碳酸钾催化合成芳基萘内酯类木脂素

以二氯乙烷作溶剂,炔酸烯丙酯在K2CO3催化下,可以顺利发生分子内串联环化反应得标题化合物,产率65％ ～88％.产物经1HNMR、13CNMR和GC-MS确证.     

亚麻籽的营养成分及功能研究进展

亚麻籽是世界十大油料作物之一,营养价值较高。亚麻籽含有α-亚麻酸、亚麻籽蛋白、亚麻木酚素、膳食纤维和亚麻胶等多种营养成分,从而使亚麻籽具有降血糖、降血脂和预防心脑血管疾病等多种功能。对亚麻籽的营养成分及其功能研究进展进行综述,以期为促进亚麻产业发展提供参考。     

亚麻籽有效成分的提取及其综合利用研究进展

亚麻是一年或多年生草本植物,在我国北方干旱半干旱地区大面积种植。亚麻籽是亚麻的种子,目前国内外对亚麻籽的开发主要侧重于对亚麻籽油的提取,而亚麻籽其他功能活性物质未得到有效开发利用。综述了亚麻籽油、亚麻籽胶、亚麻籽蛋白、亚麻籽木脂素4种天然有效成分的含量、组成、生理功能、提取技术以及在相关领域的应用等研究进展,旨在为亚麻籽有效成分的提取和综合开发利用提供技术参考。     

亚麻木脂素提取液渗透模型建立与验证的研究

为提高亚麻木酚素的纯度,在对提取液进行冷冻干燥前,用中空纤维超滤装置对亚麻木脂素提取液进行澄清、净化。以超滤理论为基础,建立了超滤过程中表达平均通量与膜进口压力关系的理论渗透模型。以试验数据为基础,对理论渗透模型进行求解,建立了适合本试验的简略渗透模型。验证试验表明,简略渗透模型能较好地预测中空纤维超滤膜澄清亚麻籽木脂素提取液的平均通量,试验值略高于计算值,最大绝对误差为2.9×10<sub>-6</sub>m<sub>3</sub>/(m<sub>2</sub>.s)),最大相对误差为3.8％。     

微波预处理对芝麻油中芝麻木酚素含量及油脂品质的影响

为了确定高芝麻酚芝麻油的最适微波预处理条件,将芝麻水分含量调节为5个梯度,在不同微波预处理时间下制得芝麻油样品,对其芝麻木酚素含量、酸值、茴香胺值、氧化诱导时间、脂肪酸组成、生育酚含量、有害物质（多环芳烃和杂环胺）含量及感官品质进行了分析,探究芝麻水分含量和微波预处理时间对芝麻油中芝麻木酚素含量及油脂品质的影响。结果表明：微波预处理时间6 min、芝麻水分含量7%条件下制得的芝麻油芝麻酚含量较高,芝麻油酸值符合国家标准限定要求,氧化稳定性较强,有害物质杂环胺和多环芳烃含量处于适当的可控水平,同时兼顾了芝麻油的固有风味,消费者的喜爱度较高。综上,高芝麻酚芝麻油的最适微波预处理条件为微波预处理时间6 min,芝麻水分含量7%。     

Fermentation process of traditional Asokarista using Wickerhamomyces anomalus and its optimization using three-factor,three-level Box–Behnken design

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of selected variables on fermentation of decoction of Saraca asoca bark to develop a suitable method for preparing its polyherbal formulation. S. asoca bark has been fermented using Wickerhamomyces anomalus (nonsaccharomyces yeast) and the method was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The independent variables, substrate volume (ml), temperature (°C), and time (hours), were optimized using three-factor, three-level Box–Behnken design to obtain the good content of secoisolariciresinol, lyoniresinol, and 5-methoxy isolariciresinol. Secoisolariciresinol and 5-methoxy isolariciresinol were first isolated from S. asoca bark. The method yielded a quadratic polynomial equation to predict the effect of independent variables on selected responses (<0.0001). All three variables significantly (p-value < 0.0001–0.0068) affected the selected responses. The experimental values agreed closely with the predicted values and the analysis of variance signified a good model fit. The optimum conditions were 67.03 ml substrate volume, 30.95°C, and 64.86 h resulting in 23.24, 21.20, 25.06 μg of secoisolariciresinol, lyoniresinol, and 5-methoxy isolariciresinol content. This is the first report of biotechnological production of Asokarista using W. anomalus in 48 h rather than 35 days as mentioned in traditional method. Also, secoisolariciresinol has been found in fermented S. asoca bark for the first time. It has been ascertained that W. anomalus causes deglycosylation in traditional ayurvedic formulations during fermentation. Present study proved the possibility of using pure strain, Wi. anomalus, for formulating traditional formulation.     

