Preparation of DNA-encapsulated polyethersulfone hollow microspheres for organic compounds and heavy metal ions removal

DNA-encapsulated polyethersulfone (PES) hollow microspheres are fabricated by means of a liquid-liquid phase separation technique; the hollow microspheres are then used to remove environmental pollutant organic compounds and heavy metal ions. The amounts of DNA encapsulated in the microspheres are dependent on the PES concentration, the DNA concentration used to prepare the particles, and the diameter of the syringe needle. The hollow microspheres can be used to remove harmful organic compounds including ethidium bromide (EB), acridine orange (AO) and endocrine disruptors. With the increase of the DNA amount encapsulated into the hollow microspheres, the removal ratios of these compounds increased. Additionally, the DNA-encapsulated PES hollow microspheres can selectively accumulate and remove heavy metal ions such as Ag⁺, Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ These results suggested that the DNA-encapsulated PES hollow microspheres have a potential to be used in environmental applications.     

Synthesis,characterization, and chelating properties of the polymacromonomer: Poly[(ethyleneglycol) methyl ether methacrylate]

The radical polymerization of the macromonomer poly(ethyleneglycol) methyl ether methacrylate with ammonium persulfate at 60°C was carried out. The polymer was completely soluble in water. Yield was 75%. The polymacromonomer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. M_n, M_w, and the polydispersity were determined by gel permeation chromatography. The polymacromonomer showed a high thermal stability with a TDT_50% of 420°C. The metal ion binding capacity of this polychelatogen with respect to different metal ions was investigated through the liquid‐phase polymer‐based retention (LPR) technique. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 2929–2934, 2002     

PAMAM接枝稻草对Nd3+、Sm3+、La3+的吸附特性

以环氧氯丙烷为交联剂,将聚酰胺胺树状大分子(PAMAM)接枝到稻草基体上,利用FTIR、SEM、XRD、TG等对其结构进行了表征和分析。考察了其对Nd~(3+)、Sm~(3+)、La~(3+)稀土金属离子的吸附性能,探讨了吸附时间、稀土金属离子浓度、吸附温度、溶液pH等因素对吸附性能的影响。同时对吸附过程的动力学、吸附等温线和吸附热力学进行了研究。结果表明,所制备的吸附剂对Nd~(3+)、Sm~(3+)、La~(3+)稀土金属离子的吸附平衡时间约为4 h,平衡吸附量分别为47.14、40.11和50.12 mg/g。吸附过程符合拟二级动力学模型和Freundlich等温线,表明此吸附过程是属于化学吸附过程。吸附热力学研究表明,此吸附过程是自发进行的,同时吸附过程是一个混乱度增加的熵增过程。     

安吉蒙脱石对抗菌金属离子的吸附容量研究

研究了安吉蒙脱石对抗菌金属离子Ag 、Zn2 及Cu2 的吸附反应容量 ,发现安吉蒙脱石对抗菌金属离子的吸附等温线可用Freundlich方程加以拟合。抗菌金属离子按照其吸附容量大小的排列次序为Cu2 >Zn2 >Ag ,此次序由三种离子的水化热、离子半径及价态所决定。     

Study on the polymerization of ϵ‐caprolactam in the interlamellar spaces of [TEACOOH]–montmorillonite intercalations complex and its characterization

The polymerization of ?‐caprolactam between the interlamellar spaces of the [TEACOOH]–montmorillonite intercalations complex was attempted using Na–montmorillonite and 10‐carboxy‐n‐decyltriethylammonium bromide to achieve [TEACOOH]–polycaprolactam–montmorillonite, in which montmorillonite (inorganic polymer) is chemically bonded with the polycaprolactam (organic polymer). The results of X‐ray and IR analysis for the samples obtained after polymerization showed that the polymerization reaction has been successfully accomplished. For the purpose of studying the polymeric reaction product more precisely, we have isolated the polymerized product from the silicate layers and analyzed it with X‐ray diffractometer and IR spectrometer. Comparison of the results of X‐ray and IR analysis between the isolated polymer and the polymer that was synthesized by the reaction of ?‐caprolactam only with the organic cation without montmorillonite showed that both obtained polymers are the same compounds. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 1904–1910, 2003     

