正交优化鲜玉米面条复合保鲜剂

为延长鲜玉米面条保存期,在食品添加剂允许使用限量范围内,采用正交优化法,通过添加防腐剂(脱氢醋酸钠、双乙酸钠和复合磷酸盐),结合121℃、5 min杀菌处理,对鲜玉米面条感官、断条率、烹调损失率、TPA(质地剖面分析)和菌落总数分析,筛选出最优复合保鲜剂配方。结果表明:添加0.5 g/kg脱氢醋酸钠、0.15 g/kg双乙酸钠和4 g/kg复合磷酸盐复配防腐、保鲜效果最佳,能有效延长鲜玉米面条保质期,可长达6个月。     

气调包装对冷鲜羊肉保鲜效果的影响研究

研究了单组分气体及不同比例气体组分对鲜羊肉进行气调包装后,对贮藏期间影响品质因素的关键技术指标的影响。试验条件下最优气体配比为CO2比例为20%,O2比例为65%。在此配比条件下,既可以改善并维持冷鲜羊肉良好的鲜红色泽,也可以在贮藏期间保持鲜肉的pH值和TVB-N值在规定的范围内,对延长冷鲜羊肉的贮藏期和保持良好的品质起到了一定作用。     

草莓复合涂膜保鲜效果的研究

以草莓为实验原料,采用魔芋精粉、丁香提取物和氯化钙复合涂膜方法对草莓进行涂膜保鲜实验。选择失重率和Vc含量为指标,以单因素实验和正交实验优化保鲜膜配方,结果表明,常温下,魔芋精粉浓度0.5%、丁香提取物浓度2.0%、氯化钙浓度1.2%的复合涂膜剂对草莓的保鲜效果最好,有效地延长了保质期。该最佳配比的复合涂膜剂在低温下对草莓的保鲜效果比在室温下更显著,相关指标明显优于室温下的涂膜组。     

丁香精油对樱桃番茄保鲜作用的研究

研究了丁香精油对樱桃番茄采后主要致病菌的抑制作用及对其采后品质和生理的影响。结果表明:丁香精油可有效抑制根霉、灰霉的生长,并可诱导樱桃番茄防御性酶POD、PPO及CAT活性的升高;丁香精油处理可降低果实的腐烂指数,120μL/L丁香精油熏蒸对樱桃番茄的防腐保鲜效果最好,贮藏19d后腐烂指数比对照降低了70.6%;20℃下贮藏19d之后,丁香精油处理后樱桃番茄的果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量、颜色及可滴定酸与对照组果实相比均无显著差异。      

Combined Application of Antibrowning,Heat Treatment and Modified‐Atmosphere Packaging to Extend the Shelf Life of Fresh‐Cut Lotus Root

This work aimed to determine the effects of different concentrations of antibrowning treatments (that is, distilled water [DW], 1% ascorbic acid [AA], 0.5% chamomile [CM], and 1% AA + 0.5% CM) and heat‐treatment (55 °C for 45 s) combined with packaging under 4 different modified‐atmosphere gas compositions (that is, air, vacuum, 100% CO₂, 50% CO₂/50% N₂) on the quality and microbiological characteristics of fresh‐cut lotus root. The quality characteristics (that is, color, weight loss, texture, pH, polyphenoloxidase activity, and total phenolic content) of the AA + CM‐dipped sample in 100% CO₂ packaging were maintained significantly better than those of the other samples (P < 0.05). The microbiological counts observed in the DW‐dipped sample during storage were higher than those of the AA, CM, and AA + CM samples, and heat‐treatment retarded the microbiological deterioration of fresh‐cut lotus root. Therefore, the results revealed that dipping in an antibrowning treatment (AA + CM), and 100% CO₂ MAP with heat treatment effectively extend the shelf life of fresh‐cut lotus root to 21 d at 5 °C.     

基于生鲜肉品和果蔬保鲜的生物可降解薄膜的研究进展

生鲜肉品和果蔬具有新鲜和营养价值高的双重特色,同时生物可降解材料的包装保鲜具有突出的保鲜效果和环保意义,应用可降解材料包装保鲜生鲜肉品和果蔬具有优越的经济效益和生态效益。因此,本文针对生鲜肉品和果蔬的品质变化特点,列举了生物可降解薄膜保鲜技术在生鲜肉品和果蔬保鲜中的诸多应用与进展,为生鲜肉品和果蔬的保鲜包装和产业发展提供参考依据。      

鲜食花生品质评价和贮藏加工研究进展

鲜食花生是指收获后不经晾晒而直接食用或煮熟食用的花生,具有食用方便、营养丰富、味道鲜美等优点,备受消费者喜爱。鲜食花生生育期短,部分地区可以实现一年两熟,具有很高的经济效益。本文从鲜食花生品质评价、专用品种筛选、适宜性分子机制、贮藏方法、加工技术5个方面概述鲜食花生研究现状,分析其存在的问题和未来的发展方向,为鲜食花生的品种选育和产业发展提供理论基础。     

Sensory analysis and species-specific PCR detect bovine milk adulteration of frescal (fresh) goat cheese

The Brazilian market for dairy products made from goat milk is increasing despite the seasonality of production and naturally small milk production per animal, factors that result in high-priced products and encourage fraud. In Brazil, no official analytical method exists for detecting adulteration of goat dairy products with cow milk. The aim of this study was to design a strategy to investigate the adulteration of frescal (fresh) goat cheeses available in the Rio de Janeiro retail market, combining analysis of cheese composition and the perception of adulteration by consumers. Commercial goat cheeses were tested by using a duplex PCR assay previously designed to authenticate cheeses, by targeting the mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA genes of both species simultaneously. The PCR test was able to detect 0.5% (vol/vol) cow milk added during goat cheese formulation. The analysis of 20 locally produced goat cheeses (20 lots of 4 brands) showed that all were adulterated with cow milk, even though the labels did not indicate the addition of cow milk. To estimate the ability of consumers to perceive the fraudulent addition of cow milk, a triangle test was performed, in which cheeses formulated with several different proportions of goat and cow milk were offered to 102 regular consumers of cheese. Detection threshold analysis indicated that almost half of the consumers were able to perceive adulteration at 10% (vol/vol) cow milk. Effective actions must be implemented to regulate the market for goat dairy products in Brazil, considering the rights and choices of consumers with respect to their particular requirements for diet and health, preference, and cost.