浸出芝麻油中芝麻木酚素提取工艺的研究

以浸出芝麻毛油为原料,乙醇为提取剂,进行芝麻木酚素的提取。通过单因素试验和正交试验确定了最佳的芝麻素提取工艺条件,并利用高相液相色谱仪对得到的芝麻木酚素粗品进行芝麻素和芝麻林素含量测定。结果表明:芝麻素提取工艺的最佳条件为浸提次数3次、料液比1∶4、提取温度60℃、乙醇体积分数95%、搅拌时间0.5 h、静置时间2 h、搅拌速度400 r/min,在此条件下芝麻素提取率为86.99%;得到的芝麻木酚素粗品中芝麻素含量为48.73%,芝麻林素含量为5.71%。     

Technical note: Quantification of lignans in the urine,milk, and plasma of flaxseed cake–fed dairy sheep

Mammalian lignans are phytoestrogens with important bioactivities, and their concentrations in livestock milk may influence the health of consumers. This research aimed to establish a method to quantify multiple mammalian lignans in the biofluids of dairy sheep using ultra-HPLC-triple quadropole mass spectrometry with multiple-reaction monitoring. Secoisolariciresinol, 2-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-3-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-1,4-butanediol, enterodiol (ED), enterolactone (EL), ED-sulfate (ED-S), and EL-sulfate (EL-S) were purified from the urine of flaxseed cake–fed dairy sheep. The structures of these lignans were identified by a combination of mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. These purified lignans were used as standards to optimize their quantification conditions in urine, milk, and plasma of dairy sheep. On this basis, the lignan metabolites in biofluids were quantified. To improve analysis sensitivity, plasma and milk were pretreated with acetonitrile containing 1% formic acid and passed through a HybridSPE-PL 55261-U column (Supelco, Bellefonte, PA). The limit of quantification of the lignans ranged from 1.43 to 18.3 ng/mL in plasma, and from 1.01 to 18.7 ng/mL in milk. The linearity of the calibration curves ranged from their limit of quantification to at least 217 ng/mL in plasma, and 217 ng/mL in milk. Regression coefficient of the calibration curves were above 0.99 for secoisolariciresinol, 2-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-3-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-1,4-butanediol, ED, EL, ED-S, and EL-S, indicating satisfactory relationships between the peak areas and concentrations in the quantification range. The relative concentrations of ED-glucuronide and EL-glucuronide (EL-G) in different biofluids were compared based on their chromatogram peak areas. The sheep plasma contained all forms of mammalian lignans (i.e., ED, EL, ED-S, EL-S, ED-glucuronide, and EL-G.); the urine contained ED, EL, ED-S, and EL-S; and the milk contained ED, EL, ED-S, EL-S, and EL-G. Milk-to-plasma concentration ratios of the mammalian lignans indicated that the free forms were more permeable than the sulfated conjugates. Mammalian lignans found in sheep plasma and milk may provide health benefits to the sheep and sheep-product consumers. The analytical method established in this work could be used to quantify mammalian lignans in livestock products.     

亚麻木脂素抗氧化性能的研究及应用现状

木脂素是由苯丙素单体（C6-C3）氧化聚合而成的化合物。亚麻木脂素具有降低血清胆固醇水平、延缓2型糖尿病进程、预防乳腺癌、前列腺癌及结肠癌等功能,在生物体内和生物体外均有很好的抗氧化特性。综述了亚麻木脂素的种类及结构,亚麻木脂素在生物体内和生物体外的抗氧化活性,亚麻木脂素抗氧化性能的应用现状3个方面的研究内容,为进一步丰富亚麻木脂素抗氧化机理的探究及高效开发利用亚麻木脂素抗氧化性能提供参考。