一种不透水面精细制图新方法及其在城市SDGs指标评估上的应用

城市不透水面是城市化程度的重要指示器,也是城市环境的重要敏感因子。联合国提出的城市可持续发展SDG11.3.1指标——城市土地使用率与人口增长率之比（LCRPGR）需要有效监测土地城镇化与人口城镇化关系。针对其监测与评估中高分辨率和高精度城市用地产品缺失,以及低纬度地区城市可持续发展研究较少的问题。基于Google Earth Engine平台,提出一种多时相升降轨SAR与光学影像等多源数据融合的不透水面提取方法,提取了2015年和2018年10 m分辨率印度不透水面。根据人口格网界定城市范围,将范围内不透水面面积与城市人口进行耦合,用于指标计算。研究结果表明：①精度验证结果显示,两期产品总体精度（OA）高于91％,Kappa系数高于0.82,R²值分别为0.85和0.86,并与其他产品细节对比,证明了方法的有效性;②印度总体不透水面面积由2015年的47 499.35 km²增加到2018年的49 944.69 km²,城市平均LCRPGR为0.76,表明其城市人口城镇化大于土地城镇化,城市可持续发展面临挑战。结合空间分析,印度城市可持续发展水平存在南北差异、东西差异以及沿海与内陆的差异。     

细菌对红黏土抗剪强度的影响

为了探究土壤原生细菌对红黏土强度的影响,通过对红黏土中天然赋存的原生细菌进行富集培养,并在红黏土重塑试样中添加培养后的细菌菌液,通过土工试验和电镜试验分析红黏土物理力学性质和微观结构的变化。结果表明:随着细菌的掺入,三轴试样的破坏峰值和压缩模量都有所提高,并且随时间的增长,呈现先增大后减小的趋势;同时从电镜图像上来看,细菌的掺入使得红黏土中粉粒含量有所增加,相应的黏粒含量下降。研究结果可为进一步研究单一的细菌种类对红黏土物理力学性质和微观结构的影响提供参考。     

Global Avalanche Characteristics of Boolean Functions by Concatenation

In order to measure the correlation propeties of two Boolean functions,the global avalanche characteristics of Boolean functions constructed by concatenation are discussed,i.e.,f_1‖f_2and f_1‖f_2‖f_3‖f_4.Firstly,for the function f = f_1‖f_2,the cross-correlation function of f_1,f_2 in the special condition are studied.In this case,f,f_1,f_2 must be in desired form.By computing their sum-of-squares indicators,the crosscorrelation function between f_1,f_2 is obtained.Secondly,for the function g = f_1‖f_2‖f_3‖f_4,by analyzing the relation among their auto-correlation functions,their sum-of-squares indicators are investigated.Based on them,the sum-of-squares indicators of functions obtained by Canteaut et al.are investigated.The results show that the correlation property of g is good when the correlation properties of Boolean functions f_1,f_2,f_3,f_4 are good.     

颗粒污垢模型在微生物污垢研究中的适用性

为了研究微生物污垢的生长过程,本文根据微生物污垢与颗粒污垢形成机理的相似性,尝试了颗粒污垢模型应用于微生物污垢的可行性。结合修正的Gompertz微生物生长动力学模型,本文将三种颗粒污垢模型应用于圆管及交叉缩放椭圆管内的铁细菌污垢。结果表明:颗粒Kern-Seaton模型的计算结果与实验结果的相对误差最小,两管内该模型的相对误差基本都在±10%之间。     

镁质低品位铁镍硫化矿的活化工艺及机理

细菌浸出是镁质低品位铁镍硫化矿的潜在处理方案之一。针对该矿石浸出活性较低的问题,研究了硫酸预浸出和硫酸铵焙烧预浸出2种活化方案,并与细菌直接浸出(空白试验)做了比较。结果表明,2种活化方案都有利于金属回收,但硫酸铵焙烧预浸出方案的活化效果更优:浸出时间为8 d时,Ni、Cu和Mg的浸出率分别为90.2%、89.56%和61.19%,分别高于硫酸预浸出方案2.08%、12.2%和8.95%。矿石中的Mg主要在硫酸铵焙烧预浸出阶段进入溶液,细菌对Mg浸出的影响不大。XRD和能谱分析表明:浸出渣中Ni和Cu的残留量很低,Mg主要存在于难浸出的蛇纹石之中。     

