传统块状炭材料的发展概况

传统块状炭材料，如石墨电极、炼铝用阳极和阴极炭块、电炭制品、特种炭和石墨、炭砖等，在国民经济中占据不可替代的举足轻重的地位。本文简要概述了传统块状炭材料的国内外发展现状，在此基础上论述了我国相关领域中存在的问题，以期引起对传统但却十分重要的块状炭材料的进一步重视。     

The role of forest and bioenergy strategies in the global carbon cycle

Forest and bioenergy strategies offer the prospect of reduced CO₂ emissions to the atmosphere. Such strategies can affect the net flux of carbon to the atmosphere through 4 mechanisms: storage of C in the biosphere; storage of C in forest products; use of biofuels to displace fossil-fuel use; use of wood products which often displaces other products that require more fossil fuel for their production. We use the mathematical model GORCAM (Graz/Oak Ridge Carbon Accounting Model) to examine these mechanisms for 16 land-use scenarios. Over long time intervals the amount of C stored in the biosphere and in forest products reaches a steady state and continuing mitigation of C emissions depends on the extent to which fossil fuel use is displaced by the use of bioenergy and wood products. The relative effectiveness of alternative forest and bioenergy strategies and their impact on net C emissions strongly depend, for example, on the productivity of the site, its current usage, and the efficiency with which the harvest is used. When growth rates are high and harvest is used efficiently, the dominant opportunity for net reduction in C emissions is seen to be fossil-fuel displacement. At the growth rates and efficiencies of harvest utilization adopted in many of our base scenarios, the net C balance at the end of 100 years is very similar whether trees are harvested and used for energy and traditional forest products, or reforestation and forest protection strategies are implemented. The C balance on a plantation system that provides a constant output of biomass products can look different than the balance of a single parcel of land.     

ALGORITHMIC SYNTHESIS OF GENERAL NON-SHARP SIMPLE DISTILLATION COLUMN SEQUENCES

An algorithmic approach was used to select recoveries for non-sharp sequence designs. Simple distillation columns were employed. The non-key component distribution was modeled using the Fenske equation. The combination of producing impure products and allowing non-key component distribution, results in a large search space. With this large search space size and software limitations, five problems were solved (see summary table in the Design Examples sub-section). The optimal non-key component distribution was found to be significant but not necessarily maximal. Parallel processing was selected as optimal in contrast to the more traditional sequential processing.     

提高热轧带卷的成材率途径

莱钢1500mm热轧生产线于2005年6月投产。通过对轧钢生产过程中各环节的有效控制,使成材率显著提高,居于全国同行业领先水平,取得了良好的经济效益。     

石膏制品防水防潮剂的研制与开发

本文提出采用高分子有机材料配合，生产石膏制品防水防潮剂的生产方法和工艺。该剂还可以应用到氧化镁系列板材，同时提出开发珠光或彩色防水防潮剂，能达到满足的装饰效果，值提开发推广。     

Air entrainment in fresh concrete with PFA

The results of a study into the influence of PFA on air entrainment in fresh concrete are discussed It is shown that the required dosage of AEA to produce an air content of 5.5 ± 0.5% in a PFA modified concrete mix is two-six times that required in the corresponding neat OPC concrete mix. The dosage of a vinsol based air entraining agent (AEA) required appears to be directly related to the PFA content of the mix. Similar direct relationships were obtained with a range of different PFAs. The dosage of an AEA based on the salt of a fatty acid appears to be sensitive to both PFA and OPC contents. For the type of PFA used, the variability of measured air content or the amount of air retained after continued agitation both indicated that vinsol based AEAs show the highest variability whilst fatty acid based AEAs show low variability. The between batch variability of air content was significantly improved by the addition of PFA regardless of the AEA used.     

室温磁制冷材料La（Fe0.94Co0.06）11.7Si1.3在去离子水中腐蚀行为的研究木

针对La（Fe0.94Co0.06）11.7Si1.3磁制冷材料在去离子水中的腐蚀行为进行了研究，结果表明，腐蚀速率随时间的变化而变化，开始时腐蚀速率较快，随着时间的延长，腐蚀速率逐渐变慢。XPS能谱分析表明，腐蚀产物主要由γ-Fe2O3、Co（OH）2及H2SiO3组成，产物形态较为疏松，不足以对基体形成有效保护。腐蚀产物中没有发现La的信息，其具体原因有待在后续工作中进一步深入探讨。     

Distribution of diethylstilboestrol in pigs

The synthetic growth promoter diethylstilboestrol (DES) administered orally to pigs can be detected by radioimmunoassay (RIA) analysis of kidney, liver, faeces, bile and urine from animals fed continuously to slaughter, but not in muscle, fat or plasma. If treated animals are fed on material not containing DES for 72 h prior to slaughter, then the levels of parent compound and metabolite in all products decrease to become not significantly greater than those in control animals. The gross metabolism of DES in pigs and bovines appears to be similar.     

连续化,高速化,自动化是提高线材制品在国内外市场竞争力的根本出路

对线材制品从连续化、自动化、高速化等方面与国外企业生产状况进行了分析比较,提出了实现生产过程的连续化、高速化、自动化是发展我国线材制品的必由之路的观点。