Evaluation of antimicrobial effects of lauric arginate on reduction of Salmonella spp. in ground chicken

The efficacy of lauric arginate (LAE) on Salmonella survivability in ground chicken containing 9.8% fat was determined under refrigerated storage. The effect of LAE treatments on total aerobes, pH and objective colour were also assessed in ground chicken. LAE was highly effective against Salmonella in 0.1% peptone with no detectable survivors following treatment with 200 ppm and 400 ppm of LAE. No difference existed (P > 0.05) in the growth of Salmonella and total aerobes after treatment with 200 and 400 ppm of LAE in ground chicken inoculated with a four strain mixture of Salmonella. At these concentrations, LAE did not exhibit any treatment effect on the pH and colour of ground chicken (P > 0.05). In conclusion, although LAE possesses strong inhibitory (P < 0.05) effect against Salmonella in suspension in 0.1% peptone water, no inhibitory (P > 0.05) effect on growth of Salmonella was observed in ground chicken at the currently approved levels of 200 ppm of LAE.     

Quality Mapping and Positioning of Sev—A Deep Fat Fried Snack

“Sev,” savory prepared from chickpea flour is a popular snack item for its appealing flavor and texture. Mapping and positioning of market samples consisting different varieties like Small (S1, S2, S3), Medium (M1, M2, M3), and Big (B1, B2, B3, B4) were carried out using principal component analysis. Samples were subjected to sensory profiling resulting in small variety samples were crisper compared to other varieties. Texture measurement indicated breaking strength was higher in big variety samples. Color analysis showed significant difference in L*, a*, and b* values. Principal component analysis results indicated that S1 and S2 were associated with crispness, uniform texture, and typical fried oil aroma. Commercially available sev samples were significantly different in their quality parameters, which was indicated by the study. Study showed that small variety (S3) had the highest overall quality among all the samples, which also had high sensory scores for crispness.     

HPLC-MS/MS法检测鸡肉食品中金刚烷胺残留

采用HPLC-MS/MS法对鸡肉食品中金刚烷胺的残留进行了检测分析.结果显示,在103份待测样品中19份检测到金刚烷胺残留,其在鸡肝、鸡翅、鸡腿中的残留量分别为5.5、32.6～92.4、11.4～25.3μg/kg,而在鸡胸肉中未有检出.上述结果表明,鸡体的不同部位所含金刚烷胺的残留量不尽相同,同时也表明,在鸡养殖行业内还部分地存在金刚烷胺的违规使用现象,有必要对该违规行为作进一步的监管.     

去骨凤爪凝胶特性影响因素的研究

以市售凤爪为原料,建立凤爪凝胶特性的综合评价指标,研究压力、pH、氯化钠添加量和柠檬酸钙添加量对去骨凤爪凝胶强度、弹性、脆度和持水率的影响。试验结果表明：四个单因素均能显著提高凤爪的凝胶性能。各因素对去骨凤爪凝胶特性综合指标影响的主次顺序为：氯化钠添加量〉柠檬酸钙添加量〉压力〉pH。由正交试验结果表明去骨凤爪凝胶特性最佳的组合为：500MPa压力下保压25min、pH4.0、氯化钠添加量为1.0%,柠檬酸钙添加量为0.04%。在此组合下,去骨凤爪凝胶特性最好,综合指标为94.765。     

不同二氧化碳比例气调对冷鲜鸡肉中荧光假单胞菌的抑制作用

为研究不同体积分数二氧化碳气调包装对冷鲜鸡保鲜效果的影响,以辐照灭菌后接种荧光假单胞菌为 103 CFU/g左右的冷鲜鸡胸肉为原料,设置各组气调比例：M1组（V（CO2）∶V（N2）＝0∶100）、M2组（V（CO2）∶ V（N2）＝20∶80）、M3组（V（CO2）∶V（N2）＝40∶60）、M4组（V（CO2）∶V（N2）＝60∶40）,以托盘包装作 为对照,在（4±1）℃贮藏条件下测定气调包装盒的凹陷程度、荧光假单胞菌总数、pH值、挥发性盐基氮和腐胺 含量的变化。结果表明：荧光假单胞菌总数、挥发性盐基氮和腐胺含量随着贮藏时间延长而上升,随二氧化碳体积 分数的升高而下降;凹陷程度随着贮藏时间的延长及二氧化碳体积分数的升高而升高,即M4组气调包装盒的凹陷 程度显著高于其他3 组（P＜0.05）,影响产品的外观。M2组的气调包装盒的凹陷程度和腐胺含量与M3组无显著性 差异（P＞0.05）,在贮藏9～12 d之间,挥发性盐基氮含量也与M3组无显著差异（P＞0.05）,能达到同样的保鲜 效果。此外,同体积的二氧化碳的成本高于氮气。整体来看,在（4±1）℃贮藏条件下,20%～40%体积分数的二 氧化碳气调包装能抑制冷鲜鸡胸肉中荧光假单胞菌的生长繁殖。     

