REGIONAL 3D MODELLING OF THE PERMO‐CARBONIFEROUS AL KHLATA FORMATION IN THE RIMA AREA,EASTERN FLANK OF THE SOUTH OMAN SALT BASIN

The glaciogenic Al Khlata Formation (Late Carboniferous – Early Permian) contains important reservoir and seal intervals in oil fields in southern Oman. Here we describe a 3D regional geological model of the Al Khlata Formation and the underlying Misfar Group in a 1750 km² area in the Eastern Flank of the South Oman Salt Basin. The Misfar Group (Devonian‐Carboniferous?) was included in the model because it also contains glaciogenic facies in the study area. The 3D model is based on wireline logs from 42 wells, palynological zonation in 31 wells, cores from three wells, and a 2011 3D seismic dataset from which three horizons (top‐Huqf, top‐Rahab Shale and top‐Gharif) were interpreted throughout the study area. The combined Al Khlata and Misfar interval varies in thickness in the area from 20 to 730 m over relatively short distances. These large variations in thickness were due to the creation of accommodation in mini‐basins resulting from the removal of underlying Infracambrian salt at the basin margin. In places, some of the available accommodation was occupied by Cambrian sandstones of the Nimr Group and Haima Supergroup, influencing the location and thickness of the Al Khlata mini‐basins. These local depocentres vary in scale, shape and orientation relative to the present‐day salt edge: some are ovoid in plan‐view, others more linear and parallel to the salt edge, and one takes the form of a narrow graben almost perpendicular to the salt edge. By the Early Permian, towards the end of Al Khlata time, deposits become more blanket‐like and uniform, indicating an external or more regional control on base level. Four key lithofacies have been distinguished from wireline logs and were populated zone‐by‐zone through the geological model: sandstone (reservoir), shale (seal), and sandy and silty diamictite. Sandstones are most common towards the base of the Misfar – Al Khlata interval and shales towards the top. The Rahab Shale (Early Permian) at the top of the Al Khlata Formation forms an important seal for oil fields in South Oman, often in combination with seals in overlying intervals. The Rahab Shale was the first widespread seal to be deposited which may have trapped oil migrating from the South Oman Salt Basin during the Palaeozoic. The most common lithofacies in the Misfar – Al Khlata interval in the modelled area is diamictite (60%), which is normally considered to be a waste‐rock lithology. However thick silty diamictites of sufficient extent can seal hydrocarbon accumulations, and some sandy diamictites have the potential to be unconventional reservoir rocks. Even after 50 years of exploration and production of oil from the Al Khlata Formation, there remains potential for further discoveries and overlooked pay zones due to its heterogeneous character and the occurrence of intra‐formational seals.     

柴油电脱水盐脱水系统的应用

中国石油天然气股份有限公司克拉玛依石化分公司为了解决900 kt/a汽柴油加氢装置存在的柴油和汽油质量问题,增加了柴油脱水系统。通过对不同电脱水技术的综合分析和比较,选用了复式高效交直流电脱水技术。通过电脱水与盐脱水系统的联用,可将柴油脱后水的质量分数降至300μg/g以下,同时降低了粗汽油中氮的质量分数,提高了汽油产品质量,达到了预期目标。     

新型聚合物LH-3500在孤岛油田污水中的耐温抗盐性能评价

通过新型聚合物LH-3500与孤岛油田现用及油田现有性能最优的聚合物在孤岛油田污水中进行的耐温抗盐性能评价,发现结构优化后的LH-3500的溶解性、耐温抗盐性及抗稀释性综合评价结果最优;而且浓度为1500mg/L的LH-3500的粘度即可与浓度为2300mg/L的现场注聚用的聚合物A和聚合物B的粘度相当;可以采用污水配制并大大减少聚合物用量。其在孤岛油田推广使用势必会带来巨大的经济效益和环境效益。     

后疫情时代下校园环境对大学生心理复愈性的影响

【目的】随着后疫情时代到来,复愈性环境的建设受到人们关注。校园作为学生们生活的主要场所,了解其对学生身心健康的影响具有重要意义。【方法】以西北农林科技大学校园为例,通过实地问卷调查法,对疫情隔离下校园不同环境带给大学生的心理复愈性差异以及影响环境心理复愈性的因素展开研究。【结果】结果表明：1）蓝色空间被认为是最具复愈性的环境,其次是操场和绿色空间,灰色空间最弱;2）环境偏好和环境复愈性呈正相关,增添环境偏好景观元素如水、鸟、树、鱼等有利于环境复愈性的提升;3）大学生进行混合行为的复愈效果最好,动态行为、静态行为次之,通过行为最弱。4）大学生在留校4个月内感知到的环境复愈性随停留时间的增长呈下降趋势,但停留时间最长的大学生心理复愈性评分最高。兼容性维度的提升更加有利于环境心理复愈性提升。【结论】研究揭示了复愈环境所具备的特征,有助于景观设计师们为校园复愈性环境的建设提供更多的思路和可能。     

