The privileged sensing framework: A principled approach to improved human-autonomy integration

ABSTRACT

A primary goal for human-autonomy integration (HAI) is to balance the strengths of human and autonomy in order to achieve performance objectives more efficiently and robustly than either the human or autonomous agents would independently. This paper proposes the Privileged Sensing Framework (PSF) as a novel approach to HAI. This approach is based on the concept of dynamically ‘privileging’ information during the process of integration by dynamically bestowing special rights based on the characteristics of each individual agent, the task context, and the performance goals. The proposed framework is tested through a series of simulation experiments that provide a clear demonstration of increased accuracy and throughput of human-autonomy performance. These proof-of-concept simulations provide initial evidence of the utility of the PSF. Continued development of this approach has the potential to revolutionise capabilities of multi-agent cooperative teams across a broad range of applications.     

Human-autonomy teaming in military settings

ABSTRACT

In this Thematic Issue ‘Human-Autonomy Teaming’ of Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, five U.S. military-funded research efforts are presented to discuss human factors issues in a variety of military human-autonomy teaming mission environments: dismounted infantry working with a small ground robot; intelligence analysis; human working with an intelligent agent to manage a team of heterogeneous unmanned vehicles; vehicle-mounted ground penetrating radar. The research issues addressed in this Issue are diverse – from display designs to operator performance and trust in the systems. The results and insights documented in these five articles should provide useful resources to researchers and practitioners working on intelligent and autonomous systems.     

资本经营是现代企业经营发展的必然趋势

阐述了资本经营的内涵,特征和对我国经济发展的重要意义,进一步探讨了资本经营的运作方式以及在实际运营过程中所存在的许多值得思考和研究的问题。     

产品形态设计的思考

产品形态设计怎样才能顺应时代的发展？根据我国国情,从国际流行趋势、功能、性能优化、人本性、新技术以及产品周期六个方面进行了探讨。     

从“人肉搜索”看隐私权与言论自由的冲突与协调

本文从人肉搜索这一现象入手,阐释网络言论自由的现状与特点,通过人肉搜索第一案解析公民隐私权面对人肉搜索时的危机,在最后试图给出平衡网络言论自由与公民隐私权的建议。     

基于反馈控制的自主虚拟人感知模型

提出了一种基于反馈控制的自主虚拟人感知模型.该模型首先使用感知过滤器模拟人类器官感知限制,然后设计了环形队列存储感知对象的相关信息来模拟人类的记忆功能,进而利用感知和记忆的结果,对感知过滤器的各项参数进行反馈控制,从而体现感知结果对感知过程的影响.实验结果表明,基于反馈控制的感知模型不仅能够较好地体现人类感知系统的特性,而且能够为自主虚拟人行为控制和决策提供更为真实的环境信息.     

自适应粒子滤波在人体跟踪过程中的应用

人体运动跟踪技术近年来在图像处理与计算机视觉领域引起很多关注,在当前一些重要研究和应用领域有着广泛的需求。在以往跟踪方法的基础上提出了基于决策规则的自适应粒子滤波的无标记运动目标跟踪方法。利用一个带外观模板的人体关节模型,通过学习得到运动模型及基于关节模型的相似性计算,巧妙地利用自适应粒子滤波对运动目标进行实时跟踪,使得在粒子滤波过程中,可以根据实际滤波情况在线调节粒子数。实验表明,提出的算法鲁棒性好,跟踪速度比基于传统粒子滤波的快。     

Software architecture awareness in long-term software product evolution

Software architecture has been established in software engineering for almost 40 years. When developing and evolving software products, architecture is expected to be even more relevant compared to contract development. However, the research results seem not to have influenced the development practice around software products very much. The architecture often only exists implicitly in discussions that accompany the development. Nonetheless many of the software products have been used for over 10, or even 20 years. How do development teams manage to accommodate changing needs and at the same time maintain the quality of the product? In order to answer this question, grounded theory study based on 15 semi-structured interviews was conducted in order to find out about the wide spectrum of architecture practices in software product developing organisations. Our results indicate that a chief architect or central developer acts as a ‘walking architecture’ devising changes and discussing local designs while at the same time updating his own knowledge about problematic aspects that need to be addressed. Architecture documentation and representations might not be used, especially if they replace the feedback from on-going developments into the ‘architecturing’ practices. Referring to results from Computer Supported Cooperative Work, we discuss how explicating the existing architecture needs to be complemented by social protocols to support the communication and knowledge sharing processes of the ‘walking architecture’.     

Cross‐talk acceptability in natural still images for different (auto)stereoscopic display technologies

Abstract— One of the most annoying distortions in (auto)stereoscopic displays is probably cross‐talk, visible as double edges, which is mainly caused by an imperfect separation of left‐ and right‐eye images. For different types of three‐dimensional (3‐D) displays, cross‐talk is caused by different origins, which could result in different levels of perceived image distortion. To evaluate the influence of (auto)stereoscopic display technology on cross‐talk perception, optical measurements and subjective assessments were performed with three different types of 3‐D displays. It is shown with natural still images that the 3‐D display technology with the lowest luminance and contrast level tolerates the highest level of cross‐talk, while still maintaining an acceptable image‐quality level.     

动画专业人物基础素描特征浅析

动画素描表现形式与技法具有绘画艺术的普遍共性特征,多角度全方位理解与掌握人体造型与运动规律,简洁准确地表现人物的形体特征,将写生能力与形象记忆能力相结合并同步提高,为创造形象和专业学习打好基础。