从"天人合一"到"物我合一"——设计艺术中我国观念的转化

通过我国设计艺术中人与自然以及人与物古今观念的对比，试图分析这种观念的转化产生的深层社会背景和对设计的影响。     

Sociotechnical systems, risk management, and public health: comparing the North Battleford and Walkerton outbreaks

Accidents in different complex sociotechnical systems are rarely compared using the same theoretical framework for risk management. We conducted a comparative analysis of two Canadian public health disasters involving drinking water distribution systems, the North Battleford Cryptosporidium parvum outbreak in April 2001 and the Walkerton E. coli outbreak in May 2000. Both accidents resulted from a complex interaction between all levels of a complex sociotechnical system. However, the low-level physical and individual factors differed in the two cases, whereas, the high-level governmental and regulatory factors tended to be the same. These findings may have implications for the design of public policies to minimize risk in complex sociotechnical systems.     

Child Death From Pediatric Illness: Conceptualizing Intervention From a Family/Systems and Public Health Perspective.

Despite the universal and understandable distress associated with the death of a child from pediatric illness, do psychologists help surviving families in ways that match their need for assistance? Many families do not seek psychological help and cope adaptively with their loss. Indications for psychotherapy with bereaved families are based largely on experience with families who engage in treatment and who have greater distress. Other families may not receive sufficient services but are at risk for ongoing difficulties and unlikely to engage in treatment. Suggestions for intervention are made, with attention to the fit of therapeutic approaches with family needs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

弹性住宅建设势在必行

本文针对我国住宅建设的基本状况 ,提出建设高度灵活的弹性住宅势在必行 ,并从以人为本的角度出发强调居民环境意识的重要性。本文后半部提出了弹性住宅的一些设想 ,借此文呼吁建筑界进一步研究弹性住宅的一系列理论问题 ,力求我国住宅建设在二十一世纪保持不败的活力     

人力资源投资评价应解决的两个重要问题

阐述了企业人力资源投资财务评价应解决的两个重要问题：评价对象的分类和项目的财务现金流量的内容。     

屏蔽人体模型对电磁波吸收的数值模拟研究

本文用时域有限差分法计算了三类电磁特性不同的材料屏蔽下三层无限长椭圆柱人体模型对电磁波的吸收。结果表明 ,功率密度相同 ,频率在 0 .2～ 6GHz之间的平面电磁波照射下 ,模型吸收的能量、能量在体内的分布及两者对入射电磁波频率的敏感程度严重地受到外加屏蔽的影响。考察了屏蔽材料的电磁特性与其屏蔽效能之间的关系。三类材料的比较显示 ,对人体电磁辐射防护 ,耗散材料优于非耗散材料 ,导电材料优于非导电材料。     

基于相关性的人机系统可靠性模型

本文在剖析人机系统中操作者行为特征的基础上,考虑到操作者行为的自适应性、自学习能力及其行为形成主因子,着重结合操作者行为的相关性-感知作用于判断决策后影响到动作,建立了人机系统中操作者行为模式,并推导出计算操作者可靠度的公式,求出了相应参数.最后进行了实例量度,同时定量辨识了行为相关性对人可靠性的制约程度,以期从人机系统可靠性角度为人机系统的优化设计提供新的依据.     

Medical savings accounts: opportunities for cost savings?

Interest in medical savings accounts (MSAs) as a potential tool to reduce healthcare costs has been widespread. A small number of countries have either implemented or run pilot programs of MSAs, and vigorous policy debates have taken place in several other countries about the potential merits of introducing MSAs as a method of paying for health care. In this paper we develop a model to assess the cost saving potential of MSAs in a publicly funded healthcare system. We assume that the public healthcare payer may choose between reimbursing healthcare expenditures through an MSA or through a form of third‐party payer insurance. We use the model to identify the conditions under which MSAs may reduce costs. We illustrate using data on healthcare expenditures from Canada.     

Neuroticism and depressive symptoms among spouse caregivers: Do health behaviors mediate this relationship?

This study examined the mediating role of health behaviors in the relationship between neuroticism and depressive symptoms among spouse caregivers. Path analysis was used to test a model of the caregiver stress process among 233 caregivers of people with dementia. Results indicate that neuroticism has a significant direct effect on depressive symptoms and also indirectly influences depressive symptoms through health behaviors and perceived stress. When individual health behaviors were examined in the path model, only physical activity served a significant mediating role. These findings suggest that neuroticism may lead to depressive symptoms among caregivers partly through declines in physical activity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Conceptual damage-sensitive features for structural health monitoring: Laboratory and field demonstrations

The use of damage-sensitive features to evaluate structural condition or health is a very critical aspect of structural health monitoring. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the potential of two different damage-sensitive features for detecting damage. Different damage scenarios are simulated on a large-scale laboratory structure and a three-span highway bridge for demonstration. The features presented in this paper are the modal flexibility-based deflection and curvature both of which are obtained directly from dynamic properties. In the literature, flexibility associated with mode shapes and mode shapes curvatures have been mostly explored. In this study, multi-input–multi-output dynamic data are used to obtain modal flexibility, which is a close approximation to the actual flexibility. A main novelty is that the curvature is calculated from the deflected shapes using the modal flexibility as opposed to using modal vectors. In this paper, the theory of the methodology is explained and then experimental studies and results are presented. For the experimental studies, the laboratory specimen and the three-span bridge were gradually damaged. It is shown that both deflection and curvature are conceptual and physically meaningful features for damage detection and localization. The issues and the requirements for these features to perform successfully are also presented.