烧鸡的防腐与保鲜

实验以烧鸡鸡肉为原材料,对烧鸡的防腐保鲜进行初步研究。根据培养条件培养鸡肉细菌来做抑菌试验,通过对不同防腐保鲜液的抑菌实验,筛选出最佳保鲜液;再结合真空包装和微波杀菌的保鲜方法,进行贮藏。结果表明:最佳复合保鲜剂配方为Nisin浓度0.05,溶菌酶浓度0.05,双乙酸钠浓度1的保鲜液。将烧鸡鸡肉浸泡于此保鲜液中60s,再进行真空包装和微波杀菌,在36℃条件下,至少可保藏11d,其微生物、感官指标均在国标允许范围内,可以有效延长鸡肉的保质期。     

A three-prong strategy to develop functional food using protein isolates recovered from chicken processing by-products with isoelectric solubilization/precipitation

BACKGROUND: Skin‐on bone‐in chicken drumsticks were processed with isoelectric solubilization/precipitation to recover muscle proteins. The drumsticks were used as a model for dark chicken meat processing by‐products. The main objective of this study was conversion of dark chicken meat processing by‐products to restructured functional food product. An attempt was made to develop functional food product that would resemble respective product made from boneless skinless chicken breast meat. A three‐prong strategy to address diet‐driven cardiovascular disease (CVD)with a functional food was used in this study. The strategy included addition of three ingredients with well‐documented cardiovascular benefits: (i) ω‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid‐rich oil (flaxseed‐algae, 9:1); (ii) soluble fiber; and (iii) salt substitute. Titanium dioxide, potato starch, polyphosphate, and transglutaminase were also added. The batters were formulated and cooked resulting in heat‐set gels. RESULTS: Color (L*a*b*), texture (torsion test, Kramer shear test, and texture profile analysis), thermal denaturation (differential scanning calorimetry), and gelation (dynamic rheology) of chicken drumstick gels and chicken breast gels were determined and compared. Chicken drumstick gels generally had comparable color and texture properties to the gels made from chicken breast meat. The endothermic transition (thermal denaturation) of myosin was more pronounced and gelation properties were better for the drumstick gels. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated a feasibility to develop functional food made of muscle proteins recovered with isoelectric solubilization/precipitation from low‐value dark chicken meat processing by‐products. The functional food developed in this study was enriched with CVD‐beneficial nutrients and had comparable instrumental quality attributes to respective products made of chicken breast meat. Although the results of this study point towards the potential for a novel, marketable functional food product, sensory tests and storage stability study are recommended. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

不同预处理条件对低温真空油炸马铃薯片品质的影响

本研究采用理化测定及感官评分相结合的方法考察了预处理过程中切片厚度、冷冻温度、护色液三因素对低温真空油炸马铃薯片的感官及品质的影响。结果表明,切片厚度2 mm,冷冻温度-18～-20℃,0.1%柠檬酸护色液为最佳的预处理措施。     

绿色食品烧鸡加工及其感官评价研究

对绿色食品烧鸡加工工艺进行了研究,并采用模糊数学法对绿色食品烧鸡感官质量进行综合评定,结果表明,该绿色食品烧鸡感官评定的级别为较好,模糊数学法适用于其感官评价。     

水煮中心温度对鸡胸肉食用品质的影响

以鸡胸肉为原料,研究水煮中心温度对鸡胸肉感官品质、蒸煮损失、剪切力、肉色等食用指标的影响,为鸡肉在加工时选择合适的煮制温度提供参考。结果表明:水煮中心温度为90℃时,鸡胸肉的感官品质最佳;在70～90℃时蒸煮损失显著增加,持水性下降速率较快;80℃是鸡胸肉剪切力值改变的关键温度点;70,90℃是鸡胸肉肉色改变的关键温度点。