Overview on mitigation of acrylamide in starchy fried and baked foods

Acrylamide in fried and baked foods has the potential to cause toxic effects in animals and humans. A major challenge lies in developing an effective strategy for acrylamide mitigation in foods without altering its basic properties. Food scientists around the world have developed various methods to mitigate the presence of acrylamide in fried food products. Mitigation techniques using additives such as salts, amino acids, cations and organic acids along with blanching of foods have reduced the concentration of acrylamide. The use of secondary metabolites such as polyphenols also reduces acrylamide concentration in fried food products. Other mitigation techniques such as asparaginase pre‐treatment and low‐temperature air frying with chitosan have been effective in mitigating the concentration of acrylamide. The combined pre‐treatment process along with the use of additives is the latest trend in acrylamide mitigation. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry     

米炒党参炮制过程中党参炔苷、5-HMF和党参多糖含量动态变化研究

目的：研究不同米炒党参在炮制过程中党参炔苷、5-HMF和党参多糖的动态变化。方法：高效液相色谱法测定党参炔苷、5-HMF含量,紫外-可见分光光度法测定党参多糖含量动态变化过程。结果：（1）党参炔苷：随着炒制时间的延长,党参炔苷含量均呈先上升后下降趋势;在相同时间间隔点,小米炒党参炔苷含量较高。（2）5-HMF：随着炒制时间的延长,5-HMF含量均呈显著上升趋势;在相同时间间隔点,小米炒党参5-HMF含量较低。（3）党参多糖：随着炒制时间的延长,党参多糖含量均呈先上升后下降趋势;在相同的时间间隔点,炒制时间为5.5min之前的样品中小米炒党参多糖含量均高于大米炒党参,炒制时间为5.5min之后的样品中小米炒党参多糖含量均略低于大米炒党参。结论：党参分别采用小米、大米炒制后,3种成分均发生了显著变化,但小米炒党参和大米炒党参变化趋势不一致。     

淀粉和食用胶对油炸面制品油脂含量和油脂分布的影响

研究了淀粉种类及配比和食用胶种类及添加量对油炸面制品油脂含量和油脂分布的影响。采用索氏抽提法测定油炸面制品中的油脂含量,采用激光共聚焦扫描显微镜测定其断面的油脂分布。结果表明:以20%的木薯淀粉与80%的A4小麦淀粉为原料,加入0.5%酪朊酸钠、1%食用盐、0.5%Na HCO3、0.5%KHCO3、40%水,制作出的油炸面制品不仅油脂含量低而且油脂分布均匀。     

Composition and functionality of wheat bran and its application in some cereal food products

Production of wheat bran (WB) for human consumption is estimated to be about 90 million tonnes per year. WB is a cheap and abundant source of dietary fibre which has been linked to improved bowel health and possible prevention of some diseases such as colon cancer. It also contains minerals, vitamins and bioactive compounds such as phenolic acids, arabinoxylans, alkylresorcinol and phytosterols. These compounds have been suggested as an aid in prevention of noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease. This article discusses WB extraction, its nutritional properties, potential health benefits, effects on quality and sensory properties of some cereal foods, and its application in some baked products as well as in fried cereal snacks, as an additive for oil reduction and fibre enrichment.     

GC-MS测定薯类油炸食品及洋快餐中丙烯酰胺

利用中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所的样品前处理方法,采用气相色谱和四级杆一级质谱联用技术对薯类油炸食品及洋快餐两类8种食品中丙烯酰胺进行了测定,以相对保留时间和丙烯酰胺相应监测离子的丰度进行定性分析。结果表明,丙烯酰胺标准各浓度水平的相对响应因子RRF的相对标准偏差(RSD)小于20%,满足内标法计算要求,薯类油炸食品丙烯酰胺含量为456～5269μg/kg,洋快餐食品中丙烯酰胺含量为147～214μg/kg。     

Quality Mapping and Positioning of Sev—A Deep Fat Fried Snack

“Sev,” savory prepared from chickpea flour is a popular snack item for its appealing flavor and texture. Mapping and positioning of market samples consisting different varieties like Small (S1, S2, S3), Medium (M1, M2, M3), and Big (B1, B2, B3, B4) were carried out using principal component analysis. Samples were subjected to sensory profiling resulting in small variety samples were crisper compared to other varieties. Texture measurement indicated breaking strength was higher in big variety samples. Color analysis showed significant difference in L*, a*, and b* values. Principal component analysis results indicated that S1 and S2 were associated with crispness, uniform texture, and typical fried oil aroma. Commercially available sev samples were significantly different in their quality parameters, which was indicated by the study. Study showed that small variety (S3) had the highest overall quality among all the samples, which also had high sensory scores for crispness.     

休闲食品加工技术研究进展

休闲食品伴随人们生活方式和食品科技及产业的发展得到迅速发展,已成为人们日常生活中不可缺失的部分。休闲食品行业的快速发展除了归功于政策推动,极为重要的发展动力还源于支撑整个行业前进的食品加工技术,其中包括膨化技术、挤压技术、油炸技术、脱水干燥技术等。这些关键的加工技术在近年来也发生了极大的变化,呈现出复合化的趋势,这些改变克服了很多以往加工中的缺点,拓宽了原料选择范围,丰富了产品种类,优化了产品质量。本文综述了休闲食品中重要的膨化技术、挤压技术、油炸技术、脱水干燥技术的应用及其研究进展,意在推动休闲食品创新发展的步伐。     

真空油炸胡萝卜片工艺研究与经济效益分析

胡萝卜营养丰富,但胡萝卜所固有的气味为很多人不习惯,为了除去胡萝卜特有的滋味和气味,加工成高品质、色、香、味、俱佳的松脆可口的胡萝卜片,对其影响胡萝卜的质量的因素进行了研究,确定其最佳工艺条件,并对其工业化生产进行了经济效益分析。     

花生油炸制油条香气物质的分析鉴定

采取同时蒸馏萃取制备样品,气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)、稀释法气相色谱-嗅闻(GC-O)对花生油炸制油条香气成分进行分析鉴定。基于检索NIST14质谱库、保留指数,气-质联机鉴定出83种化合物,包括醛类、酮类、醇类、酯类、酸类、含硫化合物、含氮杂环、含氧杂环、烃类、其他类,含量最高的是醛类,其中己醛、壬醛、(E)-2-癸烯醛、(E,Z)-2,4-癸二烯醛的含量远高于鉴定出的所有其它化合物。基于GC-MS鉴定结果、嗅闻的保留指数、嗅闻的气味特征及标准品,GC-O分析鉴定出30种香气活性物质,其中3-羟基-2-丁酮、3-乙基-2,5-二甲基吡嗪、糠醇、(E,E)-2,4-癸二烯醛、2,3-二甲基吡嗪、己醛、庚醛、(E)-2-壬烯醛、(E)-2-癸烯醛、(E)-2-十一烯醛、3-甲基丁醛、3-甲硫基丙醛、丙醛、辛醛、壬醛、(Z)-2-癸烯醛、1-辛烯-3-醇等17种化合物具有较高的稀释因子(log₂FD≥5)。通过本实验研究发现,花生油炸制油条中挥发性化合物种类丰富,构成了花生油条独特的油脂香、焦香、甜香等风味,其中醛类、含氧杂环化合物及含氮杂环化合物含量较高,是花生油炸制油条风味物质的主要成分。