测试距离对LED灯具光强检测精度的影响

阐述了光强测试的重要性,分析了2种不同光源(点、面)的测试原理,根据测试原理,推导出3种不同的面光源(圆盘形面光源、长条形面光源、长方形面光源)对于不同的测量距离的误差。提出了测试空间的建议,即在满足一定的误差下,可以容许的最小测试距离,从而为室内测试节省大量空间。     

基于节能减排的企业信用评价指标体系研究

可持续发展战略得在世界各国的认可,以低排放、低消耗、低污染为特征的经济发展模式,节能减排是其重要的组成部分和内在要求。从我国实行节能减排的必要性出发,结合银行支持节能减排的具体措施,在银行信用评级体系中加入节能减排指标,进而建立一个新型绿色中小型企业信用评级体系。     

震后裂缝危岩体诊断技术研究

震后山体结构破碎,崩塌频发,严重的制约着灾后重建工作。为此,从震后岩体实际结构状况出发,在分析诱发岩体崩塌的破坏性外力类型的基础上,借助断裂力学理论,通过合理建模,阐明了震后岩体崩塌的机理,给出了崩塌发生的条件,为震区可预知余震强度区的危岩体诊断和排查提供了技术支持。最后通过算例及分析表明：余震、降雨及其相互耦合作用是震后崩塌的根本动力;在特定外力下区内岩体裂缝发生扩展存在最小临界深度;外力耦合条件下裂缝失稳临界深度最小     

楔形翼缘连接板腹板连接节点断裂性能

为定量确定采用楔形翼缘连接板的钢框架结构梁柱腹板连接节点焊缝应力强度因子与初始缺陷深度之间的函数关系,采用断裂力学与有限元分析相结合的方法.判断焊缝开裂的依据是一型应力强度因子,应力强度因子通过J积分的方法求得.通过有限元计算研究初始裂缝深度、梁截面尺寸、柱截面尺寸、梁柱长度和翼缘连接板伸出柱边缘的长度对腹板连接节点焊缝应力强度因子的影响.采用正交设计法进行研究方案设计,根据参数分析结果归纳出应力强度因子计算公式.结果表明,梁下翼缘焊缝比上翼缘更容易开裂,采用楔形翼缘连接板可以明显改善焊缝边缘的断裂性能,应力强度因子与梁截面参数是增函数关系,与柱截面参数是减函数关系.     

外界条件对纳米TiO2光催化性能的影响

为找到纳米TiO2的最佳催化条件,以钛酸丁酯为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米级的掺杂Fe3+的TiO2粉末.通过XRD确定其相组成,利用紫外可见分光光度计测定光催化活性,研究外界条件包括光强度、溶液的pH值及环境温度对光催化反应的影响.结果表明:光强度在一定范围内越大光催化活性越高;pH值在4时光催化活性最大;环境温度对光催化反应无太大影响.在较高的光强度、pH=4的条件下光催化活性最好.     

倾斜疲劳裂纹在混合型应力下张开及滑移特性

对于存在裂纹的机械零件或者构件,它很有可能会受到来自不同方向的作用力, 因此有必要研究裂纹在混合型应力条件下的传播特性. 该文使用具有不同倾斜角度的裂纹--这些裂纹是在应力比R=0的Ⅰ型循环应力下制作的,通过测量裂纹的开口方向和滑移方向的位移量,计算了裂纹端部Ⅰ型应力强度因子(KⅠ)mes和Ⅱ型应力强度因子(KⅡ)mes.裂纹的倾斜角度是指载荷方向与裂纹间的夹角.结果表明,对于存在压缩残余应力的疲劳裂纹,当倾斜角度较大,即β=60°时,应力强度因子的实验值(KⅠ)mes小于理论计算值(KⅠ),但此时实验值(KⅡ)mes与理论值(KⅡ)基本一致.另一方面,对于倾斜角度较小β=45°的疲劳裂纹,其(KⅠ)mes减少的同时,由于裂纹上下表面相互接触,从而导致(KⅡ)mes同时下降.     

交叉缩放椭圆强化换热管内流动和传热性能的数值研究

以交叉缩放椭圆强化换热管为几何模型,对管内的传热和流动进行数值模拟,计算结果表明,过渡段流场不同于直管段,纵向涡流较大,湍流强度和湍动能都较大,过渡段强化传热效果明显好于直管段,但阻力也增加了;并且发现随着椭圆长轴与短轴之比的增加,换热增强,为交叉缩放椭圆强化换热管在换热领域的实际应用提供了理论依据.     

宽度和长度缩减对体硅和SOI nMOSFETs热载流子效应的影响

针对标准体硅在CMOS和PD SOI CMOS两种工艺下的nMOSFETs,研究了沟道长度和宽度缩减对热载流子效应的影响。实验结果表明,在两种工艺下,热载流子的退化均随着沟道长度的减小而增强;然而,宽度的减小对两种工艺热载流子退化的影响却截然不同：体硅工艺的热载流子退化随宽度的减小而增强,SOI工艺的热载流子退化随宽度的减小而减小。基于界面态对热载流子效应的影响深入分析了长度减小导致两种工艺下热载流子退化均加重的原因;同时基于边缘电场分布对热载流子效应的影响解释了宽度减小导致两种工艺下热载流子退化规律截然相反的现象。研究结果对于实际深亚微米工艺下,集成电路设计中器件工艺尺寸和版图结构的选择具有一定指导意义。     

Photopolymer kinetics using light intensity gradients in high-throughput conversion analysis

Light intensity gradients and light exposure time gradients were combined to produce contours of constant dose on a sample substrate. These polymerized samples were subsequently analyzed using high-throughput Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to measure conversion as a function of both gradients. Three (meth)acrylate monomers were analyzed over light doses ranging from 0 mJ/cm² to 920 mJ/cm², demonstrating that in thin films, higher light intensities at a constant light dose produce higher conversion due to a decreased oxygen inhibition time and larger thermal excursions. At a light dose of 75 mJ/cm², the conversion of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate increases from 40 ± 2% at a light intensity of 0.9 mW/cm² to 59 ± 3% at 7.2 mW/cm². The two acrylate monomers exhibited rapid photopolymerization up to a specific conversion, after which additional radiation dose produced only marginal increases in overall conversion. For hexanediol diacrylate, a light dose of 300 mJ/cm² was the minimum amount required to reach the maximum conversion over the entire range analyzed. For the dimethacrylate system, a similar effect was seen, with a reduced oxygen inhibition time and conversion above 70% showing a similar conversion at a constant light dose of 500 mJ/cm². In all three systems, dose contours were used to determine a range of light intensities at which a statistically similar conversion would occur for a specified light dose.     

Homogeneous Fluidization Characteristics of Vibrating Fluidized Beds

The effects of vibration parameters, operating conditions and material properties on fluidization quality were investigated by the measurement and analysis of voidage fluctuation signals in a vibrating fluidized bed with a diameter of 148 mm. The fluctuation deviation of the bed voidage and the enhancement index of the bed derived can describe bed homogeneity and its extension. A new criterion of homogeneity, consisting of the material parameter (Ar), operating parameters (H₀, u/u_mf) and vibration parameters (a, ω), is proposed to predict a suitable range of homogeneous fluidization. Experimental results on eight kinds of solids, five static bed heights and different vibration parameters were used to propose guidelines for the reasonable selection of operating conditions for vibrating fluidization and better operating conditions.