Rosmarinic Acid,as an NHE1 Activator,Decreases Skin Surface pH and Improves the Skin Barrier Function

Stratum corneum (SC) pH regulates skin barrier functions and elevated SC pH is an important factor in various inflammatory skin diseases. Acidic topical formulas have emerged as treatments for impaired skin barriers. Sodium proton exchanger 1 (NHE1) is an important factor in SC acidification. We investigated whether topical applications containing an NHE1 activator could improve skin barrier functions. We screened plant extracts to identify NHE1 activators in vitro and found Melissa officinalis leaf extract. Rosmarinic acid, a component of Melissa officinalis leaf extract, significantly increased NHE1 mRNA expression levels and NHE1 production. Immunofluorescence staining of NHE1 in 3D-cultured skin revealed greater upregulation of NHE1 expression by NHE1 activator cream, compared to vehicle cream. Epidermal lipid analysis revealed that the ceramide level was significantly higher upon application of the NHE1 activator cream on 3D-cultured skin, compared to application of a vehicle cream. In a clinical study of 50–60-year-old adult females (n = 21), application of the NHE1 activator-containing cream significantly improved skin barrier functions by reducing skin surface pH and transepidermal water loss and increasing skin hydration, compared to patients who applied vehicle cream and those receiving no treatment. Thus, creams containing NHE1 activators, such as rosmarinic acid, could help maintain or recover skin barrier functions.     

Alliinase-independent Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus B33 by Heated Garlic

ABSTRACT: Heated (121 °C) garlic extract in which alliinase was inactivated before crushing exhibited complete bacteriostatic activity at 15% against Staphylococcus aureus. Garlic heated for 45 min showed the highest antibacterial activity and the relative peak areas of 4-heptenal, methyl allyl disulfide, diallyl disulfide, 2-vinyl-4H-1,3-dithiin, and diallyl trisulfide (DATS) were highest at 45 min of heating. Other than 4-heptenal, all these compounds are known to possess different degrees of antibacterial activity. DATS was thought to be the primary antibacterial compound in heated garlic extract. It was tentatively concluded that antibacterial compounds were formed from alliin unreacted by alliinase by marked heating. Diallyl compounds with more than three sulfur atoms and the oxidized form of allicin were not detected.     

山楂对果蝇抗氧化相关调控基因表达的影响

以果蝇为动物模型,研究给予不同剂量山楂提取物（0、0.8、4 mg/mL）对果蝇寿命、抗氧化酶活力及抗氧化相关调控基因表达的影响。结果表明：添加山楂提取物可以延长果蝇寿命;体内抗氧化酶活力测定结果显示,添加0.8 mg/mL山楂提取物可以显著升高铜锌超氧化物歧化酶（CuZn-superoxide dismutase,CuZn-SOD）酶活力（P＜0.05）,给予4 mg/mL山楂提取物可以极显著升高CuZn-SOD酶活力（P＜0.01）和显著升高过氧化氢酶（catalase,CAT）酶活力（P＜0.05）,且降低丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）水平。实时定量PCR（real timepolymerasechain reaction,real time-PCR）,结果显示,给予4 mg/mL山楂提取物显著上调CuZn-SOD、CAT mRNA表达水平（P＜0.05）;给予0.8 mg/mL山楂提取物磷脂氢谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（phospholipid hydroperoxideglutathione peroxidase,PHGSH-Px） mRNA表达水平显著升高（P＜0.05）,4 mg/mL组表达水平极显著升高（P＜0.01）。综上,山楂在机体内抗氧化活性可能是通过上调内源性抗氧化酶来实现的。     

蒜辣酱油的研制

研制具有一定功能的保健酱油,以满足消费者生活水平提高,后更深层次的需求,不失为调味品企业在激烈的市场竞争中求得发展的一条途径。本文主要介绍了由公司研发室研制的蒜味酱油产品的生产工艺,操作要点及最佳配方的确定方法。     

鱼腥草中天然防腐剂的提取方法及其抑菌作用研究

本文研究了鱼腥草中天然防腐剂的提取方法和抑菌作用,结果表明,用食用乙醇提取鱼腥草中防腐物质的最佳提取工艺参数为:固液比1∶15,提取温度80℃,提取时间为10h。鱼腥草醇提取物对实验用常见食品污染菌有较强的抑制作用,对大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)为6·25mg/mL,对金黄色葡萄球菌为12·5mg/mL,对汉逊氏酵母菌为25mg/mL,对黑曲霉及青霉等均为50mg/mL,对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌活性pH范围均为47,对汉逊氏酵母菌为46。     

香辛料对亚硝酸钠的清除作用

研究花椒、八角、白胡椒香辛料对亚硝酸钠的清除作用,探讨提取液添加量、提取溶剂以及反应时间对清除效果的影响。结果表明,花椒和八角都以60%乙醇来提取作用效果较好,而白胡椒以无水乙醇来提取为佳;花椒、八角和白胡椒对亚硝酸钠的清除率都是随提取液添加量的增加呈现先增大后降低的趋势;与亚硝酸钠反应时间10min较为适宜;其中,花椒与八角按质量比1:2复配对亚硝酸钠的清除具有协同增效作用。     

非洲山毛豆种子提取物清除自由基活性的研究

应用DPPH法、结晶紫法、邻苯三酚自氧化法,分别测定以无水乙醇和无水乙醚为溶剂的山毛豆种子提取物清除1,1-二苯基-2-苦苯肼自由基(DPPH·)、羟自由基(·OH)、超氧阴离子(O2-·)的能力,及抑制脂质过氧化反应的能力.结果表明:在试验条件下,山毛豆乙醇提取物对DPPH·、·OH、O2-·、脂质过氧化体系清除活性最高分别为94.73%、96.43%、5.17%、60.28%;乙醚提取物(油脂)的清除率分别为88.54%、82.04%、19.63%、37.19%.因此,山毛豆的乙醇和乙醚提取物具有比较好的清除自由基能力,两者相比较,乙醇提取物清除自由基的能力强于乙醚提取物.     

南山茶饼中乙醇提取物5个多酚化合物的分离纯化

为综合开发利用油茶资源,对南山茶饼乙醇提取物的组分进行了制备和鉴定。将经过乙酸乙酯萃取和硅胶柱层析分离纯化收集的组分XVII、XXVII、XXVIII和XXXIV 4个组分进行了HPLC制备,得到了纯度分别为99.2%,95.4%,97.5%,99.1%,97.4%的5个化合物。用安捷伦高分辩率质谱工作站Qualitative Analysis B.06.00分子式计算器对质谱准分子离子碎片进行了化学式的计算,结合化合物的裂解规律和化合物物理化学性质,鉴定为原儿茶酸和4个黄酮类化合物。化合物的核磁共振鉴定将在另外的文章中报道。     

大蒜绿变物质的提取及其分离

研究了提取及分离纯化大蒜绿变物质的方法。结果表明,体积分数为80%的甲醇溶液,按料液比1∶3(g:mL),室温浸提24h,提取效果最好;利用薄层层析法进行色素的分离纯化,确定展层剂为体积分数77%甲醇、3%乙酸乙酯、0.24%HCl的水溶液,最终能达到初步分离纯化的目的。