黄麻纤维生物法桥接丁子香酚接枝丙烯酰胺研究

研究了漆酶催化黄麻木质纤维接枝过渡单体丁子香酚,然后在漆酶/t-BHP催化下,在丁子香酚上进一步接枝丙烯酰胺的亲水化改性反应。结果表明,黄麻纤维接枝丁子香酚的XPS分峰图上观察到283.49 e V处存在CC的能谱峰,证明丁子香酚接枝到了黄麻纤维表面;溴量法测得在50℃、p H值=4、丁子香酚浓度5 mmol/L、漆酶用量1.68 U/m L条件下反应4 h接枝过渡单体效果最好,接枝率为1.06%。在黄麻纤维桥接丁子香酚接枝丙烯酰胺的红外光谱图上呈现酰胺基团的红外特征吸收峰,说明黄麻纤维表面成功接枝丙烯酰胺;微量凯氏定氮法测得黄麻纤维桥接丁子香酚接枝丙烯酰胺的接枝率为3.66%。     

Enhancing laccase stability and activity for dyes decolorization using ZIF-8@MWCNT nanocomposite

The continuous use of chemical dyes in various industries, and their discharge into industrial effluents, results in severe problems to human life and water pollution. Laccases have the ability to decolorize dyes and toxic chemicals in industrial effluents as green biocatalysts. Their possible industrial applications have been limited by poor reusability, low stability, and loss of free laccase action. In this research, laccase was immobilized on zeolitic imidazolate framework coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Laccase@ZIF-8@MWCNTs) via metal affinity adsorption to develop an easy separable and stable enzyme. The optimum reaction conditions for immobilized laccase are at a pH of 3.0 and a temperature of 60?℃. The immobilized laccase was enhanced in storage and thermal stability. The results indicated that Laccase@ZIF-8@MWCNTs still maintained 68% of its original activity after 10 times of repeated use. Most importantly, the biocatalytic system was applied for decolorization of different dyes (20?mg·L^?1) without a mediator, and up to 97.4% for Eriochrome black T and 95.6% Acid red 88 was achieved in 25 min. Biocatalysts with these properties may be used in a variety of environmental and industrial applications.     

Laccases and Tyrosinases in Organic Synthesis

Laccases (Lac) and tyrosinases (TYR) are mild oxidants with a great potential in research and industry. In this work, we review recent advances in their use in organic synthesis. We summarize recent examples of Lac-catalyzed oxidation, homocoupling and heterocoupling, and TYR-catalyzed ortho-hydroxylation of phenols. We highlight the combination of Lac and TYR with other enzymes or chemical catalysts. We also point out the biological and pharmaceutical potential of the products, such as dimers of piceid, lignols, isorhamnetin, rutin, caffeic acid, 4-hydroxychalcones, thiols, hybrid antibiotics, benzimidazoles, benzothiazoles, pyrimidine derivatives, hydroxytyrosols, alkylcatechols, halocatechols, or dihydrocaffeoyl esters, etc. These products include radical scavengers; antibacterial, antiviral, and antitumor compounds; and building blocks for bioactive compounds and drugs. We summarize the available enzyme sources and discuss the scalability of their use in organic synthesis. In conclusion, we assume that the intensive use of laccases and tyrosinases in organic synthesis will yield new bioactive compounds and, in the long-term, reduce the environmental impact of industrial organic chemistry.     

一种新型纤维素基吸附剂的制备及其对漆酶的固定化性能研究

利用NaOH/尿素体系溶解纤维素并加入纳米碳酸钙,而后在盐酸溶液中再生,制得具备多孔结构的纤维素小球;之后采用丙烯酰胺对纤维素小球的羟基进行改性,接枝碳链并引入酰胺基,在碱性条件下酰胺基水解为羧基,得到改性纤维素基吸附剂;其可通过静电吸附和氢键间作用力固定漆酶。对接枝改性和漆酶固定化的最佳条件进行了探索,得到最佳改性条件为：时间6 h、温度50℃、单体配比8∶5、引发剂浓度0.08%;最佳固定化条件为：pH值=5.0、初始酶浓度10 g/L、固定化时间3 h。利用此最佳改性纤维素小球在最佳条件下固定的漆酶具有良好的热稳定性和可重复使用性,酶活提高了52%。结果表明,改性纤维素小球作为一种新型的绿色载体,在漆酶固定化方面具有广阔的应用前景。     

高活性漆酶产生菌的发酵条件优化

对云芝菌产漆酶的发酵条件进行优化,考察C源、N源和诱导剂等因素对产酶的影响.结果表明:杂色云芝菌摇瓶产漆酶的最佳条件为葡萄糖1.25 g/L,羧甲基纤维素钠15 g/L,酵母膏15 g/L,KH2PO41 g/L,CaCl20.05 g/L,MgSO40.25 g/L,30℃、150 r/m条件下振荡培养,在72 h加入2 mmol/L 2,5-二甲基苯胺作为诱导剂,在96 h加入2 mmol/L Cu2+,经过7 d培养,菌的漆酶比活达到3 319.2 U/mL.     

白腐菌降解焦化废水的研究

介绍了白腐菌在焦化废水中的驯化生长和产酶条件优化,考察了白腐菌及其酶类对焦化废水的降解能力,结果表明:白腐菌在培养条件下能够产生白腐菌漆酶,是降解焦化废水中的多环芳香化合物的主要活性成分。经过白腐菌和活性污泥混合,得到较好的处理效果:实验时间内COD去除率达到89%,NH3-N达到88%,较单纯活性污泥效率高。     

蔗渣硫酸盐浆漆酶/介体生物漂白流程与工艺的研究

进行了蔗渣硫酸盐浆漆酶 /介体 (LMS)生物漂白流程与工艺的研究。讨论了漆酶的存在和纯化、表面活性剂对LMS的影响 ,分析了碱抽提、螯合处理、酸处理以及压力过氧化氢漂白对漂白结果的影响。检测了含LMS处理的纸浆漂白流程的纸浆性质