秩和比法在高压配电网项目评价中的应用

针对高压配电网规划建设项目的特点及电网规划运行中面临的主要问题,建立配电网规划建设项目评价指标体系。该指标体系存在多项指标评定标准难于统一量化的问题,引入秩和比法先对上述类型指标进行自适应分档,然后进一步将秩和比法与模糊隶属度函数相结合,得到指标分类评价的隶属函数量化表达,实现各规划建设项目的量化评价。将建立的指标体系和提出的指标量化方法应用于某地区高压配电网规划项目库,验证该文方法的有效性。     

Properties of Magnetite Nanoparticles Produced by Magnetotactic Bacteria

The magnetic nanoparticles(magnetite) were prepared through the fermentation of the Magnetospirillum strain WM-1 newly isolated by our group. The samples were characterized by TEM, SAED, XRD, rock magnetic analysis, and Mossbauer spectroscopy. TEM and SAED measurements showed that the magnetosomes formed by strain WM-1 were single crystallites of high perfection with a cubic spinel structure of magnetite. X-ray measurements also fitted very well with standard Fe3O4 reflections with an inverse spinel structure of the magnetite core. The size of crystal as calculated by the Debye-Scherrer's equation was approximately 55 nm. Rock magnetic analysis showed WM-1 synthesized single-domain magnetite magnetosomes, which were arranged in the form of linear chain. The high delta ratio((δFC / δZFC = 4) supported the criteria of Moskowitz test that there were intact magnetosomes chains in cells. The Verwey transition occurred at 105 K that closed to stoochiometric magnetite in composition. These observations provided useful insights into the biomineralization of magnetosomes and properties of M. WM-1 and potential application of biogenic magnetite in biomaterials and biomagnetism.     

苹果梨醋发酵过程中醋酸发酵条件的优化

以甲酚紫培养基中加入乙醇作为分离培养基,从5种水果样品中分离得到20种醋酸菌,然后通过产酸量的测定,筛选出了一株产醋酸度高的醋酸菌AAB13.探讨了乙醇浓度、菌株接种量、发酵液有效体积对醋酸发酵的影响,并在优化的条件下制备了苹果梨醋.     

Risk reduction in Sechahun iron ore deposit by geological boundary modification using multiple indicator Kriging

Uncertainty on the geological contacts and the block volumes of the models along boundaries is often a major part of the global uncertainty of reserve estimation.This work introduces a geostatistical technique that has been developed and tested in an iron ore deposit at Bafq mining district,in central Iran,and that,based on a probability criterion,helps to objectively model the geometry of this iron ore deposit.The main problem in reserve estimation of this ore body is its geometrical modeling and uncertainty in geological boundaries.This work deals with the geostatistical method of multiple indicator kriging,which is used to determine the real boundaries of ore body in different categories.This approach has potential to improve project performance and decrease operational risk.For this purpose,the ore body is separated into two categories including rich iron zone （w（Fe）〉45%） and poor iron zone （20%〈w（Fe）〈45%）.It significantly benefits to decrease the risk of reserve evaluation in the deposit.This case study also highlights the value of multiple indicator kriging as a tool for estimates the position of grade boundaries within the deposit.Comparison of the resultant probability maps with the real ore/waste contacts on the extracted levels shows that the first indicator model could separate the whole ore body （poor plus rich） from the waste zone by probability of more than 0.35,which concludes the total reserve of 53 million tons.The second indicator model applied to separate the rich and poor domains and the results show that the blocks with the estimated probability of equal to or more than 0.4 lay within the rich ore zone consisting of 15.8 million tons reserve.     

支持向量机的无杆抽油机示功图自动识别技术

针对抽油机示功图人工目测误差大、效率低的现状,研究了基于支持向量机理论的示功图自动识别技术。提出了基于支持向量机理论对示功图进行自动识别的可能性,提供了基于支持向量机理论的示功图自动识别步骤,并对无杆抽油机正常、供液不足、游动凡尔泄漏以及油管漏失4种工况下的示功图进行了自动识别研究。识别结果表明:基于支持向量机理论的示功图自动识别方法能对以上4种工况的示功图进行准确有效的识别。