T726井石炭系盐膏层钻井完井技术

T726井是中国石化西北分公司在塔河油田西南部边缘地区布置的一口重点评价井。针对塔里木盆地石炭系盐层埋藏深,温度高,地层压力大,极易发生“缩径、坍塌”,造成卡钻,同时由于盐岩层的塑性蠕动,形成不规则井眼,甚至造成套管挤毁变形事故,井身质量难以控制,固井质量难以保证等问题,通过对同类型已钻井进行总结分析,提出了一系列钻井技术措施,并在T726井严格实施。结果表明,施工全过程安全无事故,盐层套管无变形,井身质量和固井质量优良,为以后在该地区石炭系盐膏层安全钻井积累了成功的经验。     

基于细节保留的椒盐噪声自适应滤波算法

针对灰度图像中椒盐噪声的特点,提出了一种更加精确的噪声检测方法:该方法利用滤波窗口内像素点灰度值的不同,将受椒盐噪声污染的图像中像素点划分为噪声点,疑似噪声点和信号点.通过设定阈值,并参考相邻像素点的相关性来进一步区分疑似噪声点,最终建立噪声标记矩阵.对于被标记的噪声点,采用自适应滤波算法,保留更多的图像细节.仿真结果表明,该算法在除去噪声点的同时,对于边缘细节也有非常好的保护作用.     

基于多主体协作技术的光纤Bragg光栅传感器网络自修复实现

针对光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)传感器监测飞机机翼盒段试验件上的静态载荷,对多主体协作技术实现结构健康监测中光纤Bragg光栅传感器网络的自修复性进行研究。当某个主体的光纤Bragg光栅传感器发生故障时,首先,传感主体依据采集到的传感器信号利用支持向量回归机算法对外部载荷位置进行预测,然后系统协作主体对两个主体的预测结果进行协作,共同对故障传感器信号进行修复,最终获得损伤位置的识别结果。研究表明:多主体协作之后的损伤位置平均识别精度比单独采用任何一个主体的平均识别精度都高,可以对失效传感器信号进行一定的补偿、修复。     

前驱体对熔盐法制备SBN50模板晶粒的影响

分别以碳酸盐和硝酸盐为前驱体,采用熔盐法在750～1050℃合成了针状的Sr0.5Ba0.5Nb2O6(SBN50)模板晶粒。通过XRD,SEM分析方法,研究了前驱体对SBN50晶粒相结构和微观形貌的影响,并讨论了其形成机理。结果表明:前驱体性质的不同造成熔盐熔点时SrNb2O6数量和形貌的差异,影响最终SBN50晶粒的形貌;SBN50晶粒的生长是二维成核过程。     

M型铁氧体BaFeCoTiMnO微波吸收性能研究

采用共沉淀–熔盐法制备了M型铁氧体BaFe11.85-2xCoxTixMn0.15O19。运用TGA-DTA、XRD、SEM和矢量网络分析仪,对样品的晶化过程、相组成、显微形貌及微波吸收性能进行了表征。结果表明:Co2+、Ti4+固溶到铁氧体的晶格并取代Fe3+位,有助于提高铁氧体的电、磁损耗。当取代量x为1.2时,微波吸收最强,制得的样品的吸波频率在8.2～12.4 GHz范围内,tanδe、tanδμ的最大值分别为:9.0,6.8。     

不同方法制备BiNbO4微波陶瓷的研究

研究了固相反应法和熔盐法两种制备方法对BiNbO4微波陶瓷的烧结温度、微观形貌、结构和介电性能的影响。实验表明:在添加CuO和V2O5分别为0.1%(质量分数)时,固相反应法在较低的烧结温度下可获得较致密的陶瓷样品,样品表面晶粒呈球状,品质因数与谐振频率的乘积即Q×f值较大,谐振频率温度系数为正值;熔盐法制得的陶瓷样品具有明显的各向异性,晶粒呈棒状,谐振频率温度系数随烧结温度的升高由正值向负值变化,在940℃烧结,介电常数为38,Q×f值为7781 GHz,谐振频率温度系数近零,为0.92×10-6/℃。两种方法制得的陶瓷样品在微波频段介电常数相近。