哈得4东河砂岩油藏注水水质标准研究

塔里木哈得4东河砂岩油藏将由注矿化度25g／L的地表水（清水）转为注矿化度240g／L的采油污水。清水与污水配伍性差，应分注，注清水时需采取防垢措施。实验考察了与注入水腐蚀性、地层伤害性有关的诸因素，推荐了清水和污水水质控制指标。要将A3钢在清水和污水中的腐蚀率控制在0．076mm．／a以内，溶解氧浓度均应小于0．89mg／L（尽管污水对溶解氧的耐受性强），TGB、IB、SRB茵数应分别小于100、102、100个／mL。根据储层岩心注模拟水伤害实验结果并考虑油田生产情况，为了使储层岩心渗透率的伤害率低于15％，注入水（清水、污水）中悬浮物粒径应控制在5pan以下，悬浮物含量小于7．5mg／L，TGB、IB、SRB茵数应分别小于100、100、102个／mL，Fe^3＋浓度应小于2mg／L，含油量应小于10mg／L。图11参6。     

AB可编程序控制器在离子膜制碱工艺联锁中的应用

综述了ＡＢ可编程序控制器在离子膜制碱工艺联锁控制中的应用,实现了工艺联锁的最优控制,该系统在大庆油田氯碱厂投运两年多,运行良好。     

弱碱型三元复合驱采出水的流变性变化规律

通过旋转黏度计测试黏弹性和视黏度,研究了三元(碱、表面活性剂、聚合物)复合驱采出水的流变性。结果表明,三元复合驱采出水的黏弹性可用Maxwell线性黏弹性模型描述。其视黏度和黏弹性主要取决于所含聚合物的相对分子质量和含量,并且随聚合物含量的增加而增大。低聚合物含量三元复合驱采出水的视黏度和黏弹性模量之间存在着G=1．6736μ1.8155的关系式。     

寒区油田高凝原油采出液低温集输处理工艺技术应用

在寒区油田对高凝原油采出液实行低温集输处理，是国内外油田节能降耗技术领域里的一大难题。文章介绍了大庆油田近年来在寒区高凝原油采出液低温集输与处理工艺技术试验研究方面所取得的成果．给出了适于大庆特高含水主力油田一喇萨杏油田已建联合站系统的采出液低温集输处理工艺、技术界限与配套措施，针对目前油田生产应用的技术现状与存在问题，提出了大规模推广应用这一工艺技术的具体措施。     

非同层油田采出水结垢性质研究

国内油田对非同层产出液普遍采用集输处理工艺流程来节约生产成本,同时采用回注处理工艺可以提高原油的采收率,提高经济效益。但不可避免的将会造成地层、设备和管线结垢。结垢问题给油田的正常生产带来不利影响,解决油田系统的结垢问题已经成为一项研究的重要课题。本文通过对结垢性质进行探讨,可以有效地解决油田生产存在的一些问题。     

含有大量泥砂的原油低温破乳剂

赵60站处理的赵78断块采出液含有大量泥砂,给低温脱水带来了困难。该站以不同原油性质的两口油井为代表,研究配制了二种适合这类含有大量泥砂原油的低温脱水破乳剂。在加药量100 mg/L、脱水温度40℃时,脱后原油达到外输优质标准,污水水质达标。     

原油脱水站油水分离效果的影响因素和改善措施

针对近年来大庆油田部分原油脱水站存在的问题,研究了影响原油脱水站油水分离效果的主要因素,提出了改进破乳剂的性能和投加机制,降低游离水脱除器进液中机械杂质含量等提高原油脱水站油水分离效果的改善措施。对采出液处理中应用的破乳剂配方及其加药点设置,沉降罐上部污油回收处理工艺进行了改进。在实际应用中显著改善了大庆油田采出液的油水分离效果,电脱水器运行稳定性显著提高,出矿净化原油水含量低于0.3%的控制指标,沉降罐上部油层厚度可控制在0.3m以下,聚驱沉降罐和水驱沉降罐放水含油量可分别降低到500mg/L和300mg/L的控制指标以下。     

油田采出水处理复合阻垢缓蚀剂的研究

目的制备一种高效、复合型的油田采出水处理阻垢缓蚀剂。方法以二己烯三胺五亚甲基膦酸、磺酸基共聚物和钨酸钠为原料复配成复合阻垢缓蚀剂,通过静态阻垢试验和动态腐蚀试验,研究复合阻垢缓蚀剂的防垢和缓蚀效果与其质量浓度的关系,考察絮凝剂、杀菌剂及缓蚀剂等水处理剂对防垢效果的影响。结果在油田采出水处理中,阻垢缓蚀剂最佳质量浓度为30 mg/L,此时的阻垢率>95%,腐蚀速率为0.0696 mm/a。油田采出水中过量的絮凝剂及季铵盐1227杀菌剂会造成阻垢率降低,咪唑啉缓蚀剂对阻垢率有增效作用,异噻唑啉酮杀菌剂对阻垢率影响较小。结论该复合阻垢缓蚀剂生产制备简单,阻垢和缓蚀性能优良。     

CHATACTERIZNTIAN OF SOME IRAQI ASPHALTS. II. NEW FINDINGS ON THE PHYSICAL NATURE OF ASPHALTENES

ABSTRACT

Uapcur pressure csmometry (UPO) and viscometric technique were used to reveal the true molecular weight of asphaltenes and the degree of association in solvent of different polarities at different temperatures. The number average malecular weight of unassociated asphaltenes was found to be 935 g/mcl. In n' trobenzene at 120 C. The degrees of association were determined from UPO in benzene at 37, 45, 60 C, in chlorobunzene at 37, 45, 60 and 90 C. in THE at 37, 45, 60 C and in nitrobenzene at 90 C. The degree of association determined by ulscometric method at 37, 45 and 60 C, in these soluents were found to be in approximate agrement with that found bv UPO. Data derived by means of ulscometric and osmometric methods consolidated the recognition that asphaltenes could be similar to macro-molecules structurally.     

Microstructure and corrosion performance of X100 steel in the oilfield produced water

ABSTRACT

The corrosion performances of X100 steels in the oilfield produced water with different temperature (30°C, 40°C, 60°C) under the simulated working conditions were studied by potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) test. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was used to measure the element composition of the sample after corrosion. The phase and chemical compositions of the specimens were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectrometry. The electrochemical results showed that the corrosion resistance of the specimen exposed for 24 hours increased with the increase of the testing temperature, indicating the better protective effect due to the corrosion product film formed under high temperature despite the impact of turbulence. The corrosion products consist of Fe₃O₄, Fe₂O₃, α-FeOOH, and γ-FeOOH. The corrosion mechanism model of X100 steel was established and the corrosion behavior was analyzed under simulated working conditions.