白肋烟整株调制期间的水分代谢研究

研究了白肋烟整株调制期间上中下三部位叶水势、叶片水分组成，叶片、叶脉含水量及主茎含水量变化。结果表明调制开始后各部位叶水势及叶片自由水含量快速下降，烟株处于较强的水分胁迫状态，并随调制的继续胁迫程度不断加深直至叶片先后干燥。调制期间主茎含水量变化很小，主脉含水量的大量减少发生在相应部位叶肉组织接近干燥时。     

烤烟外观区域特征感官评价指标的筛选

初次提出了烤烟外观区域特征的概念,赋予了烤烟外观区域特征的内涵,筛选出烤烟外观区域特征指标,构建了烤烟外观区域特征指标感官评价方法.以初烤烟叶C3F等级样品为研究对象,进行了全国各生态区主要生产点烤烟外观区域特征实证分析,初步确定底色、蜡质感和光泽度3个指标作为烤烟外观区域特征的评价指标,叶面组织和柔韧性两个指标作为备选评价指标.     

山东烟草病毒病发生特点及防治对策

对山东烟区烟草病毒病发生特点进行了分析,预测了未来几年烟草病毒病的发生趋势,并提出了烟草病毒病的防治方法。病毒病的防治应从改良品种、改善农业生态环境等方面着手,以改进农事操作方式方法、优化耕作制度为主,辅以少量低毒、低残留的农药进行系统综合防治,真正做到预防为主,综合防治。     

南美斑潜蝇在贵州烟区的适生性及其危险性分析

利用调查与相关研究,对贵州烟区南美斑潜蝇的适生性及危险性进行了综合分析。结果表明,贵州绝大部分烟区为南美斑潜蝇适生和最适生区,但对烤烟一般不会造成严重危害,危险性小。但随着烤烟商品化育苗的发展,应重视烤烟苗床期虫情监控。     

Fibre diffraction in the analysis of filamentous virus structure

In many plant and bacterial viruses, a filamentous nucleocapsid makes up the entire virus particle. These viruses usually form fibres naturally, but they do not crystallize. Fibre diffraction has therefore been the method of choice for structural studies, aided in recent years by cryo-electron microscopy (EM) and solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR). Filamentous viruses, particularly tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), have been important in developing fibre diffraction methods, and fibre diffraction allowed TMV to be among the first virus structures determined. Structures of several viruses related to TMV and several filamentous bacterial viruses have been determined at resolutions of 3?Å or better, and lower resolution structures have been determined by fibre diffraction, sometimes in conjunction with other methods, for many other, unrelated, filamentous viruses.     

解析第二重要极限的三步骤法

针对第二重要极限存在计算公式多样化及形式构造复杂化的问题,提出了解析第二重要极限的三步骤法。利用幂指函数的连续性处理1∞未定型极限,并将其归纳为判定类型、构造“1加”、指数倒数形式的三步骤,即可得到极限计算结果。三步骤法简化了第二重要极限的计算步骤,降低了第二重要极限学习和掌握的难度。     

溶剂处理对烟梗梗丝内在质量的影响

为比较溶剂处理梗丝和常规工艺生产的梗丝的差别,采用溶剂处理烟梗梗条后在烟梗制丝线上制备梗丝,研究溶剂处理对梗丝内在质量的影响.通过仪器分析与感官质量对比,结果表明:与传统制备工艺相比,溶剂处理对烟梗的持水性、耐加工性和梗丝结构的影响较小,梗丝的填充值增加11.4%;其主要化学成分及致香成分含量有较大变化,对梗丝内在质量有一定程度的改善.     

烟丝组分的吸湿模型研究

为了研究烟丝主要组分的吸湿平衡规律,用GAB模型获得的叶丝、梗丝、膨胀烟丝在25℃环境下,在45%～75%平衡相对湿度范围内的吸湿平衡,得到优异的拟合精度.结果表明,用GAB吸湿模型计算的叶丝、梗丝、膨胀烟丝的单层含水率（干基）分别为6.14%,7.04%,5.92%.以水活度0.65为安全贮存的临界点,对应于吸湿过程,用GAB模型估计25℃时叶丝、梗丝、膨胀烟丝的安全含水率（干基）分别为16.69%,18.30%,15.00%.研究结果为各组分加工过程各阶段的含水率设计提供了参考.     

Effect of roasting on the physico-chemical properties,fatty acids,polyphenols and mineral contents of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) seed and oils

The physico-chemical properties, phytochemicals, mineral contents of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) seeds grown at Samsun province in Turkey were evaluated. The oil contents of tobacco seeds ranged from 20.6% (control) to 29.0% (microwave-roasted). L*, a* and b* values of tobacco seeds ranged from 32.38 to 35.61; from 6.32 to 6.78; from 13.72 to 14.27, respectively. Total phenolic contents of tobacco seed extract and oils were reported between 31.02 (oven-roasted) and 34.42 mg GAE/100 g (microwave-roasted) to 4.60 (microwave-roasted) and 6.45 mg GAE/100 g (oven-roasted), respectively. Total flavonoid values of raw and roasted tobacco seed extract and oils were determined between 26.62 (oven) and 67.10 mg/100 g (control) to 21.57 (control) and 44.71 mg/100 g (microwave-roasted), respectively. Gallic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid and catechin are the predominant phenolic components of raw and roasted tobacco seed oils. The amounts of oleic and linoleic acid in raw and roasted tobacco seed oils ranged from 10.23% (oven-roasted) to 12.48% (control) and 73.72% (control) to 76.63% (oven-roasted), respectively. The abundant elements found in seeds were K, P, Ca, Mg, S and Fe. The mineral amounts of the roasted seeds were found higher than that of the control. The highest increase was detected in oven roasted tobacco seeds.     

烟草中水溶性总糖与还原糖的分析研究进展

烟草中的水溶性总糖和还原糖对烟气的香吃味都有良好的作用,并能减少烟气的刺激性,对烟叶品质影响巨大,是决定烟叶品质的重要化学成分,是烟草化学常规分析中的重要项目.就烟草中水溶性总糖与还原糖的几种分析方法,如铜还原-滴定法、比色法、近红外光谱法、连续流动法等进行了综述,铜还原-滴定法是经典的方法,DNS定糖法建立了批量连续测定烟草样品中还原糖、水溶性总糖的方法,该方法具有快速省时、操作简便、试剂消耗少等优点,近红外光谱法是一种方便、高效、无污染、非破坏性、低成本的绿色分析技术,准确度高、操作方便,最新的烟草行业标准采用连续流动仪测定水溶性糖.以期对烟草中水溶性总糖与还原糖的研究具有一定的指导作用.