天铁炼铁技术进步

近十年来，天铁集团炼铁厂通过改善原燃料条件；优化炉料结构，提高入炉品位；采用提高炉顶压力、富氧喷煤、低硅冶炼、炉顶气象系统等多项先进技术，使高炉各项经济技术指标逐年提高。     

小型加氢站网络的成本分析

在2008年之前,上海的燃料电池汽车数量将达到百辆级规模,为了示范运行这些车辆,迫切需要建立一个有若干个加氢站组成的小型网络来提供加氢服务,为此需要确定投资运营成本。本文通过建立氢气运输成本模型(HTCM)和加氢站成本模型(HSCM),以90辆燃料电池轿车和10辆燃料电池公交车为服务对象,对由4种不同类型共5个加氢站组成的小型网络为案例,计算了每个加氢站的投资运行成本、氢气使用成本。结果表明,整个加氢站网络的年均总成本大约为769万元,而氢气的最终使用成本依据不同的供氢方式在30~77元/kg之间。     

Properties and Performance of Cation-Doped Ceria Electrolyte Materials in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Applications

Cation-doped CeO₂ electrolyte has been evaluated in single-cell and short-stack tests in solid oxide fuel cell environments and applications. These results, along with conductivity measurements, indicate that an ionic transference number of ∼0.75 can be expected at 800°C. Single cells have shown a power density >350 mW/cm². Multicell stacks have demonstrated a peak performance of >100 mW/cm² at 700°C using metallic separators.     

以杂多酸为催化剂合成乙二醇-乙醚的研究

研究了杂多酸催化无水乙醇和环氧乙烷(EO)制备乙醇乙醚的醚化反应,考察了不同种类的杂多酸以及醚化反应工艺条件对反应活性和选择性的影响.结果表明,PW_(12)催化剂的反应活性高、反应温度低、选择性好,当用PW_(12)作催化剂,乙醇与环氧化乙烷之比为3.0(mol),反应温度45℃,反应时间1h时,转化率和选择性均超过97%.     

轻水堆发展规划的核燃料循环模型及优化

一、前言提高核燃料循环的经济性是增进核动力经济性极为重要的一环。国外有人提出利用动态线性规划方法,依据燃料循环中各环节内在的物理和化工过程,建立起一系列线性方     

关于我国二乙胺的生产技术及其发展

概述了乙醇氨解法等二乙胺的六类合成方法及国内外二乙胺的生产情况，指出了我国二乙胺生产技术与国外的差距，提出了扩大生产规模、开发下游产品、开发或引进加压加氢工艺等建议     

乙醇电氧化的研究进展

简要地叙述了国内外乙醇电催化氧化的研究进展，着重介绍不同电极材料对乙醇电氧化的影响及目前所提山的机理，并对其可能的研究方向提出了建议。     

Olfactory recognition of nonhosts aspen and birch by conifer bark beetlesTomicus piniperda andHylurgops palliatus

The field response ofTomicus piniperda (L.) andHylurgops palliatus (Gyll.) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) to the attractant ethanol in combination with volatile wood constituents released from the nonhost tree speciesPopulus tremula L. (Salicaceae) andBetula pendula Roth (Betulaceae) was studied using flight barrier traps. The attraction of both species decreased when aspen or birch wood was added to the ethanol bait. The same was true forRhizophagus depressus (F.) (Coleoptera: Rhizophagidae), a predatory species associated with conifer bark beetles.Glischrochilus quadripunctatus (L-),Epuraea bickhardti St.-Claire Deville,E. unicolor (Oliv.) (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), andRhizophagus parvutus (Payk.) (Coleoptera: Rhizophagidae) were caught in higher numbers in traps baited with both ethanol and wood of aspen or birch than in traps baited with ethanol alone. In a separate experiment, landings ofT. piniperda andH. palliatus on nonhosts (black plastic tubes) were demonstrated with sticky traps.     

Production of biodiesel from waste fryer grease using mixed methanol/ethanol system

Transesterification of waste fryer grease (WFG) containing 5–6 wt.% free fatty acid (FFA) was carried out with methanol, ethanol, and mixtures of methanol/ethanol maintaining the oil to alcohol molar ratio of 1:6, and initially with KOH as a catalyst. Mixtures of methanol and ethanol were used for transesterification in order to use the better solvent property of ethanol and rapid equilibrium using methanol. Formation of soap by reaction of FFA present in WFG with KOH instigated difficulty in the separation of glycerol from biodiesel ester. To untangle this problem, two-stage (acid and alkali catalyzed) method was used for biodiesel synthesis. More than 90% ester was obtained when two-stage method was used compared to ∼ 50% ester in single stage alkaline catalyst. In the case of mixed alcohol, a relatively smaller amount of ethyl esters was formed along with methyl esters. Acid value, viscosity, and cetane number of all the esters prepared from WFG were within the range of the ASTM standard. Esters obtained from WFG showed good performance as a lubricity additive.     

Highly active lanthanum doped nickel anode for solid oxide fuel cells directly fuelled with methane

Lanthanum doped nickel and YSZ composite anode (LaNi–YSZ) exhibited a greatly reduced polarization resistance and high performance for electrochemical oxidation of hydrogen and methane, which resulted from a fine anode structure with a high dispersion of nickel catalyst and a high catalytic activity towards methane.