Genetic Architecture and Molecular,Imaging and Prodromic Markers in Dementia with Lewy Bodies: State of the Art,Opportunities and Challenges

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is one of the most common causes of dementia and belongs to the group of α-synucleinopathies. Due to its clinical overlap with other neurodegenerative disorders and its high clinical heterogeneity, the clinical differential diagnosis of DLB from other similar disorders is often difficult and it is frequently underdiagnosed. Moreover, its genetic etiology has been studied only recently due to the unavailability of large cohorts with a certain diagnosis and shows genetic heterogeneity with a rare contribution of pathogenic mutations and relatively common risk factors. The rapid increase in the reported cases of DLB highlights the need for an easy, efficient and accurate diagnosis of the disease in its initial stages in order to halt or delay the progression. The currently used diagnostic methods proposed by the International DLB consortium rely on a list of criteria that comprises both clinical observations and the use of biomarkers. Herein, we summarize the up-to-now reported knowledge on the genetic architecture of DLB and discuss the use of prodromal biomarkers as well as recent promising candidates from alternative body fluids and new imaging techniques.     

解析参数对活性焦再生过程及再生效果的影响

 活性焦的热解析参数对再生活性焦的脱硫脱硝性能和机械强度至关重要。为了明确解析参数对活性焦再生过程和再生效果的影响规律,通过热解析试验探究活性焦硫残余比例、CO₂和CO生成量及再生活性焦脱硫脱硝性能随解析温度和解析时间的变化规律,继而明确适宜的活性焦热解析参数。结果表明,活性焦升温解析过程中,脱硫产物在317 ℃左右迅速分解,随后分解速率下降;在进入恒温解析阶段后脱硫产物分解速率先快速下降,而后进入缓慢解析状态。硫残余比例随恒温解析温度的升高而下降,在530 ℃下解析3 h可使脱硫产物完全解析;解析温度高于430 ℃后,活性焦表面的酚基、醌基、内酯基等含氧官能团分解量明显增加,并随恒温解析温度的升高而持续增加,分解所生成的CO和CO₂也随之大幅增加,这将使活性焦的孔隙结构进一步发展,继而不利于活性焦机械强度的保持;解析温度低于530 ℃时,硫残余比例随解析温度的升高而持续降低,使再生活性焦的脱硫脱硝性能持续提高;解析温度高于530 ℃后,含氧官能团分解量随解析温度的升高而持续增加,这将有利于提高活性焦表面SO₂氧化反应速率,继而使再生活性焦的脱硫性能持续升高,但酚基、内酯基等酸性含氧官能团的分解使再生活性焦对NH₃的吸附性能降低,进而使其脱硝性能降低。在兼顾再生活性焦脱硫脱硝性能、机械强度和生产效率等多方面因素时,430 ℃恒温解析3 h是相对较优的解析参数。在此解析条件下,再生活性焦的硫残余比例仅为1.8%,含氧官能团尚未发生大量分解,脱硫脱硝性能相对较为优良。     

提高杂质泵过流部件品质的工艺技术

从杂质泵过流部件的需求现状和失效分析、材质和化学成分选用时的量化指数 ,介绍了护套、后护板、前护板 ,叶轮等铸造工艺 ,热处理工艺要点 ,提出了提高杂质泵过流部件品质的闭环系统。     

关于钛的回顾与评价（Ⅱ）

综述了１９９４～１９９５年间若干磁性功能材料研究及应用的进展，包括Ｆｅ—Ｎ系高磁矩材料，自旋阀巨磁电阻材料，Ｓｍ２Ｆｅ（１７）Ｘｙ系新稀土永磁材料，磁浮列车新设计，高梯度磁分离技术应用和ＹＩＧ微波铁氧体应用。     

6005合金型材代替6063合金型材用于建筑幕墙

根据6005铝合金工业型材的生产经验，对6005和6063铝合金型材的合金成分、力学性能、时效制度、尺寸保证进行分析对比，确定6005铝合金型材代替6063铝合金型材应用于建筑幕墙领域的可行性。     

新型功能高分子材料及其应用

功能高分子是一类具有特殊用途的高分子材料 ,印迹高分子、敏感性水凝胶和固定化酶是三种较有特色的功能高分子材料。该文将对上述三种功能高分子材料以及它们在生化分离、生物催化、物质分析与检测以及药物控制释放中的应用做一介绍 ,同时也对它们的不足和发展前景进行了评述     

介孔材料化学改性研究进展

综述了介孔材料化学改性目的，改性原理以及改性方法。介孔材料的化学改性包括对材料骨架的修饰以及对孔道表面的功能化，介孔材料表面自由硅醇键、双羟基硅醇踺是化学改性的基础，利用疏水性物质改性可以提高材料的水热稳定性，引入催化活性组分可以提高催化性能，利用具有特定官能团的硅烷偶连剂改性，则能够实现特殊的目的。详述了化学改性方法，包括元素取代法、共价键移植法和有机硅烷偶连法。元素取代法是对分子筛骨架结构的修饰，共价键移植法是一种不引起孔道结构破坏且非常有效的骨架修饰方法，对介孔材料表面进行有机硅烷偶连剂法修饰改性主要有两种途径：即共沉淀法和后移植法。     

Visualising a knowledge mapping of information systems investment evaluation

Information systems (IS) facilitate organisations to increase responsiveness and reduce the costs of their supply chain. This paper seeks to make a contribution through exploring and visualising knowledge mapping from the perspective of IS investment evaluation. The evaluation of IS is regarded as a challenging and complex process, which becomes even more difficult with the increased complexity of IS. The intricacy of IS evaluation, however, is due to numerous interrelated factors (e.g. costs, benefits and risks) that have human or organisational dimensions. With this in mind, there appears to be an increasing need to assess investment decision-making processes, to better understand the often far-reaching implications associated with technology adoption and interrelated knowledge components (KC). Through the identification and extrapolation of key learning issues from the literature and empirical findings, organisations can better improve their business processes and thereby their effectiveness and efficiency, while preventing others from making costly oversights that may not necessarily be only financial. In seeking to enlighten the often obscure evaluation of IS investments, this paper attempts to inductively emphasise the dissemination of knowledge and learning through the application of a fuzzy Expert System (ES) based knowledge mapping technique (i.e. Fuzzy Cognitive Map [FCM]). The rationale for exploring knowledge and IS investment evaluation is that a knowledge map will materialise for others to exploit during their specific technology evaluation. This is realised through conceptualising the explicit and tacit investment drivers. Among the several findings drawn from this research, the key resulting knowledge mapping through FCM demonstrated the complex, multifaceted and emergent behaviour of causal relationships within the knowledge area. The principal relationships and knowledge within IS investment evaluation are illustrated as being determined by a blend of managerial and user perspectives.