载银 Al2O3抗菌剂的制备及性能研究

报导了采用 Al2O3为载体的银型无机抗菌材料的制备工艺及性能,所制备的无机抗菌材料具 有良好的抗菌性能及安全性能,其中对大、小白鼠的急性经口毒性的 LD50 >5000mg/kg,亚急性毒 性试验的无异常、无作用的量为 100 mg/kg· d; Ag2O的较佳掺入量为 3wt%- 5wt%,较佳的烧结 温度范围为 1000- 1200℃.     

退火温度对ZnO陶瓷薄膜低压压敏特性的影响

应用新型溶胶-凝胶法制备了ZnO陶瓷薄膜,研究了退火温度对ZnO陶瓷薄膜低压压敏电阻电性能的影响.结果表明,采用溶胶掺杂在550℃退火条件下可形成Zn7Sb2O12及ZnCr2O4相,且在退火温度范围内(550～950℃)基本上没有焦绿石相形成.当退火温度达到750℃以后,Sb2O3已全部转变为稳定性好的尖晶石相,同时存在Bi2O3、ZnO的挥发.采用适当的退火温度,可得到具有优良电性能的ZnO陶瓷薄膜低压压敏电阻,其压敏电压低于5 V,非线性系数可达20,漏电流密度小于0.5μA/mm2.     

Hierarchical WO3 Hollow Shells: Dendrite,Sphere, Dumbbell,and Their Photocatalytic Properties

In this work, hierarchical WO₃ hollow shells: dendrites, spheres and dumbbells have been successfully synthesized by simply calcining the acid‐treated PbWO₄ and SrWO₄ as precursors at 500 °C for 2 h. These hollow structures were characterized using X‐ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopies, Brunauer–Emmet–Teller surface area and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, respectively. Possible formation mechanisms for hollow WO₃ shells consisted of tiny nanoplatelets were investigated in detail. Comparing with commercial WO₃ particles, all the obtained hollow shells with larger BET surface areas showed enhanced photocatalytic activities for the degradation of organic contaminants under visible light irradiation.     

sol-gel法制备的ZnO:(Al,La)透明导电膜光电性能

通过X射线衍射、紫外–可见分光光度计、扫描电镜和四探针仪分析等手段,考察了退火温度对ZnO:(Al,La)薄膜微观结构、光学和电学性能的影响,Al掺杂浓度对电阻率的影响。结果表明:随退火温度的升高,薄膜(002)晶面择优取向生长增强,平均晶粒尺寸增大,电阻率降低,透光率上升。在x(Al)为1%,退火温度550℃时,薄膜最低电阻率为1.78×10–3?·cm,平均透光率超过85%。     

(Zn_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))~(4+)取代的BNT系无铅压电陶瓷性能

采用两步合成工艺,制备了新型Bi1/2Na1/2Ti1–x(Zn1/3Nb2/3)xO3(简称BNTZN—100x)系无铅压电陶瓷。研究了B位复合离子(Zn1/3Nb2/3)4+取代量对BNT陶瓷介电及压电性能的影响。结果表明:当0.005≤x≤0.020时,该体系陶瓷具有三方、四方共存的准同型相界(MPB)结构。在MPB附近,具有较佳的压电性能:当x为0.020时,d33为97pC/N,kt为0.47。εr-t曲线显示该体系材料具有明显的弥散相变特征。具有高kt值,低kp值;kt/kp较大,具有较大的各向异性,是一种适合高频下使用的优良超声换能材料。     

前驱体法制备BaNd_2Ti_4O_(12)微波介质陶瓷的研究

以EDTA为络合剂,EG为酯化剂,得到多孔的BaNd2Ti4O12树脂前驱体,在950～1 000℃内预烧,可直接合成BaNd2Ti4O12而不出现中间相。聚合物前驱体法制备BaNd2Ti4O12在1 140～1 180℃的内可以烧结得到致密的陶瓷,较传统固相法烧结温度低200℃左右。1 140℃烧结的样品介电性能良好,εr为87.6,Qf为7 692。     

掺Eu3+, Sm3+, Tb3+的TTFA配合物敏化发光效应的实验研究

为了研究稀土离子的α-噻吩甲酰三氟丙酮(α-thienyltrifluoroacetone,TTFA)配合物中敏化发光效应,对自行制备出的稀土离子Eu3+,Sm3+和Tb3+单掺TTFA配合物Eu(TTFA)3,Tb(TTFA)3,Sm(TTFA)3及3种稀土离子两两共掺的配合物的荧光光谱进行了分析,得出了稀土离子Eu3+,Sm3+,Tb3+与配体TTFA的敏化特性以及稀土离子Eu3+,Sm3+和Tb3+之间的敏化特性。Eu(TTFA)3,Tb(TTFA)3,Sm(TTFA)3及3种稀土离子共掺的配合物中,稀土离子Eu3+,Sm3+,Tb3+与配体TTFA及Eu3+,Sm3+,Tb3+之间有明显的敏化效应。结果表明,将其用于聚合物光纤放大器具有良好的发展前景。     

无机陶瓷膜在茶油精炼中的研究

目的:为解决传统油脂精炼方法存在的问题,研究无机陶瓷膜技术在油脂精炼中的应用。方法:从无机陶瓷膜的截留分子量、压力、温度和混合油浓度研究磷脂、色泽、酸价和膜通量的影响。结果:最佳膜技术处理工艺条件为陶瓷膜2万、压力0.3MPa、温度40℃、混合油浓度50%,经过处理,磷脂含量降到6.86mg/kg,色泽为Y5.2(25.4mm比色槽),酸价为0.63。结论:无机陶瓷膜技术应用到油脂精炼中,可简化油脂精炼工艺、减少能耗、降低生产成本、节省脱色吸附剂的用量,达到脱胶、脱酸和脱色的目的。     

The Influence of Heavy Metal Ions on Beer Flavour Stability

In this study, the importance of iron and copper ions and their radical formation via the respective Fenton and Haber‐Weiss reactions was confirmed. Of the other heavy metals present in the brewing process in relevant concentrations, the impact of manganese ions on beer flavour stability has been elucidated. In contrast to iron and copper, manganese ions are not removed from wort or beer to any great extent during the process. Additionally, manganese shows a similar radical‐promoting effect to that seen with iron and copper. Its reactivity, and typically higher concentration than the other two metals in beer, appear to make manganese an especially potent pro‐oxidant in beer. The results of the investigation clearly indicate that there are other heavy metals influencing the stale flavour characteristics of beer, in addition to the well‐known metals, iron and copper. In contrast to the aforementioned ions, manganese does not enter the product by being leached out of a tank or from piping materials, but rather comes from the cereals employed in brewing. This finding, concerning the importance of manganese as a redox system in beer staling, can serve as a basis for a different approach in the choice of raw materials.