长北气田山2段小层砂体三维建模

鄂尔多斯盆地长北气田山西组2段为一套海相辫状河三角洲沉积体系,为揭示不同时期小层砂体发育规模及空间分布,以高分辨率层序地层分析为基础,相控建模为指导思想,短期基准面旋回为地层单元,等时地层格架为约束条件,采用序贯指示数学方法对长北气田山2段4个短期层序的水上分流河道、水下分流河道及河口坝微相小层砂体的发育规模及空间分布进行了随机模拟.砂体展布的三维模拟结果表明,河道自北向南沿物源方向延展,其中SSC1～SSC4短期基准面上升时期,河道加宽,小层砂体沉积厚度加大,物性较好,有利储层发育;下降时期河道变窄,小层砂体沉积厚度减小,物性变差.小层砂体的三维模拟结果在该区勘探实践中得到了很好的验证.     

Novel fluorescence sensor based on covalent immobilization of 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole via electrostatically assembled gold nanoparticle layer

A novel technique of immobilizing indicator dyes by electrostatic adsorption and covalent bonding to fabricate optical sensors was developed. 3-Amino-9-ethylcarbazole (AEC) was attached to the outmost surface of quartz glass slide via aminosilanizing the slide, crosslinking chitosan, adsorbing Au nanoparticle, self-assembling HS(CH₂)₁₁OH, and coupling AEC. Thus, an AEC-immobilized optical sensor was obtained. The sensor exhibits a wide linear response range from 7.0×10⁻⁷ to 1.0×10⁻⁴ mol/L and a correlation coefficient of 0.995 9 for the detection of 2-nitrophenol. The detection limit and response time of the sensor are 1.0×10⁻⁷ mol/L and less than 10 s, respectively. The fluorescence intensity of the used sensor can be restored to the blank value by simply rinsing with blank buffer. A very effective matrix for immobilizing indicator dye is provided by the proposed technique, which is adaptable to other indicator dyes with amino groups besides AEC. Foundation item: Project(20775010) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project(208095) supported by the Key Project of Ministry of Education, China; Project(07A006) supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department, China; Project(07JJ3020) supported by Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China     

Isolation and identification of a sulfate reducing bacteria and sequence analysis of its dissimilatory sulfite reductase gene

A sulfate reducing bacteria was isolated from mining sewage of Daqing Oilfield by Hungate anaerobic technology. Physiological-biochemical analysis showed that the strain could utilize polyacrylamide as sole carbon and nitrogen source. The sequence analysis of 16S rDNA illustrated that the similarity of F8 and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (AF192153) was 99%, and the similarity sequence of dissimilatory sulfite reductase gene (DSR) cloned from the strain and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (AF273034) was 98%. Their phylogenitic analysis was basically anastomosed, and thus temporarily named as Desulfovibrio desulfuricans F8. The DSR cloned from F8 strain was 2740 bp in length consisting of three ORF, DSRA, DSRB and DSRD as a single operon (DSRABD) regulated by the same operator. DSRA contained typical conservative box of sulfate—sulfite reducing enzyme (SiteⅠand SiteⅡ), which could bind siroheme and [Fe4S4]. DSRB retained a [Fe4S4] binding site, with an uncomplimentary structure for siroheme binding. There was no conservative box in DSRD. Sequence analysis of DSR will provide a theoretical basis for quantitative detection, metabolic pathway modification through gene engineering, and sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) suppression.     

对Ringbom终点误差理论的补充研究

对Ringbom的终点误差公式理论进行了分析,指出了Ringbom的终点误差公式只适用于无指示剂参加终点过程的终点误差计算,不适用于有指示剂参加终点过程的终点误差计算,并研究了有指示剂参加终点过程的终点误差计算公式,以此作为对Ringbom终点误差理论的补充和完善。     

驾驶疲劳声音对策有效性的驾驶模拟

采用驾驶模拟实验,验证了声音刺激作为驾驶疲劳对策的有效性。通过声强、声频、持续时间和持续间隔4个因素合成不同类型的声音刺激源。选择容易出现驾驶疲劳的单调性场景和中午时分进行实验,采用眼动和驾驶员的面部特征作为驾驶疲劳的评价标准,当疲劳现象出现后启动声音刺激,分析不同类型的声音刺激前、后的脑电、心电、眼动等生理指标和驾驶操作水平的变化规律。结果表明:驾驶员在疲劳状态下,对单一声音刺激存在警觉反应,但刺激的效果不能持久,在声音刺激之后仅仅能够维持几分钟。同时发现声音类型对刺激的效果有显著影响。因此,需要进一步分析声音的各个因素对驾驶疲劳指标的影响程度,构建持续警觉的组合声音作为有效的驾驶疲劳对策。     

酸奶在储藏过程中酸度、pH值、细菌的变化

将酸奶储藏在不同温度条件下,通过测得其酸度、pH值和乳酸菌活菌数,得出使酸奶的品质变化最小、货架期较长的最佳储藏条件和酸奶的最佳饮用期.先将同批酸奶分别置于常温、4℃和-18℃下,在储藏期不同时间点进行观察,测定其pH值、酸度,观察其感官变化.采用平板菌落计数法计算活菌数.研究表明,常温储藏5 d的酸奶菌含量最高达到4.6×108cfu/mL,酸度为85.7°T,pH=4.08,有少量乳清析出,口感适宜;4℃储藏13 d的酸奶菌含量最高达到4.6×108cfu/mL,酸度为85.5°T,pH=4.05,口感适宜;-18℃储藏19 d的酸奶菌含量最高达到4.5×108cfu/mL,酸度为85.5°T,pH=4.06,但组织结构已发生改变.故4℃储藏的酸奶13 d内饮用最好.     

