高性能铌酸钾钠无铅压电陶瓷研制

用常规氧化物固溶方法制备了无铅压电铌酸盐((Na0.5K0.5)1-xLixSbyNb1-yO3)陶瓷。实验结果表明,Li+和Sb5+的引入提高了陶瓷的压电性能。在一定配比范围内(Li和Sb在10%摩尔分数以内),材料为斜方、四方相共存的钙钛矿结构,材料的压电常数d33在270 pC/N以上,机电耦合系数kp、kt、k33分别达到49×10–2、43×10–2、64×10–2。介质损耗tgδ小于2.0×10_2,居里温度tC高达375℃。     

基于不同醇的醇水法制备纳米CeO2的研究

在四种醇水体系中,以HMT为缓释沉淀剂制备了纳米CeO2粉体。研究了醇的种类、醇水比例及煅烧温度对纳米CeO2颗粒尺寸的影响;并用XRD,BET,TEM,TGA/DSC等表征方法对其影响机理进行了探讨。结果表明:溶剂从甲醇到异丙醇变化时,颗粒逐渐增大;异丙醇到正丁醇时,颗粒尺寸略有降低,且煅烧前颗粒尺寸均介于10~20nm之间。     

BaSnO3陶瓷的制备及其电性能研究

以BaCO3、SnO2为原料,微量SiO2、Bi2O3、Sb2O3作烧结助剂,Ta2O5作施主,采用传统的固相反应法,制备出相对密度达97%~99%,平均粒径约为8μm的BaSnO3半导体陶瓷。采用Na2CO3或Li2CO3与Mn(NO3)2的组合作受主掺杂可有效增强BaSnO3陶瓷的晶界效应。当x(Mn(NO3)2)为1%时,BaSnO3陶瓷电阻率达3.3×106Ω.cm,晶粒电阻率为4.3Ω.cm,视在介电常数为1.9×104(1 kHz),经电导激活能测试,估算出晶界势垒约为0.5 eV。     

Positively K+‐Responsive Membranes with Functional Gates Driven by Host–Guest Molecular Recognition

A novel positively K⁺‐responsive membrane with functional gates driven by host‐guest molecular recognition is prepared by grafting poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐acryloylamidobenzo‐15‐crown‐5) (poly(NIPAM‐co‐AAB₁₅C₅)) copolymer chains in the pores of porous nylon‐6 membranes with a two‐step method combining plasma‐induced pore‐filling grafting polymerization and chemical modification. Due to the cooperative interaction of host‐guest complexation and phase transition of the poly(NIPAM‐co‐AAB₁₅C₅), the grafted gates in the membrane pores could spontaneously switch from “closed” state to “open” state by recognizing K⁺ ions in the environment and vice versa; while other ions (e.g., Na⁺, Ca²⁺ or Mg²⁺) can not trigger such an ion‐responsive switching function. The positively K⁺‐responsive gating action of the membrane is rapid, reversible, and reproducible. The proposed K⁺‐responsive gating membrane provide a new mode of behavior for ion‐recognizable “smart” or “intelligent” membrane actuators, which is highly attractive for controlled release, chemical/biomedical separations, tissue engineering, sensors, etc.     

恢复和提高Y1Ba2Cu3O7—x高温超导膜性能的一种方法

Ｙ１ＢａＣｕ３Ｏ７－ｘ高温超导膜用于探测器研究在制备过程中及存放期间,氧成份的逸漏是难以避免的,这导致超导薄膜性能严重退化甚至报废。提出了一种方法,即注氧法,对于恢复超导薄膜中的氧组分含量,保持和提高超导膜的性能,是行之有效的方法。     

BiFeO3/Bi4Ti3O12多层铁电薄膜的性能研究

采用sol-gel法在FTO/玻璃底电极上制备了BiFeO3/Bi4Ti3O12多层薄膜。研究了室温下薄膜的结构,铁电和漏电流性质。结果表明,相对于纯的BiFeO3薄膜,BiFeO3/Bi4Ti3O12多层薄膜具有更低的漏电流,表现出较强的铁电性,在4.40×105V/cm的测试电场强度下,剩余极化强度为3.7×10–5C/cm2。在2.00×105V/cm的测试电场强度下,BiFeO3和BiFeO3/Bi4Ti3O12薄膜的漏电流密度分别为10–5和10–7A/cm2。     

BaO-Ln2O3-TiO2系微波介质陶瓷的研究进展

综述了BaO-Ln2O3-TiO2(BLT)系微波介质陶瓷的发展历程、掺杂改性、粉体的制备方法、添加烧结助剂,改变烧结工艺等方面的进展。指出了高纯超细原料粉体的制备,先进的烧结设备,高精度的测试仪器与微波器件的混合集成化,是其今后的研究方向。     

Bioinspired Hierarchically Structured All‐Inorganic Nanocomposites with Significantly Improved Capacitive Performance

Lead‐free dielectric ceramics have been the spotlight in the search for environmentally benign materials for electrostatic energy storage because of the ever‐increasing environmental concerns. However, the inverse correlation between the polarization and dielectric breakdown strength is the major barrier hindering the provision of sufficient energy densities in lead‐free dielectric ceramics and practical applications thereof. Herein, a rational structure design inspired by nature is demonstrated as an effective strategy to overcome these challenges. Bioinspired raspberry‐like hierarchically structured all‐inorganic nanocomposites have been prepared by enclosing microsized BaTiO₃‐Bi(Mg_0.5Zr_0.5)O₃ (BT‐BMZ) relaxor ferroelectrics using core‐shell BT‐BMZ@SiO₂ nanoparticles. The synergistic effects of the bioinspired hierarchical structure and insulating SiO₂ nano‐coating result in significantly improved dielectric breakdown strength and sustained large polarization in the nanocomposites, as corroborated by experimental characterizations and theoretical simulations. As a result, an ultrahigh energy density of 3.41 J cm^?3 and a high efficiency of 85.1%, together with outstanding thermal stability within a broad temperature range, have been simultaneously achieved in the hierarchically structured nanocomposites. This contribution provides a feasible and paradigmatic approach to develop high‐performance dielectrics for electrostatic energy storage applications using bioinspired structure design.     

Armoring LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 Cathode with Reliable Fluorinated Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Interphase Layer toward Durable High Rate Battery

Ternary layered oxide materials have attracted extensive attention as a promising cathode candidate for high‐energy‐density lithium‐ion batteries. However, the undesirable electrochemical degradation at the electrode–electrolyte interface definitively shortens the battery service life. An effective and viable approach is proposed for improving the cycling stability of the LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ cathode using lithium difluorophosphate (LiPO₂F₂) paired with fuoroethylene carbonate (FEC) as co‐additives into conventional electrolytes. It is found that the co‐additives can greatly reduce the interface charge transfer impedance and significantly extend the life span of LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂//Li (NMC//Li) batteries. The developed cathode demonstrates exceptional capacity retention of 88.7% and remains structural integrity at a high current of 5C after 500 cycles. Fundamental mechanism study indicates a dense, stable fluorinated organic–inorganic hybrid cathode‐electrolyte interphase (CEI) film derived from LiPO₂F₂ in conjunction with FEC additives on the surface of NMC cathode material, which significantly suppresses the decomposition of electrolyte and mitigates the dissolution of transition metal ions. The interfacial engineering of the electrode materials stabilized by the additives manipulation provides valuable guidance for the development of advanced cathode materials.