用带式机过滤薯干原料柠檬酸发酵液的研究

通过探索、小试和大生产试验,对如何提高薯干原料制备的柠檬酸发酵液的过滤性能进行了研究,使以薯干为原料的柠檬酸厂采用带式过滤发酵液成为可能,经济效益非常显著。     

甘薯淀粉性质的研究

研究了甘薯淀粉的理化性质,结果表明:其颗粒粒径的平均值为5~31mm,结晶结构属C型,直链淀粉含量18.5%,糊化温度为60.8~78.5℃。甘薯淀粉的透明度为42%,凝胶强度为98g。     

Response of Colorado potato beetles,Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), to volatile components of tansy,Tanacetum vulgare

The responses of Colorado potato beetle,Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), to volatile components of tansy,Tanacetum vulgare L., were investigated in order to establish a chemical basis for observed reduction in beetle populations when potatoes,Solanum tuberosum L., were interplanted with tansy. Colorado potato beetles exhibited avoidance behavior to tansy oil, volatiles from intact tansy plants, a hydrocarbon fraction of tansy oil, obtained by fractionation on alumina, and five of the 13 known components of tansy oil that were tested. One constituent of tansy oil, -pinene, attracted beetles.     

甘薯淀粉的理化特性、生产与应用

甘著是世界第六大粮食作物,淀粉含量高达其块根干重的80％,广泛应用于食品、医药和化工等行业.介绍了甘薯淀粉的理化特性、生产技术以及应用现状,以期为甘薯淀粉的进一步研究和有效利用提供参考.     

酶-微波辅助提取紫薯花青素的工艺研究

以紫薯为原料,0.3%盐酸-90%乙醇为溶剂（酸醇比为50∶50）,在料液比为1∶10 g/mL时,采用单因素实验法对提取工艺条件进行优化,确定了纤维素酶-微波辅助提取紫薯中花青素的最佳工艺条件为：纤维素酶用量3 mg/g,纤维素酶提取温度40℃,酶提取时间15 min,微波平均辐射功率600 W（温度70℃）,微波辐射时间7 min。对比实验结果表明,酶-微波辅助提取法较单纯盐酸乙醇浸提法,花青素的产率提高了1.86倍,而提取时间缩短了82%。     

Fibre diffraction in the analysis of filamentous virus structure

In many plant and bacterial viruses, a filamentous nucleocapsid makes up the entire virus particle. These viruses usually form fibres naturally, but they do not crystallize. Fibre diffraction has therefore been the method of choice for structural studies, aided in recent years by cryo-electron microscopy (EM) and solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR). Filamentous viruses, particularly tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), have been important in developing fibre diffraction methods, and fibre diffraction allowed TMV to be among the first virus structures determined. Structures of several viruses related to TMV and several filamentous bacterial viruses have been determined at resolutions of 3?Å or better, and lower resolution structures have been determined by fibre diffraction, sometimes in conjunction with other methods, for many other, unrelated, filamentous viruses.     

Physical characteristics of sweet potato pulp/polycaprolactone blends

Sweet potato pulp (SSP) obtained as a by‐product from starch extraction was blended with polycaprolactone (PCL) to prepare a biodegradable plastic material. In the blends, PCL was used as a reinforcing agent. The SPP/PCL blends were prepared by compression‐molding under high temperature and pressure, at different SPP/PCL ratios, and the mechanical properties of the molded specimens were tested. Matrix structure and thermal properties were measured by using a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Mechanical properties (tensile and flexural properties) were also measured to find the most suitable ratio in a SSP/PCL blend. During compression molding of the SPP/PCL blends under high pressure and temperature, chemical reaction occurred between SPP and PCL, and thus, thermal stability and mechanical strength of the blends increased and water uptake decreased. Also, by increasing the PCL content in the blend, the matrix in the blend became more homogeneous, and consequently, mechanical strength of the molded specimen increased. At 7/3 or 6/4 weight ratio of SSP/PCL, water uptake of the molded specimen became substantially less than that at 8/2. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 861–866, 2004     

高浓度马铃薯淀粉废水处理工艺研究现状及发展

分析了高浓度马铃薯淀粉废水的水质特性及污染因子,介绍了目前国内外对高浓度马铃薯淀粉废水的传统处理工艺及可行性分析。通过对北方气候和马铃薯淀粉生产特点的分析,提出适合此特点的膜酵母反应器处理淀粉废水新工艺。结果表明,膜酵母反应器处理工艺适合北方马铃薯淀粉废水的高效处理。     

微波辅助法提取紫甘薯中的原花青素及含量的测定

研究了以紫甘薯为原料,利用微波辅助法提取原花青素时提取剂浓度、料液比、微波处理时间等因素对提取率的影响。结果表明,在此最佳实验条件下,即以盐酸的乙醇溶液为提取液,在乙醇的体积分数为50％,料液比（g：mL）为1．70,微波处理70s,所得的原花青素浸提量为0．96mg／g。     

丙炔(噁)草酮在马铃薯和土壤中的残留及安全使用评价

[方法]采用田间试验方法,对丙炔(噁)草酮在马铃薯植株及土壤中的残留消解动态及最终残留量进行了研究,用气相色谱电子捕获检测器进行定量分析.[结果]消解动态试验结果表明:丙炔(噁)草酮在土壤中的半衰期为12.9～13.6 d,在马铃薯植株中原始沉积量较低,无法计算半衰期;最终残留量试验结果表明:80％丙炔(噁)草酮可湿性粉剂按施药剂量为216、324 g a.i./hm2,喷药1次,收获期马铃薯块茎中丙炔(噁)草酮的残留量均未检出,土壤中丙炔(噁)草酮残留量为0.0393～0.0695 mg/kg.[结论]推荐80％丙炔(噁)草酮可湿性粉剂在马铃薯上使用安全间隔期为收获期.