光合细菌(Z08)啤酒废水资源化研究

为了优化光合细菌处理啤酒废水的工艺条件以实现污水资源化,利用一株新的光合细菌(Z08)处理啤酒废水并回收菌体,探讨在光照厌氧、黑暗好氧、自然光微氧3种不同的环境条件对废水处理效果以及菌体增长的影响.结果表明:光照厌氧条件下COD去除率(88%)大于自然光微氧条件下COD去除率(74%),大于黑暗好氧条件下COD去除率(62%);光照厌氧条件下菌体总量增长率(38%)大于自然光微氧条件下菌体总量增长率(-35%),大于黑暗好氧条件下菌体总量增长率(-43%);光照厌氧条件所需水力停留时间(240h)大于自然光微氧条件所需水力停留时间(60h),大于黑暗好氧条件所需水力停留时间(36h).光合细菌可以实现啤酒废水的处理与资源化,推荐的工艺条件为:白天厌氧,夜晚好氧,光线不足时补充光源.在此条件下既可以快速降解污染物,又能获得较高的光合细菌增长量,此条件时废水中有机物转化为单细胞蛋白的转化率达到26%,有效地实现了污水资源化.     

改进的细菌觅食优化算法求解0-1背包问题

细菌觅食优化算法作为一种新兴的智能优化算法,一般用来解决连续域的问题。为了解决离散域问题,提出了一种改进的细菌觅食优化算法。采用线性递减的思想和随机的游动长度代替固定步长和随机游动方向,改进了趋向性操作方案,并将其应用于解决0-1背包问题。将改进的细菌觅食优化算法与遗传算法、离散粒子群优化算法及基本的离散化细菌觅食优化算法分别在小规模和大规模的0-1背包问题上进行了仿真比较,表明了改进的细菌觅食优化算法能取得较好的效果,寻优能力强。     

Influence of Phenolic acids on microbial populations in the rhizosphere of cucumber

Experiments were conducted to determine whether changes in soil microbial populations that occur in response to additions of certain allelopathic phenolic acids to bulk soil also occur in the rhizosphere. Cucumber seedlings were transplanted into cups containing a nutrient-enriched mixture of Portsmouth B₁, soil and sand and were watered five times (once every 48 hr) with aqueous solutions of ferulic,p-coumaric, or vanillic acid (each at 0, 0.25, or 0.50ol/g soil material). Nutrient solution was applied on alternate days. Leaf growth was suppressed by up to 42% by phenolic acids, but changes in root growth varied with the compound and concentration in solution. Significant increases (over 600% relative to controls) in populations of fast-growing bacteria in the rhizosphere were detected after two but not after five treatments, and increases (400% relative to controls) in numbers of fungal propagules were detected after five treatments. Such increases suggested that chronic exposure to a phenolic acid might resuit in high populations of rhizosphere microorganisms that could metabolize the compounds and thus alter observable responses by the plant. To test this, plants were watered repeatedly with a low-concentration solution of ferulic acid (chronic treatments; 0.0 or 0.1mol/g soil material in one experiment, 0.000 or 0.025imol/g soil material in a second) and then once with a highconcentration solution (acute treatment; 0.0, 0.5, or 1.0mol/g soil material in the first experiment; 0.000, 0.125, or 0.250mol/g soil material in the second).Paper No. 12385 of the Journal Series of the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, North Carolina. The use of trade names in this publication does not imply endorsement by the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service or the United States Department of Agriculture of the products named, nor criticism of similar ones not mentioned. Acute treatments and some chronic treatments suppressed leaf growth, but results were inconsistent for root growth. Acute treatments increased numbers of several types of bacteria in the rhizosphere but had inconsistent effects on fungi. Chronic treatments had no effect on numbers of bacteria or fungal propagules in the rhizosphere. Furthermore, chronic treatments did not alter responses of plants or microbial populations to the subsequent acute treatment. Results demonstrated that phenolic acids in soil, which must pass through the rhizosphere before interaction with plant roots can occur, alter the microbial ecology of the rhizosphere. However, microbially mediated acclimation of plants to relatively high concentrations of ferulic acid was not observed.     

一种配电网投资项目的综合评价与优选排序方法

配网投资项目具有项目众多、规模相对小、项目繁杂、时间紧迫等配电网建设和运维自身的特点,在投资需求远大于投资能力的情况,基于项目综合评价实现优选排序是实现配电网精准投资的关键手段.为此,提出了一种计及指标约束同时兼顾投资效益的中压配电网项目优选方法.以配电网投资效果为指标构建评价体系,并利用建设目标对项目属性进行分类,基于灰色关联度法深入挖掘项目属性与评价指标间的关联关系,探明指标改善所对应的投资概算.为了同时兼顾规划指标与投资成效,提出了计及指标约束的配网项目两阶段优选排序法,将优选过程分为针对关键规划指标的项目优选和针对普通指标的项目优选两个阶段.通过对某地市电力公司中压配电网项目进行优选评估,验证了所提方法的有效性与合理性.