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11.
Vegetable Oils Replace Pork Backfat for Low-Fat Frankfurters 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Low-fat frankfurters (10% fat, 12.5% protein) with olive, corn, sunflower or soybean oils, compared to control (29.1% animal fat, 10.4% protein) had 67% lower total fat, 40–45% lower saturated fatty acids, 50–53% lower calories, reduced cholesterol and 20% higher meat protein. Although they had darker red color they were 6–7.2% lower in processing yield and had higher purge accumulation, were firmer and less juicy. The type oil had no effect (P>0.05) on these characteristics but affected fatty acid composition. Frankfurters with olive oil had 41.8% higher monounsaturated fatty acids and those with seed oils 5–7 times higher polyunsaturated fatty acids. Soybean oil increased lin-olenic acid content and negatively affected overall acceptability and shelf-life. 相似文献
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J-F. MEULLENET H.C. CHANG J.A. CARPENTER A.V.A. RESURRECCION 《Journal of food science》1994,59(4):729-733
Chicken frankfurters made with 0, 2, 4, 6, 8% added collagen fibers and 10, 15, 20, 25, 30% added water were evaluated for textural differences using a torsion test and sensory texture profile analysis. Frankfurters with high amounts of added water and low amounts of collagen fibers had lower shear stress values. Sensory analysis indicated that both collagen fibers and added water had significant influences (P<0.05) on hardness, springiness and juiciness. The addition of collagen fibers resulted in harder, springier, and less juicy frankfurters. Added water resulted in softer, less springy and juicier frankfurters. Response surface methodology demonstrated that for 2% added collagen, the optimum added water was ～20%. 相似文献
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法兰克福香肠在生产、运输、贮藏过程中容易产生析水、析油等问题,影响香肠的食用品质,因此提高法兰克福香肠的品质特性一直是肉制品加工研究的重点。本研究探究不同黄芪胶添加量（0、0.1%、0.2%、0.3%、0.4%、0.5%,m/m）对法兰克福香肠品质特性的影响。结果表明,添加黄芪胶能够显著降低法兰克福香肠的蒸煮损失（P＜0.05）,并显著提高其乳化稳定性（P＜0.05）。与此同时,随着黄芪胶添加量的增加,法兰克福香肠的硬度、弹性、脆性、亮度值呈先上升后降低的趋势,且在添加量为0.3%时达到最大（P＜0.05）。动态流变学测试结果表明,添加黄芪胶能够提高肉糜的储能模量（G’）和损失模量（G”）,而且降低损耗角正切值（tanδ）,从而提高肉糜的黏弹性。扫描电镜结果表明,黄芪胶添加能够明显改善香肠凝胶的组织状态,形成致密且均匀的三维凝胶网络结构。综上所述,添加黄芪胶能够显著改善法兰克福香肠的品质特性,且在添加量为0.3%时效果最佳。 相似文献
14.
Calcium Fortified, Reduced Fat Beef Emulsion Product 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Characteristics were investigated on a 15%/25%, fat/added water beef frankfurter supplemented with calcium (calcium carbonate or calcium-citrate-malate complex, CCM) to meet 25, 50, 75 or 100% of adult U.S. RDA in one 45g frankfurter. Controls contained 15%/25% or 30%/10% fat/added water. Compared to controls, calcium addition did not reduce yield although batters containing CCM had lower viscosity (P<0.05). During storage, pH of calcium added frankfurters increased about 0.35 units. Frankfurters formulated with 100% levels for calcium were least acceptable to sensory panelists. Frankfurters were softer and had less springiness and chewiness (P<0.05) when supplemented with 100% levels for calcium. 相似文献
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16.
ABSTRACT: Listeria monocytogenes , a psychrotrophic foodborne pathogen, is an occasional postprocess contaminant on ready-to-eat meat (RTE) products including frankfurters. Ultraviolet C light (UVC) is an FDA-approved technology for the decontamination of food surfaces. In this study, the ability of UVC to inactivate L. monocytogenes on frankfurters that contained potassium lactate (PL) and sodium diacetate (SDA), either before or after packaging, was investigated. UVC irradiation of frankfurters that were surface-inoculated with L. monocytogenes resulted in a 1.31, 1.49, and 1.93 log reduction at doses of 1, 2, and 4 J/cm2 , respectively. UVC treatment had no effect on frankfurter color or texture at UVC doses up to 4 J/cm2 . Frankfurter meat treated with UVC doses up to 16 J/cm2 did not increase mutagenesis in bacterial or human cells, either with or without exogenous metabolic activation. UVC treatment of single-layer frankfurter packs at a dose of 2 J/cm2 resulted in a 0.97 (± 0.14) log reduction of L. monocytogenes . Following 8 wk of refrigerated storage L. monocytogenes levels decreased by only 0.65 log in non-UVC-treated frankfurter packs compared with 2.5 log in the UVC-treated packs. Because the numbers of L. monocytogenes associated with contaminations of ready-to-eat meats are typically very low, the use of UVC in combination with potassium lactate and sodium diacetate has the potential to reduce the number of frankfurter recalls and foodborne illness outbreaks. 相似文献
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The development of protein oxidation as assessed by the total carbonyl content and its influence on color and texture deterioration during the refrigerated storage (+4 °C/60 d) of frankfurters, were studied. The effect of the addition of a rosemary essential oil at different levels (150, 300, and 600 ppm) on the protein oxidative stability of the frankfurters was also evaluated. Frankfurters with no added essential oil were used as controls. The amount of carbonyls from protein oxidation significantly increased during refrigerated storage, and this increase was significantly higher in control frankfurters than in those treated with 300 and 600 ppm. Rosemary essential oil at levels of 300 and 600 ppm successfully protected the heme molecule from degradation and significantly inhibited the increase of nonheme iron (NHI) in refrigerated stored frankfurters. Color changes were directly related to oxidation processes because frankfurters with added antioxidants (300 and 600 ppm) suffered less color modifications than the controls. The addition of rosemary essential oil enhanced texture characteristics of frankfurters by reducing hardness, adhesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, and controlling the lost of elasticity during refrigeration. Statistically significant correlations were calculated between protein oxidation and instrumentally measured parameters, suggesting that the alteration of protein functionality caused by oxidation likely affected color and texture characteristics of frankfurters. 相似文献
19.
Changes in particle size affected measured characteristics more than changes in mixing time. Sensory results indicated that use of a 2.0 mm plate produced the coarsest (P<0.05) product. CIE b* values decreased (<0.05) as particle size was increased. Products produced with a 2.0 mm plate compared to a 1.4 mm plate had higher (P<0.05) hardness values and total energy to shear. Particle size did not affect (P>0.05) cooking loss, springiness, cohesiveness, or chewiness. Additional mixing tended to decrease sensory particle size and increase springiness and chewiness. 相似文献
20.
To determine the effect of preblending concentrated sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP) with modified beef connective tissue (MCT) on reduced fat frankfurters, samples were target formulated at two fat/added water levels (30/10 and 10/25) and manufactured according to 4 treatments: (1) Control = no phosphate, no MCT; (2) Connective tissue = MCT added alone; (3) Preblend = SAPP, MCT, preblended; (4) Preblend SAPP/MCT + alkaline phosphate. The preblend treatments had the lowest emulsion stability and yields (P < 0.01) which were both improved for treatment 4. Collagen solubility did not increase after preblending. Redness and cured color were lowest for treatment 4 but improved during storage. Preblending, with subsequent addition of alkaline phosphate, created a MCT product similar to the control. 相似文献