延迟,通过计算机控制每个FET状态,实现了输出宽度大于5 ns且脉冲的形状任意可调的脉冲信号.输出脉冲经过滤波和放大,输出幅度达到10 V.     

Unexpected Sole Enol‐Form Emission of 2‐(2′‐Hydroxyphenyl)oxazoles for Highly Efficient Deep‐Blue‐Emitting Organic Electroluminescent Devices

Considerable efforts have been devoted to the development of highly efficient blue light‐emitting materials. However, deep‐blue fluorescence materials that can satisfy the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.14, 0.08) of the National Television System Committee (NTSC) standard blue and, moreover, possess a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) over 5%, remain scarce. Here, the unusual luminescence properties of triphenylamine‐bearing 2‐(2′‐hydroxyphenyl)oxazoles ( 3a–3c ) and their applications in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are reported as highly efficient deep‐blue emitters. The 3a ‐based device exhibits a high spectral stability and an excellent color purity with a narrow full‐width at half‐maximum of 53 nm and the CIE coordinates of (0.15, 0.08), which is very close to the NTSC standard blue. The exciton utilization of the device closes to 100%, exceeding the theoretical limit of 25% in conventional fluorescent OLEDs. Experimental data and theoretical calculations demonstrate that 3a possesses a highly hybridized local and charge‐transfer excited state character. In OLEDs, 3a exhibits a maximum luminance of 9054 cd m^?2 and an EQE up to 7.1%, which is the first example of highly efficient blue OLEDs based on the sole enol‐form emission of 2‐(2′‐hydroxyphenyl)azoles.     

双包层光子晶体光纤特性研究

通过对比双包层光子晶体光纤与聚合物双包层光纤的结构特性以及泵浦方法,得出双包层光子晶体光纤（DC-PCF）可以产生比聚合物双包层光纤大得多的数值孔径,但需要侧面泵浦和利用锥形多模光纤连接的PC-DCF不适合构建放大器的结论。研究表明,光子晶体光纤所具有的大数值孔径能有效地减少高功率放大器中的非线性光学效应。     

Hybrid Linear Closed‐Form Solution in Wireless Localization

In wireless localization, several linear closed‐form solution (LCS) methods have been investigated as a direct result of the drawbacks that plague the existing iterative methods, such as the local minimum problem and heavy computational burden. Among the known LCS methods, both the direct solution method and the difference of squared range measurements method are considered in this paper. These LCS methods do not have any of the aforementioned problems that occur in the existing iterative methods. However, each LCS method does have its own individual error property. In this paper, a hybrid LCS method is presented to reduce these errors. The hybrid LCS method integrates the two aforementioned LCS methods by using two check points that give important information on the probability of occurrence of each LCS's individual error. The results of several Monte Carlo simulations show that the proposed method has a good performance. The solutions provided by the proposed method are accurate and reliable. The solutions do not have serious errors such as those that occur in the conventional standalone LCS and iterative methods.     

龙潭水电站抛物线双曲拱坝体形设计

龙潭水电站大坝采用砼新型抛物线双曲拱坝，文章对坝体体形设计作了详细论述在坝体设计中，坝体结构得到优化，拱坝结构的特点得以充分发挥     

A Highly Efficient GaAs HBT MMIC Balanced Power Amplifier for W‐CDMA Handset Applications

A highly efficient and compactly integrated balanced power amplifier (PA) for W‐CDMA handset applications is presented. To overcome the size limit of a typical balanced PA, a bulky input divider is integrated into a PA MMIC, and a complex output network is replaced with simple lumped‐element networks. For efficiency improvement at the low output power level, one of the two amplifiers in parallel is deactivated and the other is partially operated with corresponding load impedance optimization. The implemented PA shows excellent average current consumption of 34.5 mA in urban and 56.3 mA in suburban environments, while exhibiting very good load‐insensitivity under condition of VSWR=4:1.     

Ultra‐small Form‐Factor Helix on Pad‐Type Stage‐Bypass WCDMA Tx Power Amplifier Using a Chip‐Stacking Technique and a Multilayer Substrate

A fully integrated small form‐factor HBT power amplifier (PA) was developed for UMTS Tx applications. For practical use, the PA was implemented with a well configured bottom dimension, and a CMOS control IC was added to enable/disable the HBT PA. By using helix‐on‐pad integrated passive device output matching, a chip‐stacking technique in the assembly of the CMOS IC, and embedding of the bulky inductive lines in a multilayer substrate, the module size was greatly reduced to 2 mm × 2.2 mm. A stage‐bypass technique was used to enhance the efficiency of the PA. The PA showed a low idle current of about 20 mA and a PAE of about15% at an output power of 16 dBm, while showing good linearity over the entire operating power range.     

聚酰亚胺微刻蚀加工工艺研究

研究了RIE刻蚀聚酰亚胺的刻蚀速率、刻蚀表面粗糙度与不同加工工艺参数(包括射频功率、腔室压力、刻蚀气体成分等)之间的相互关系。刻蚀速率与射频功率、腔室压力都呈线性关系,与气体成分的关系是低SF6含量时呈线性,高SF6含量时出现饱和。刻蚀面的粗糙度几乎不受腔室压力的影响,而射频功率高于300 W和低SF6含量时粗糙度会急剧上升。采用腔室压力40 Pa、功率275 W、O2流量80 cm3/min、SF6流量20 cm3/min,通过RIE刻蚀获得了深度为39.5μm的微腔结构,为形成柔性基底空腔以及上悬结构等提供了技术基础。此外,对柔性基底固定技术进行了研究,提出了一种有效固定聚酰亚胺膜的新工艺方法。