聚合物分散液晶(PMMA:5CB:C60)光折变特性的实验研究

用溶致相分离方法制备了3种不同组分的聚合物分散液晶薄膜(PMMA：5CB：C60)，C60作为敏化剂。利用二波耦合实验测量了不同样品的衍射效率和响应时间等光折变特性，实验发现，液晶含量不同的薄膜光学性质有很大的不同。     

光子晶体与光子晶体光纤的应用

介绍了上世纪80年代末出现的光子晶体的概念和材料特点、光子晶体光纤的性能、国际学术界的研究热点及具有深远影响的应用领域。     

光子晶体及其自组装制备

自从理论计算指出金刚石结构具有完全光子带隙以来，三维光子晶体的理论研究和实验制作一直受到高度重视。光子晶体的制备方法总体上可分为两大类：微制作法和自组装法。前者适合于制备微波、远红外及近红外波段的光子晶体，后者制备近红外、可见或更短波段的光子晶体具有独特的优势。简述了光子晶体的概念和基本特征，并对三维光子晶体的自组装制备方法进行了综述。     

Cover Picture: Arresting,Fixing, and Separating Dimers Composed of Uniform Silica Colloidal Spheres (Adv. Funct. Mater. 12/2006)

In colloidal suspensions of silica, particles undergo constant collisions. By controlling various parameters, the repulsive barrier can be reduced, thereby substantially increasing the number of collision‐induced dimerization events. Xia and co‐workers report on p. 1627 that the dimers could be arrested and then permanently fixed by introducing a small amount of fresh tetraethylorthosilicate into the colloidal suspension, with monodisperse dimer yields of up to 50 %. This yield could be increased to 80 % by centrifugation in a density gradient medium. When fresh tetraethylorthosilicate is introduced into a colloidal suspension of silica spheres, it hydrolyzes and condenses in situ to arrest and fix the dimers resulting from constant collisions between the spheres. By optimizing the experimental parameters (including the length of aging time) and the diameter of the silica spheres, as well as the concentrations of counterions, water, and ammonia, it is possible to routinely produce monodisperse dimers with a yield as high as 50 %. When combined with centrifugation using a density gradient medium, the yield of such dimers could be further increased to 80 %. It is believed that this method will provide a simple and versatile approach to the high‐volume production of dimers from spherical colloids composed of different materials. These dimers may find widespread use in a range of applications such as fabrication of photonic crystals and fundamental studies related to colloidal science.     

Differences of Band Gap Characteristics of Square and Triangular Lattice Photonic Crystals in Terahertz Range

Band gap characteristics of the photonic crystals in terahertz range with square lattice and triangular lattice of GaAs cylinders are comparatively studied by means of plane wave method (PWM). The influence of the radius on the band gap width is analyzed and the critical values where the band gap appears are put forward. The results show that the maximum band gap width of photonic crystal with triangular lattice of GaAs cylinders is much wider than that of photonic crystal with square lattice. The research provides a theoretic basis for the development of t rahertz (THz) devices.     

液晶光子晶体可调自准直特性研究

液晶材料光子晶体由于具有可调谐性而得到了广泛的研究,但目前的研究主要集中在可调的光子带隙特性上。详细研究了液晶光子晶体的可调自准直特性。使用平面波展开法分析了液晶旋转角对光子晶体自准直频率的影响,并使用时域有限差分法对光在液晶光子晶体中的传输进行了仿真。结果表明,通过控制液晶旋转角,可以对光子晶体自准直频率进行调节,从而满足不同频率自准直的需要。     

Self‐Assembling,Bioinspired Wax Crystalline Surfaces with Time‐Dependent Wettability

One of the most fascinating properties of materials in nature is the superhydrophobic and self‐cleaning capabilities of different plant surfaces. This is usually achieved by the hydrophobic cuticles that are made of cutin and contain wax crystals both within them and on their surfaces. Here, bioinspired n‐hexatriacontane wax films are deposited via thermal evaporation and it is shown that the surface evolves in time via self‐assembly. This leads to a dramatic change in the wetting properties with a transition from hydrophobic to superhydrophobic characteristics, which takes place within several days at room temperature. This phenomenon is investigated and strain‐induced recrystallization is proposed to be the mechanism for it. This work could become the basis for the inspiration and production of tuned, time‐dependant, temperature‐sensitive, variable‐wettability surfaces.     

激光快速成形Inconel 718超合金拉伸力学性能研究

研究了激光快速成形Inconel 718超合金试样3个相互垂直方向的拉伸力学性能,以及热处理对激光快速成形凝固组织与3个相互垂直方向拉伸力学性能的影响。结果表明,激光快速成形Inconel 718超合金试样3个相互垂直方向的拉伸力学性能均明显低于其锻件拉伸力学性能,且表现出明显的各向异性。经过热处理的Inconel 718超合金试样,其沿沉积高度方向定向外延生长的柱状枝晶组织转变为晶粒粗大且不均匀的等轴状再结晶组织,随Laves相固溶消失及强化相γ″和γ′大量析出,3个相互垂直方向上的拉伸力学性能均大幅度提高,其中,与基板平行的两个相互垂直方向上的拉伸力学性能均达到Inconel 718超合金锻件拉伸力学性能标准,但沿成形件高度方向,出现拉伸力学性低于Inconel 718超合金锻件拉伸力学性能标准的试样。     

Enhanced Hole‐Transporting Behavior of Discotic Liquid‐Crystalline Physical Gels

Discotic liquid‐crystalline (LC) physical gels have been prepared by combining the self‐assembled fibers of a low‐molecular‐weight gelator and semiconducting LC triphenylene derivatives. The hole mobilities of the discotic LC physical gels measured by a time‐of‐flight method become higher than those of LC triphenylenes alone. The introduction of the finely dispersed networks of the gelator in the hexagonal columnar phases may affect the molecular dynamics of the liquid crystals, resulting in the enhancement of hole transporting behavior in the LC gel state.     

Bioinspired Dynamic Camouflage in Programmable Thermochromic-Patterned Photonic Films for Sophisticated Anti-Counterfeiting

Although the encrypted anti-counterfeiting technology based on infiltration-controlled photonic crystals has attracted widespread attention, the information has only hidden and display states. The more diverse and complex encryption effect requires a continuous and programmable color transformation. Inspired by the dynamic camouflage in chameleons and cephalopods, a programmable thermochromic patterned photonic film is developed for encrypted anti-counterfeiting, which is constructed by infiltrating thermoresponsive poly(oligo ethylene glycol acrylate) copolymers in SiO₂-coated ZnS photonic crystals. The responsive temperature range is determined by the lower critical solution temperature of filled copolymers, which is tunable by controlling the ratios of different monomers in copolymerization. Based on this, the responsive range is adjusted to 5–55 °C and decoding temperature is set at 20 °C. The pattern is hidden either when the water temperature is >55 °C or <5 °C. Only when the water temperature accurately matches the decoding temperature (20 °C), do the different areas display the preset colors, resulting in the complete pattern being revealed. The design of this programmable thermochromic patterned photonic film indicates a new direction for the encrypted anti-counterfeiting technology, which can carry more abundant information and encrypt them more complex and sophisticated.