Preparation,characterization, and adsorption properties for metal ions of a novel chelating resin containing sulfoxide and diethylene glycol

A novel chelating resin containing sulfoxide and diethylene glycol, poly{4‐vinylbenzyl‐[2‐2‐(hydroxyethyl)ethoxyl]sulfoxide} (PVESO) was synthesized using chloromethylated polystyrene (PS‐Cl) as material. Its structure was characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adsorption capacities of the resin for Hg²⁺, Ag⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Pb²⁺ at various pH values were determined. The maximum adsorption capacities for Hg²⁺ and Ag⁺ were 1.56 and 0.75 mmol g^?1 respectively. The resin had high selectivity for Hg²⁺ and Ag⁺ over the pH range 1.0–7.0. The adsorption capacities for Hg²⁺ and Ag⁺ under competitive condition were also determined by batch experiment method. In addition, the adsorption kinetics of the resin towards Hg²⁺ at different temperatures was also investigated. The results showed that the adsorption rate was governed by film diffusion at 20°C and 25°C, by particle diffusion at 30°C and 35°C. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 6054–6059, 2006     

新型合成聚合物重金属离子吸附剂及其吸附性能

阐述了新型聚合物重金属离子吸附剂的合成与改性及其对水溶液中Cd(Ⅱ)、Pb(Ⅱ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Hg(Ⅱ)等重金属离子的吸附性能。这些聚合物重金属离子吸附剂对低浓度的重金属离子表现出了较好的吸附能力，其中聚合物吸附剂PGHyFeO—COOH对mg／L级的Pb(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)、Hg(Ⅱ)的最大吸附量分别为211．4mg／g、155．0mg／g、147．2mg／g。这些吸附剂的吸附速度也较快，平衡吸附时间一般在60min左右，有的甚至只有几分钟。新型聚合物重金属离子吸附剂在水处理工业中具有广阔的应用前景。     

塑料产业与环境协调发展

预测了中国塑料改性技术的发展趋势：指出通用塑料的高性能化和环保化是塑料工业的发展主流：结合自身的科研成果对改性塑料产业如何适应高性能化和环保化提出建议：（1）建立“有自主知识产权的环境友好型塑料助剂”产业体系;（2）进一步筛选扩展无机粉体,加快无机粉体改性塑料环境材料的产业化进程;（3）建立环境友好高分子材料专用树脂体系;（4）加快天然高分子的改性、加工和应用力度,摆脱塑料对石油的依赖．     

Kinetics of the peracetic acid decomposition: Part II: pH effect and alkaline hydrolysis

The effect of pH on the decomposition of peracetic acid in an aqueous solution was studied. It was found that three potential reactions, namely i) the spontaneous decomposition, ii) the hydrolysis and iii) the transition metal catalysed decomposition, are responsible for the consumption of peracetic acid. The spontaneous decomposition reaches its maximum at pH 8.2, while both the hydrolysis and metal ion catalysed decomposition increase as the pH increases. At pH 10.5 and higher, the hydrolysis becomes dominant when the metal ion catalysed decomposition is minimized by the addition of DTMPA. The kinetics of the peracetic acid hydrolysis was developed, which can very well predict the development of peracetic acid and hydrogen peroxide during the decomposition reaction.     

炼厂外排污水回用于循环冷却水腐蚀影响因素初探

从单因素、多因素和复杂水系考察了炼厂外排污水回用于循环冷却水腐蚀的影响因素，结果表明，碳钢腐蚀的主要影响因素取决于离子特性、氧化膜的形成和溶解氧的扩散等综合协同作用，其中以离子特性的,影响为最大（如：Cl^-、Ca^2 、CO3^2-的腐蚀性较强）。碳钢腐蚀反应又可由以上三种主要影响因素分为三个反应控制区，而当电导率在0．1－2．0mS/cm范围时，其水质属于腐蚀危险高发区。从而也进一步说明水质的低电导率处理，其防腐效果并不理想，相反在高电导率情况下却表现出相对较好的低腐蚀性能。